Mastering Biology Chapter 8 And 10, Part 1

The graph presents three activation energy profiles for a chemical reaction (the hydrolysis of sucrose): an uncatalyzed reaction, and the same reaction catalyzed by two different enzymes. As the reaction progresses, energy rises and reaches the activation energy, then decreases to a value lower than in initial state. The activation energy for the uncatalyzed reaction is the greatest, for the reaction catalyzed by enzyme A it is lower, and the activation energy for the reaction catalyzed by enzyme B is the lowest. Rank these by reaction rate, as measured by the rate of product formation per unit time, from lowest reaction rate to highest reaction rate. To rank items as equivalent, overlap them.

Complete this vocabulary exercise relating to enzymes. Match the words in the left-hand column to the appropriate blank in the sentences in the right-hand column.

Identifying the highest energy form of adenosine. Select the highest energy form of adenosine from the following images.

Which part of the adenosine triphosphate molecule is released when it is hydrolyzed to provide energy for biological reactions?

Which of these phosphorylates ADP to make ATP?

_____ releases energy that is used to pump hydrogen ions from the stroma into the thylakoid compartment.

_____ splits water into 1/2 O2, H+, and e- .

Energized electrons from ____ enter an electron transport chain and are then used to reduce NADP+.

Chlorophyll can be found in _____.

Which of the following statements is most likely to be true in the case of the feedback-regulated enzymatic pathway shown?

Which of the following is a statement of the first law of thermodynamics?

_____ has a longer wavelength than _____.

In general, enzymes are what kinds of molecules?

Enzymes work by _____.

An enzyme _____.

What name is given to the reactants in an enzymatically catalyzed reaction?

As a result of its involvement in a reaction, an enzyme _____.

What is the correct label for "A"? (How Enzymes Work, Reactants and Products)

Which term describes ATP production resulting from the capture of light energy by chlorophyll?

True or false? The chemiosmotic hypothesis states that the synthesis of ATP generates a proton gradient that leads to electron flow through an electron transport chain.

According to the chemiosmotic hypothesis, what provides the energy that directly drives ATP synthesis?

Which of the following particles can pass through the ATP synthase channel?

True or false? The region of ATP synthase that catalyzes the production of ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate spans the chloroplast membrane.

Chloroplast membrane vesicles are equilibrated in a simple solution of pH 5‎ . The solution is then adjusted to pH 8‎ . Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from these experimental conditions?

The process of cellular respiration, which converts simple sugars such as glucose into CO2 and water, is an example of _____.

Which of the following would be unlikely to contribute to the substrate specificity of an enzyme?

In this reaction _____. 1. CD is a product 2. AC is a reactant 3. the products have been rearranged to form reactants 4. entropy has decreased 5. the products have less potential energy than the reactants

In this reaction _______. 1. the chemical energy of the products is greater than that of the reactants 2. entropy has decreased 3. heat has been released to the environment 4. disorder has decreased 5. the kinetic energy of the reactants is less than that of the products

The following reaction A --> B + C + heat is a(n) _____ reaction. 1. exchange 2. exergonic 3. anabolic 4. endergonic 5. dehydration synthesis

A(n) _____ reaction occurs spontaneously. 1. anabolic 2. chemical 3. exergonic 4. endergonic 5. kinetic

Which of these reactions requires a net input of energy from its surroundings? 1. catabolic 2. exergonic 3. hydrolysis 4. ATP --> ADP + P 5. endergonic