Chapter 12-12.7

Which of the following is not a function of the nervous system?

The ________ nervous system is composed of the brain and spinal cord.

The ________ nervous system controls the skeletal muscles.

The part of the peripheral nervous system that carries sensory information to the CNS is designated

The efferent division of the peripheral nervous system innervates ________ cells.

The axoplasm of the axon contains which of the following?

Which of the following is not a recognized structural classification for neurons?

The most abundant class of neuron in the central nervous system is

The cytoplasm that surrounds the nucleus of a neuron is called the

Clusters of RER and free ribosomes in neurons are called

The axon is connected to the soma at the

Branches that may occur along an axon are called

Axons terminate in a series of fine extensions known as

Neurotransmitters ready for release are stored in synaptic

The site of intercellular communication between a neuron and another cell is the

The rabies virus travels to the CNS via

Neurons that are rare, small, and lack features that distinguish dendrites from axons are called

Neurons in which dendritic and axonal processes are continuous and the soma lies off to one side are called

Neurons that have one axon and one dendrite, with the soma in between, are called

Neurons that have several dendrites and a single axon are called

Sensory neurons of the PNS are

Which of the following activities or sensations is/are not monitored by interoceptors?

________ neurons are small and have no anatomical features that distinguish dendrites from axons.

________ neurons are short, with a cell body between dendrite and axon, and occur in special sense organs.

In a(n) ________ neuron, the dendrites and axon are continuous or fused.

________ neurons are the most common structural class in the CNS.

________ neurons form the afferent division of the PNS.

________ are the most numerous type of neuron in the CNS.

Most CNS neurons lack centrioles. This observation explains

How does blocking retrograde axoplasmic transport in an axon affect the activity of a neuron?

Deteriorating changes in the distal segment of an axon as a result of a break between it and the soma is called ________ degeneration.

Which of the following is not a function of the neuroglia?

Which of the following is a type of glial cell found in the peripheral nervous system?

The largest and most numerous of the glial cells in the central nervous system are the

Functions of astrocytes include all of the following except

________ account for roughly half of the volume of the nervous system.

The function of the astrocytes in the CNS includes which of the following?

The neuroglial cells that participate in maintaining the blood-brain barrier are the

The myelin sheath that covers many CNS axons is formed by

________ line the brain ventricles and spinal canal.

Small, wandering cells that engulf cell debris and pathogens in the CNS are called

The neurilemma of axons in the peripheral nervous system is formed by

Glial cells that surround the neurons in ganglia are

Many medications introduced into the bloodstream cannot directly affect the neurons of the CNS because

Extensive damage to oligodendrocytes in the CNS could result in

Damage to ependymal cells would most likely affect the

When pressure is applied to neural tissue, all of the following effects are possible except

In the peripheral nervous system, Schwann cells participate in the repair of damaged nerves by

After a stroke, what type of glial cell accumulates within the affected brain region?

Which of the following is not true regarding the establishment of a neuron's resting potential?

At the normal resting potential of a typical neuron, its sodium-potassium exchange pump transports

Ion channels that are always open are called ________ channels.

Opening of sodium channels in the axon membrane causes

Voltage-gated channels are present

The sodium-potassium ion exchange pump

Integral membrane proteins that connect electrical synapses are called

The equilibrium potential for potassium ion occurs at approximately

________ open or close in response to binding specific molecules

________ channels open or close in response to physical distortion of the membrane surface.

Any stimulus that opens a ________ ion channel will produce a graded potential.

If the permeability of a resting axon to sodium ion increases,

Which of the following is not involved in creating the resting potential of a neuron?

If the sodium-potassium pumps in the plasma membrane fail to function, all of the following occur except

Graded potentials

When potassium channels open and the ions diffuse through the membrane,

Ions can move across the plasma membrane in which of the following ways?

Raising the potassium ion concentration in the extracellular fluid surrounding a nerve cell will have what effect?

Voltage-gated sodium channels have both an activation gate and a(n) ________ gate.

If acetylcholine (ACh) causes inhibition of a postsynaptic neuron, to what type of membrane channel did the ACh bind?

A stimulus that changes a postsynaptic neuron's membrane from resting potential to -85 mV is a(n) ________ stimulus.

If the axolemma becomes more permeable to potassium ion,

The following are the main steps in the generation of an action potential. 1. Sodium channels are inactivated. 2. Voltage-gated potassium channels open and potassium moves out of the cell, initiating repolarization. 3. Sodium channels regain their normal properties. 4. A graded depolarization brings an area of an excitable membrane to threshold. 5. A temporary hyperpolarization occurs. 6. Sodium channel activation occurs. 7. Sodium ions enter the cell and depolarization occurs.

The all-or-none principle states that

The same ________ can have different effects depending on the properties of the ________.

Which of the following statements about the action potential is false?

How would the absolute refractory period be affected if voltage-regulated sodium channels failed to inactivate?

During repolarization of a neuron

How would a chemical that prevents the opening of voltage-regulated Na+ channels affect the function of a neuron?

A threshold stimulus is the

Which of the following is true about threshold for an action potential?

Puffer fish poison blocks voltage-gated sodium channels like a cork. What effect would this neurotoxin have on the function of neurons?

Rapid impulse conduction from "node" to "node" is called

Which of the following does not influence the time necessary for a nerve impulse to be transmitted?

Which of the following types of nerve fiber possesses the fastest speed of impulse propagation?

Type ________ fibers have the largest diameter axons.

Sensory information from skeletal muscles travels over ________ fibers.

In which of the following would the rate of impulse conduction be the greatest?

A neuron that receives neurotransmitter from another neuron is called

Which type of synapse is most common in the nervous system?

The ion that triggers the release of acetylcholine into the synaptic cleft is

Cholinergic synapses release the neurotransmitter

The following are the steps involved in transmission at a cholinergic synapse. What is the correct sequence for these events? 1. Chemically-gated sodium channels on the postsynaptic membrane are activated. 2. Calcium ions enter the synaptic terminal. 3. Acetylcholinesterase hydrolyzes acetylcholine. 4. An action potential depolarizes the synaptic terminal at the presynaptic membrane. 5. The pre-synaptic terminal reabsorbs choline. 6. Acetylcholine is released from storage vesicles by exocytosis. 7. Acetylcholine binds to receptors on the postsynaptic membrane. 8. Calcium ions are removed from the cytoplasm of the pre- synaptic terminal.

If the chemically gated sodium channels in the postsynaptic membrane were completely blocked,

The effect that a neurotransmitter has on the postsynaptic membrane depends on the

When cholinergic receptors are stimulated,

If the axon terminal of a motor neuron suddenly became permeable to calcium ion,

Each of the following is an example of a synapse between neurons and effector cells except the junction between a neuron and a(n)

What triggers the release of acetylcholine from a synaptic terminal?