Cultural competence is a therapist's understanding of, and attention
to, ________.
answer
Race, culture, and ethnicity in providing treatment
question
Repeated drug use and/or alcohol use after a period of improvement from substance abuse is called ________.
answer
Relapse
question
Addiction is often viewed as a(an) ________ disease.
answer
Chronic
question
During the therapist's first meeting with the client, called
________, the therapist gathers specific information to address the
client's immediate needs.
answer
Intake
question
Which treatment modality involves 5-10 people with the same issue or concern meeting together with a trained clinician?
answer
Group therapy
question
Humanistic therapy is also called ________ therapy.
answer
Client-centered
question
Which term refers to the fact that the therapist cannot disclose
private communications to any third party unless mandated or permitted by law to do so?
answer
Confidentiality
question
Aversive conditioning is a ________.
answer
Counterconditioning technique that pairs an unpleasant stimulant with an undesirable behavior
question
Which kind of therapy involves a therapeutic orientation that
employs principles of learning to help clients change undesirable
behaviors?
answer
Behavior
question
Exposure therapy is a ________ technique.
answer
Counterconditioning
question
What is the goal of humanistic therapy?
answer
Helping people become more self-aware and accepting of themselves
question
ECT stands for ________.
answer
Electroconvulsive therapy
question
Who developed client-centered therapy?
answer
Carl Rogers
question
In medieval times, abnormal behaviors were viewed as a sign that a
person was ________.
answer
Possessed by demons
question
Who developed psychoanalysis?
answer
Sigmund Freud
question
Who led the reform efforts for mental health care in the United
States?
answer
Dorothea Dix
question
Deinstitutionalization refers to the ________.
answer
Process of closing large asylums
question
In the free association technique of psychoanalysis, the ________.
answer
Client says whatever comes to mind at the moment
question
Elena is attending mandatory therapy sessions. Her doctor just wants her to talk about her childhood. What kind of psychotherapeutic orientation does this exemplify?
answer
Psychodynamic psychotherapy
question
Renzo's therapist helps him learn to overcome his fear of dogs through several stages of relaxation techniques. What kind of psychotherapeutic orientation does this exemplify?
answer
Behavior therapy
therapist employs principles of learning to help clients change undesirable
behaviors—rather than digging deeply into one's unconscious.
question
Which therapeutic process involves the use of toys?
answer
Play therapy
question
Rafael is in therapy, and one of his goals is to overcome his pessimistic attitude. His therapist helps him eliminate thought patterns that lead to distress. For example, he helps Rafael learn to
not overgeneralize his likelihood of failing his sociology class based on doing poorly on his first exam. What kind of psychotherapeutic orientation does this exemplify?
answer
Cognitive therapy
question
In order to overcome an eating disorder, Sevilla's therapist works to change her cognitive distortions and self-defeating behaviors by helping her learn to identify such behaviors. What kind of psychotherapeutic orientation does this exemplify?
answer
Cognitive-behavioral therapy
focuses on cognitive processes and problem behaviors. The treatment of insomnia likely would include stress management techniques and changes in problematic behaviors that could contribute to insomnia helps clients examine how their thoughts affect their behavior. It aims to change cognitive distortions and self-defeating behaviors. In essence, this approach is designed to change the way people think as well as how they act
question
Harlow is eight years old. She sees Dr. Gardener every Friday at 11:00 a.m. Their sessions involve Dr. Gardener watching Harlow interact with stuffed animals and other toys. What kind of psychotherapeutic orientation does this exemplify?
answer
Play therapy
question
Dr. Banner wants his clients to learn to articulate thoughts that keep them from achieving their goals. Therefore, Dr. Banner increases their self-awareness by focusing on their conscious thoughts. What kind of psychotherapeutic orientation is he using?
answer
Humanistic therapy
is to help people become more self-aware and accepting of themselves. In contrast to psychoanalysis, humanistic therapists focus on conscious rather than unconscious thoughts. They also emphasize the patient's present and future, as opposed to exploring the patient's past
question
On the advice of her therapist, Thora decides to treat her fear of heights by exposing herself to heights using a stimulus hierarchy. Which form of therapy is she using?
answer
Systematic desensitization
desensitization= make less sensitive
form of exposure therapy used to treat phobias and anxiety disorders by exposing a person to the feared object or situation through a stimulus hierarchy
question
Patients at Manderly Psychiatric Center are rewarded with chips when they engage in positive behaviors such as socializing with other patients. They can later exchange the chips for privileges, like extra TV time. This is an example of ________.
answer
Token economy
question
According to research, how does the public view children and teens with mental health disorders?
