GOVT CH. 11

21 February 2024
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the election of Democrat Donna Howard to the Texas House of Representatives by four votes in 2010 demonstrates
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that votes matter
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reasons for low voter turnout in Texas include
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only caring about selfish needs
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some observers of Texas politics argue that potential voters feel discouraged by perceived insulation of elected officials and believe that the real brokers of politics and public policy in Texas are
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interest groups and campaign donors
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in the most basic sense, elections serve to
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make government legitimate and assure popular support for those who make decisions
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though elections provide broad statements of the voters' expectations,
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they seldom speak about specific programs
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elections enable voters to replace public officials or force officeholders to
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change their policies
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in a democracy, elections enable individuals to
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control their leaders and provide judgment on past actions
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the role of elections in holding public officials accountable depends on several assumptions, including......
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a sizable segment of the population being politically informed
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unwritten rules about elections in Texas's political culture include an expectation that
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candidate will shake hands after elections are done
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what is the effect of dividing election cycles so that state and local elections are separate?
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voters fatigue increases due to disinterest in participating in so many elections
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primary elections in Texas
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require candidates to receive a majority of votes to win
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some students of Texas politics argue that the nature of the state's primary delayed the development of the two-party system by...
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encouraging republicans to vote for conservative candidates in Democratic primaries, leading to general election featuring two conservative candidates
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why have minority groups such as hispanics and african american criticized the current primary system in Texas?
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They argue that the absolute majority requirement discriminates against their candidates.
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for ideological reasons, primaries can result in an unbalanced ticket that has limited appeal in a general election and essentially produces a weak candidate. How is this possible?
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expensive primary battles can leave the victor underfunded for the general election.
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which of the following is true about contemporary primary elections in Texas?
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voters tend to be more ideological than the general public
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which of the following is true about voter turnout in Texas?
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voter turnout is generally higher in presidential elections than in other elections
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the......is responsible for the administration and costs of the general election in November
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county
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recent legislation allows a local government to call off an election if
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no offices are contested
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low levels of turnout in special elections
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offer an opportunity for special interest groups to get favorable provisions approved with little public scrutiny
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early voting in Texas makes it possible for a person to vote early
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without having to state a reason
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ways in which texas has historically discriminated against minorities in elections include
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restrictive voter registration laws
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what brought about the legislature's adoption of the poll tax in 1904?
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the increasing influence of the populist movements and the threat it posed to the democrats
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the ruling reached by the US Supreme Court in Smith v. Allwright...
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brought to an end the white primary by declaring it unconstitutional
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During the Vietnam war, many people believed that if individuals who were required to comply with the draft and risk death should no longer be denied the right to vote. this movement culminated with the ....
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lowering of the voting age to 18
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after some of the most obvious practices (eg the white primary) that discriminated against minorities in Texas elections were eliminated, minority representation was still minimized through...
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racial gerrymandering
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the 1965 Voting Right Act, which was extended to Texas in 1975, allows....
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minority coalitions to dispute state and local election systems in court
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who opposed the motor voter registration law passed by the US Congress in 1993?
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The Republicans opposed it, fearing that it would benefit the Democratic Party
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Texas's voter identification law....
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was supported by Republicans, who argued it would reduce voter fraud
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Hispanic political clout in Texas...
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is growing, as shown by the 450 percent increase in Hispanic elected officials from 1974 to 2011
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by today's standards, political campaigns through the 1950s were
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amateurish and unsophisicated
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contemporary local, state, and national campaigns increasingly rely on.......
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professional campaign consultants
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what is the purpose of a benchmark survey?
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it is used to assess public opinion relating to teh office the candidate seeks
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tracking surveys are
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used to help campaigns analyze shifts in attitudes, perceptions, and support for candidates during campaigns
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focus groups help media consultants decide which political ads to use by....
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assessing how small groups with specific demographic characteristics respond to ads
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what is the primary purpose of a campaign in dividing voters by segmenting the population?
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it allows a campaign to target its message to small, well-defined populations
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in the past few decades increased use of the mass media in political campaigns has come at the expense of .... campaigning
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grassroots
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uncontrolled media may be more valuable to political candidates than controlled media because
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it is often viewed as being more objective by the public
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knowing that people like to receive mail, the direct mail business has become a major took in
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campaign fund-raising and persuasion
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Why have political campaigns become more expensive in recent decades in Texas?
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candidates have increased their reliance on electronic media and campaign consultants
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how does Texas differ from the federal government with regard to campaign contribution?
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unlike the federal government, Texas places no limit on the amount of money a person or PAC can contribute to most political candidates.