CHAPTER 11

The result of the following cross indicates the orange eyes are _____ black eyes.

If B represents the allele for black eyes (dominant) and b represents the allele for orange eyes (recessive), what would be the genotypic ratio of a cross between a heterozygous black-eyed MendAlien and an orange-eyed MendAlien?

If B represents the allele for black eyes (dominant) and b represents the allele for orange eyes (recessive), what would be the phenotypic ratio of a cross between a heterozygous black-eyed MendAlien and an orange-eyed MendAlien?

The result of the following cross indicates that the genotype of the female parent is _____.

The result of the following cross indicates that the genotype of the male parent is _____.

The result of the following cross indicates that genotypically the offspring _____.

Which of these is a testcross?

That each gamete contains a single allele of the eye color gene is an illustration of _____.

How could the botanist best determine whether the genotype of the green-pod plant is homozygous or heterozygous?

Suppose that the botanist carried out the test cross described in Parts A and B and determined that the original green-pod plant was heterozygous (Gg). Which of Mendel's findings does her test cross illustrate?

During which part of meiosis (meiosis I or meiosis II) do the two alleles of a gene separate? During which phase does the separation occur?

Which of the following statements apply to the variation in human skin color?

Which of the following statements accurately describes melanin's function?

Darker skin is more prevalent in high-UV areas. Dr. Nina Jablonski proposed a hypothesis to explain the selective pressure for darker skin in these environments. On what evidence did she base this hypothesis?

Human populations in low-UV environments tend to have more lightly pigmented skin. One explanation is that the selective pressure for dark skin decreases as UV intensity decreases. At the same time there is selection for lighter skin to absorb more UV radiation, which is needed for vitamin D production. What evidence supports the vitamin D hypothesis for the evolution of lighter skin tones?

Based on the risk factors discussed in the video, which of the following groups would be most likely to develop the bone disease rickets?

In what way does natural selection depend on the specific environment in which an organism lives?

How many variables should there be in a well-designed experiment?

What was an important limitation in the experiments shown in the video?

In the essay, the point is made that perhaps the environment of the children has already guided their preferences in toys BEFORE the experiment was conducted. Given the choices below, what is the earliest age at which environment could potentially shape the preferences of a child?

Fraternal twins share _____ of the same genes, while identical twins share _____ of the same genes.

Which of the following experiments would provide the best data for determining the effect of environment?

Which of the following experiments would provide the best data for determining the effect of genetics?

In the essay, the point is made that the right questions must be asked when designing an experiment that measures how genetics and environment "shape who we are." Which of the following measurements is probably the least valuable in such an experiment?

A scientist discovers a DNA-based test for one allele of a particular gene. This and only this allele, if homozygous, produces an effect that results in death at or about the time of birth. Which of the following statements describes the best use of this discovery?

Use the following pedigree (the figure) for a family in which dark-shaded symbols represent individuals with one of the two major types of colon cancer. Numbers under the symbols are the individual's age at the time of diagnosis. A slash through the symbol indicates that the individual is deceased. The affected woman in generation IV is thinking about her future and asks her oncologist (cancer specialist) whether she can know whether any or all of her children will have a high risk of the same cancer. The doctor would be expected to advise which of the following: (I) genetic counseling; (II) prenatal diagnosis when/if she becomes pregnant; (III) testing to see whether she has the allele; (IV) testing to see whether her future spouse or partner has the allele?