answer
Over 1,300 U.S. adults believe children with depression are prone to violence
question
What does research show regarding race and ethnic differences in those who receive mental health services?
answer
Ethnic minorities tend to utilize mental health services less frequently tdhan White, middle-class Americans.
question
Marlena tells her therapist that she often feels helpless and unable to accomplish her goals. Her therapist responds by acknowledging her feelings, restating what she has told him, and clarifying the feelings behind what Marlena is expressing. What aspect of client-centered therapy is this?
answer
Active listening
question
Dr. Duncan is a therapist who works with men accused of domestic violence. Although it is difficult, she does her best to be non-judgmental during therapy sessions. Which aspect of client-centered therapy is this?
answer
Unconditional positive regard
question
________ can increase the risk of obesity and diabetes as well as elevate cholesterol levels; it can also cause constipation, dry mouth, blurred vision, drowsiness, and dizziness.
answer
Atypical antipsychotics
question
The use of ________ can result in decreased appetite, difficulty sleeping, stomachache, and headache.
answer
stimulants
question
Paxil, Prozac, and Zoloft are examples of ________.
answer
Antidepressants
question
Which of the following is a drug that can be used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)?
answer
Aderall
question
Dr. Bronson treats anxiety disorders with Xanax, which exemplifies ________ therapy.
answer
Biomedical
question
Which of the following is a benefit of group therapy?
answer
It can decrease a client's shame and isolation about a problem
question
Breach of confidentiality is a greater risk in ________ therapy.
answer
Group
question
A school counselor leads a support group for children whose parents have AIDS. The counselor focuses on defining AIDS, discussing treatment and side effects of treatment, and how the children can develop coping mechanisms. This exemplifies ________.
answer
Psycho-educational treatment
question
The primary therapeutic orientation used in couples counseling is ________.
answer
Cognitive-behavioral therapy
question
Dr. Xavier encourages his client to relax and say whatever comes to mind at the moment. Dr. Xavier is using ________ to treat his client.
answer
Free association
question
Stavros is arrested for drunk driving. His prison sentence includes attending therapy sessions to treat alcohol addiction. He doesn't want to attend these sessions, but his sentence will be extended if he doesn't attend them. What kind of treatment does this describe?
answer
Involuntary
question
Statistics show that ________ of homeless adults living in shelters experience mental illness.
answer
26%
question
Lexi cannot control her impulses to pull out her hair. Her friend Paul suggests that she see a therapist and Lexi agrees. She gets a referral from her primary care physician for a therapist and begins seeing Dr. Clark four times a month. What kind of treatment does this describe?
answer
Voluntary
question
According to the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA), in 2008, ________ of adults received treatment for a mental health issue.
answer
13.4%
question
According to the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, ________ of U.S. adults experienced mental illness in 2012.
answer
19%
question
Which principle underlies cognitive therapy?
answer
How you think determines how you feel.
question
Carl Rogers called his therapeutic orientation client-centered therapy because he thought the term "patient" ________.
answer
Suggested the person seeking help was sick and looking for a cure
question
Anti-anxiety agents work by ________.
answer
Depressing central nervous system activity
question
What is the emphasis in humanistic therapy?
answer
Client's present and future
question
A psychological disorder is a ________.
answer
condition characterized by abnormal thoughts, feelings, and behaviors
question
Which classification system is used by most mental health professionals in the United States of America?
answer
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
question
People with ________ disorders experience thoughts and urges that are intrusive and unwanted and/or the need to engage in repetitive behaviors or mental acts.
answer
obsessive-compulsive
question
Which psychological disorder is characterized by major disturbances in thought, perception, and behavior?
answer
schizophrenia
question
Donna exhibits two separate personalities, each well-defined and distinct from one another, so Dr. Paulson diagnosed Donna with ________ disorder.
answer
dissociative identity
question
Miguel worries excessively about things beyond his control, and his worries often interfere with his life. He avoids driving because he worries about car accidents. He calls his parents twice a day because he worries they are dead. He checks his credit card statement three times a day because he worries about identity theft. Miguel probably suffers from ________.
answer
generalized anxiety disorder
question
Exhibiting a personality that ________ is a common characteristic of all personality disorders.
answer
differs markedly from the expectations of one's culture
question
What do obsessive-compulsive disorder, body dysmorphic disorder, and hoarding disorder have in common?
answer
repetitive thoughts and urges, as well as an uncontrollable need to engage in repetitive behavior and mental acts
question
During the therapist's first meeting with the client, called ________, the therapist gathers specific information to address the client's immediate needs.
answer
intake
question
Which term refers to the fact that the therapist cannot disclose private communications to any third party unless mandated or permitted by law to do so?
