Ethics Chapter 1-4

An ethical theory is a systematic exposition of a particular view about what is the nature and basis of good or right.

The Golden Rule is followed by most of the world's major religions.

Metaethics is largely about studying

Civil disobedience assumes it is permissible to violate a law that goes against your conscience.

The following is an example of normative ethics: "Capital punishment is wrong because it is wrong to directly take a human life."

Ethics is that branch of philosophy that is concerned with how we ought to live, with the idea of the good, and with the meaning of such concepts as right and wrong.

Which approach is aimed at finding common ground between world religions and cultural traditions?

The reasons supporting a conclusion in an argument are called

Which of the following in not a reason given for developing our natural moral reasoning skills?

According to the "divine command" theory of ethics, certain actions are right because God wills them for us. We therefore have a duty to find out exactly what God wills and distinguish it from what is merely a fallible human wish or interpretation of what God's will might be.

According to the text, one reason why we study ethics is to see whether we can justify the beliefs we already hold.

The Divine Command Theory states that certain actions are sins, based on their moral and ethical value.

Which amendment of the US Constitution proclaims religious liberty?

Secular ethics are only for atheists.

Ethics requires skillful reasoning. Which of the following is not important to making a good argument?

The difference between teleological and deontological is that

Philosophical ethics is necessarily incompatible with religious conviction.

The concept of a single moral community that is not bound to cultural or religious traditions is known as cosmopolitanism.

While emotions or feelings may play some role in moral considerations, in an Ethics course one is also expected to give reasons for one's moral judgments.

The paradox of toleration is no longer relevant to today's global culture.

If people disagree about some moral matter, their disagreement will always be due to their having different moral values.

Weak forms of ethical relativism hold that there are objective moral principles, even though they will need to be applied differently in different contexts.

If two people have the same moral values, then they will always reach the same conclusions about what is right and wrong.

Strong ethical relativism holds that

According to W.D. Ross, the fact that there are several prima facie duties means

According to Martha Nussbaum, the central capabilities

The belief that what is right in some circumstances is not necessarily right in others cannot be held by ethical objectivists

According to the text, moral skeptics hold that it is difficult or impossible to know what is good or bad, right or wrong.

Strong ethical relativism holds that there is no objective good or bad, right or wrong.

Richard Rorry argues that there is no algorithm to determine precise answers about which beliefs are better than others.

Descriptive relativism necessarily implies metaethical relativism.

Which of the following is not a reason for supporting ethical relativism?

Absolutism is described as the view that

According to individual ethical relativism, I cannot be objectively mistaken in my moral judgments.

Social or cultural relativism holds that what is right is whatever one's society or culture holds to be right.

One reason that people don't always do what is best for them may be weakness of will.

For psychological egoism to be valid, we must show that people

What does Glaucon want to demonstrate by giving two people rings?

Cooperation cannot be explained from an egoistic perspective.​

The ring of Gyges can best be described as which of the following?

One form of psychological egoism asserts that we always try do what we think is in our own best interest.

Social contract theory assumes that human beings are psychological egoists.​

All of the following are used to evaluate ethical egoism except

Ethical egoism is a descriptive theory.​

Adam Smith believed that economic self-interest produces the best general outcome.​

Psychological egoism is a theory that holds that we each ought to do what is in our own best interest.

To say that something is a normative theory is to say that it tells us what we ought to do.

According to psychological egoism people

According to individual ethical egoism one should

Which of the following is NOT an example of ethical egoism?

Ayn Rand believed that egoism was morally wrong

Social contract theory is a form of reciprocal altruism.​

In the story questioning Lincoln's ability to be selfless, Lincoln