Programming Fundamentals 1 Final Exam

An array is a(n) ____ of values in computer memory.

Array elements all have the same ____ in common.

The number of elements in an array is called the ____ of the array.

A(n) ____ is another name for a subscript.

All array elements have the same group ____.

In all languages, subscript values must be sequential ____.

Suppose that you have declared a numeric array named numbers, and two of its elements are numbers[1] and numbers[5]. You know that ____.

A program contains an array that holds all the names of the days of the week. Which of the following is true?

Providing array values is sometimes called ____.

An array can be used to replace ____.

The true benefit of using an array lies in your ability to use a ____ as a subscript to the array.

Named ____ hold values that do not change during a program's execution.

Besides making your code easier to modify, using a ____ makes the code easier to understand.

One advantage to using a named constant is that the statement becomes ____.

When you search through a list from one end to the other, you are performing a ____.

If you declare a variable to be Boolean, you can set its value to ____.

Which statement is true of arrays?

A ____ relates parallel arrays.

Parallel arrays are most useful when value pairs have a(n) ____ relationship.

A ____ search starts looking in the middle of a sorted list, and then determines whether it should continue higher or lower.

To search an array for a(n) ____ match, you can store either the highest or lowest value of each range for comparison.

Every array has a(n) ____ size.

The number of bytes in an array is always a multiple of the number of ____ in an array.

In every programming language, when you access data stored in an array, you must use a ____ containing a value that accesses memory occupied by the array.

When a subscript is not within the range of acceptable subscripts, it is said to be ____.

When you write a program that stores a value in a variable, you are using ____ storage.

____ storage is not lost when a computer loses power.

Files exist on ____ storage devices, such as hard disks, DVDs, USB drives, and reels of magnetic tape.

A ____ is a collection of data stored on a nonvolatile device in a computer system.

Directories and ____ are organization units on storage devices.

The combination of the disk drive plus the complete hierarchy of directories in which a file resides is its ____.

____ is the more general term for an entity that organizes files.

Characters are made up of smaller elements called ____.

____ are groups of fields that go together for some logical reason.

A database holds groups of files or ____ that together serve the information needs of an organization.

In most programming languages, before an application can use a data file, it must ____.

When you copy data from a file on a storage device into RAM, you ____ from the file.

When a program uses a ____, it reads all the records in the file from beginning to end, processing them one at a time.

When you ____ a file, it is no longer available to your application.

A ____ is a copy that is kept in case values need to be restored to their original state.

A ____ is a temporary detour in the logic of a program.

To generate a control break report, your input records must be organized in ____ order based on the field that will cause the breaks.

A ____ break is a break in the logic of the program that is based on the value of a single variable.

____ files involves combining two or more files while maintaining the sequential order.

When the records in a file are sorted in order from lowest to highest values, the records are in ____ order.

The ____ file holds temporary data that is used to update the master file.

The saved version of a master file is the ____ file; the updated version is the child file.

____ is processing that involves performing the same tasks with many records, one after the other.

____ applications require that a record be accessed immediately while a client is waiting.

Because they enable you to locate a particular record directly (without reading all of the preceding records), random access files are also called ____ files.