answer
confidentiality
question
Which kind of therapy involves a therapeutic orientation that employs principles of learning to help clients change undesirable behaviors?
answer
behavior
question
In medieval times, abnormal behaviors were viewed as a sign that a person was ________.
answer
possessed by demons
question
Who led the reform efforts for mental health care in the United States?
answer
Dorothea Dix
question
Rafael is in therapy, and one of his goals is to overcome his pessimistic attitude. His therapist helps him eliminate thought patterns that lead to distress. For example, he helps Rafael learn to not overgeneralize his likelihood of failing his sociology class based on doing poorly on his first exam. What kind of psychotherapeutic orientation does this exemplify?
answer
cognitive therapy
question
Electroconvulsive therapy is effective in alleviating symptoms for people with ________.
answer
severe depression who have not responded to traditional drug therapy
question
What did a 2006 special report by the Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS) suggest about the amount of mental illness in the criminal justice system?
answer
People with mental illnesses are overrepresented in probation and parole populations.
question
What does research suggest about the comparative effectiveness of psychotherapeutic techniques?
answer
No studies have found one psychotherapeutic approach more effective than another.
question
Cultural competence is a therapist's understanding of, and attention to, ________.
answer
race, culture, and ethnicity in providing treatment
question
Which of the following explains why most psychiatric hospitals emphasize short-term care?
answer
Due to the very high cost of psychiatric hospitalization, insurance coverage often limits the length of time one can be hospitalized.
question
Lana is late for dinner with her parents. They don't care, but she thinks this is a catastrophe- an inaccurate view of the situation that leads her to feel bad about herself. In this example, what represents the cognitive distortion?
answer
Lana thinking that being late for dinner is a catastrophe
question
Kaz wants to stop biting his nails, so he rubs a strong bitter paste under his nails to make his nails taste bad. What technique is Kaz using to stop biting his nails?
answer
aversive conditioning
question
What often happened to patients in the early years of using electroshock therapy?
answer
broke their backs
question
________ have over 85% of the l,669 federally designated mental health professional shortage areas.
answer
rural areas
question
What should be changed to make the following sentence true? In aversion therapy, a therapist seeks to treat clients' fears or anxiety by presenting them with the object or situation that causes their problem, with the idea that they will eventually get used to it.
answer
The word "aversion" should be changed to the word "exposure."
question
Jarl makes several minor mistakes during his conversational French class. Instead of thinking, "everyone makes mistakes sometimes," he thinks, "I am so stupid." What kind of cognitive distortion is this?
answer
overgeneralization
someone takes a small situation and makes it huge—for example, instead of saying, "This particular woman was not interested in me," the man says, "I am ugly, a loser, and no one is ever going to be interested in me."
question
What should be changed to make the following sentence true? Evidence-based practice in psychology is the integration of the best available research with clinical expertise in the context of therapist characteristics, culture, and preferences.
answer
The word "therapist" should be changed to the word "client."
question
Which mental disorder is least likely to be treated in children 8-15 years old?
answer
anxiety disorder
question
Which institutional setting replaced asylums in caring for the mentally ill?
answer
psychiatric hospitals
question
For Burt, who has claustrophobia, a small dark room creates a small amount of fear, a stairwell creates a bit more fear, and an elevator creates the most fear. Burt's therapist induces deep relaxation and asks him to imagine a small dark room. Gradually, they will work up to having Burt imagine being in an elevator. What aspect of exposure therapy is this?
answer
stimulus hierarchy
question
Svetlana admires her boss, Helga. One day Helga forgets her briefcase and Svetlana loses all admiration for Helga. Svetlana thinks that a boss is either always perfect or not worthy of admiration. What kind of cognitive distortion is this?
answer
all-or-nothing thinking
everything is black or white she's either perfect or nah
question
Grace is talking with her wife, Myanna. Myanna starts crying, and Grace immediately assumes that Myanna wants a divorce. What kind of cognitive distortion is this?
answer
jumping to conclusions
assuming that people are thinking negatively about you or reacting negatively to you, even though there is no evidence
question
How long does psychoanalysis typically take?
answer
years
question
What should be changed to make the following sentence true? Carl Rogers believed most of our psychological problems are the result of repressed impulses and trauma experienced in childhood, and he believed psychoanalysis would help uncover long-buried feelings.
answer
"Carl Rogers" --> "Sigmund Freud"
question
Which of the following statements about psychoanalysis is false?
answer
It was the dominant form of therapy in the 19th century
question
Which principle underlies the effectiveness of systematic desensitization?
answer
You can't be nervous and relaxed at the same time.
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