Marketing Chp 15: Supply chain

Marketing channel management; value chain, demand chain. Only real value of a product is what we are willing to give. -Refers to a set of approaches and techniques firms employ to efficiently and effectively integrate their suppliers, manufactures, warehouses, stares, and transportation intermediaries into seamless value chain in which merchandise is produced and distributed in the right quantities, to the right locations, and at the right time as well as to minimize systemwide costs while satisfying the service levels their customers require.

Supply chain management -refers to a set of approaches and techniques firms employ to efficiently and effectively integrate their suppliers.

Those firms engaged in buying, taking title to, often storing, and physically handling goods in large quantities, then reselling the goods (usually in smaller quantities) to retailers or industrial or business users

sells directly, mainly to final consumers.

Facilitates sale between mfg and others. Does not take title.

A set of interdependent organizations that eases the transfer of ownership as products move from producer to business user or consumer. -Add value and can affects other aspect of marketing ie sales, distribution. -INTERMEDIARY: less transaction -MIDDLEMEN: check overall process

A facility for the receipt, storage, and redistribution of goods to company stores or customers; maybe operated by retailers, manufacturers, or distribution specialists.

-Fulfilling delivery promises -Meeting customer expectations: we just want to buy what's there -Reliant on an efficient supply chain

The manufacturer sells directly to the buyer -local -service oriented -shorter intermediaries: Complex, expensive, customized items, many B2B products

when one more intermediaries work with manufacturers to provide goods and services to customers. -Expand business -mass merchandise -Longer intermediaries: Low cost, standard items, most consumer products

The cutting out of marketing channel intermediaries by product or service producers or the displacement of traditional resellers by radical new types of intermediaries: TECHNOLOGY -Regardless, still need to be performed by someone

-Market characteristics: Size, geographic dispersion, buying patterns. -Product factors: Complexity, cost, ease of movement -Company (mfg) factors: Size, desire for control, diversity in consumers/retailers. Factors in deciding________

-Intensive: Convenience goods, many, Coke -Selective: Shopping and specialty goods, several, Umano -Exclusive: specialty goods, one, testila

Convenience goods, many, Coke

Shopping and specialty goods, several, Umano

specialty goods, one, Tesla

Between two firms doing business together -Mutual trust -Open Communications -Common Goals -Interdependence -Credible Commitments

Walmart mastered -Customer to store: UPC code -Store to buyer: Data exchange -Buyer to manufacturer: Purchase/product info -Store to manufacturer: communicate needs for product -Store to distribution center: what will be shipped -Manufacturer to distribution center and buyer: Advance shipping notice (ASN)

UPC The black-and-white bar code found on most merchandise

ASN An electronic document that the supplier sends the retailer in advance of a shipment to tell the retailer exactly what to expect in the shipment

EDI The computer-to-computer exchange of business documents from a retailer to a vendor and back -Cycle time -Quality of communications -Easily analyzed and used

VMI An approach for improving supply chain efficiency in which the manufacturer is responsible for maintaining the retailer's inventory levels in each of its stores -Meet intimidate demand -Reduce cost

Traditional, forecast sell. Designed to increase demand by motivating sellers (wholesalers, distributors, or salespeople) to highlight the product, rather than the products of competitors, and thereby push the product onto competitor. -Good for steady demand items. (milk egg) -Does not need sophisticated IS system People use both push and pull

Designed to get consumers to pull the product into the supply chain by demanding it. • Orders based on sales data • More accurate inventory • Better when demand is uncertain -Cons: Costly, less flexibility to adjust demand. People use both push and pull

Consider cost -More accurate sales forecasts are possible when retailers combine forecasts for many stores. -Less merchandise in store -Avoid running out of stock -More space in distribution center

is its own component, movement of products. Ex. UPS educated public on its logistic, includes its global flat form, UPS song.

-Management of inbound transportation: getting product + who pays for expense. -Receiving and checking using UPC and RFID: benefits from knowing where product is. -Storing and Cross‐Docking -Getting Merchandise Floor Ready: (ready to be place on selling floor) ticketing and marking -Preparing to ship -Shipping to store: complex for multi‐store chains, Distribution centers use sophisticated routing and scheduling systems

In a retailing context, employees who are responsible for the financial planning and analysis of merchandise, and its allocation to stores

the process of recording the receipt of merchandise as it arrives at a distribution center or store

the process of going through the goods upon receipt to make sure they arrived undamaged and that the merchandise ordered was the merchandise received.

RFID Tiny computer chips that automatically transmit to a special scanner all the information about a container's content or individual products

Operations in a warehouse which involve moving goods between different trucks without intermediate storage.

A document or display on a screen in a forklift truck indicating how much each item to get from specific storage areas

Creating price and identification labels and placing them on the merchandise -Increasingly firms are forcing suppliers to ship floor ready merchandise

an inventory management system used in retailing; merchandise is received just in time for sale when the customer wants it

JIT - Pull Inventory management system designed to deliver less merchandise on a more frequent basis than traditional inventory systems; the firm gets the merchandise "just in time" for it to be used in the manufacture of another product, in the case of parts or components, or for sale when the customer wants it, in the case of consumer goods. Also known as quick response system

-Reduced lead time -Increased product availability and lower inventory investment

• Dispatcher coordinates deliveries • Manufacturer may pay transportation expenses or retailers may negotiate directly with trucking companies and pay expenses

a situation that occurs when sales of a new product cut into sales of a firm's existing products -Aim at new segment but hit old segment

The point-of-sale (POS) terminal records the purchase information and electronically sends it to the corporate office. The correct answer is: POS terminal

"Floor-ready" refers to merchandise that has already been ticketed and marked with price and identification labels. The correct answer is: floor-ready

A corporate vertical marketing system is one in which all members of the marketing channel are part of the same corporation, which helps to coordinate efforts and minimize conflict. The correct answer is: participants—such as warehouses, transportation companies, and retail outlets—are typically owned by a parent company to ensure harmonious relations throughout the supply chain.

franchise

Cross-docking refers to items that are received prepackaged for individual stores. For this reason, relatively little processing is required at the distribution center, and merchandise can move on to its destination quickly. The correct answer is: cross-docking

pick ticket

A vertical marketing system is a supply chain in which the members act as a unified system, and there are three types: administered, contractual, and corporate. The correct answer is: vertical marketing system

Before going out onto a sales floor, merchandise must be ticketed and marked—in other words, price and identification labels must be created and attached. This time-consuming job is better suited to a distribution center than to a retail store with little behind-the-scenes space for such activities. The correct answer is: inefficient and expensive.

Place is an important component of marketing, but because it is not as visible as product, price, and promotion, it is sometimes overlooked. The correct answer is: it happens behind the scenes.