Chapter 7

22 August 2022
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Using _____________ is the best way to pull listeners into your speeches
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extended examples
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The more _______ your examples, the greater impact they are likely to have.
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vivid
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Examples are especially helpful as supporting materials because they
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personalize your ideas.
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Your textbook presents each of the following as a tip for using examples in a speech except
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combine examples with causal reasoning.
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Alisha began the introduction of her speech by saying: Have you ever been knocked down so hard by life that you didn't feel you'd ever get back up? This has happened to me many times, the first being when I tried to ride a bicycle when I was very young. Today I want to discuss with you some basic strategies for coping with life's challenges. What kind of supporting material did Alisha use in her introduction?
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brief example
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According to your textbook, an imaginary story that makes a general point is called a(n)
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hypothetical example.
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According to your textbook, an imaginary story that makes a general point is called a(n)
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hypothetical example.
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08. Accomplished speakers consider "the very life of the speech."
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examples
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In a speech about valley fever, a potentially deadly disease that has reached serious proportions in several southwestern states, a speaker said: After being plagued by asthma attacks in Hawaii for six years, Lori Crown hoped to find relief by moving to the dryer climate in Bakersfield, California. A few months after arriving in Bakersfield, Crown was suffering from severe headaches, swollen feet, painful bumps on her hands and legs, and a prolonged fever. The diagnosis—valley fever. To combat the disease, Crown has to take fluconazole, an antifungal drug that costs $685 for a one-month supply of pills. Although the drug helps, Crown still gets painful headaches, frequent fevers, and debilitating fatigue. "It's so frustrating," Crown says. "One day I'll feel fine, then I'll be in bed for the next three." Most days she wishes she had stayed in Hawaii. According to your textbook, what kind of supporting material is used in this statement?
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* b. extended example
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Ryan began his speech by saying: Imagine that you are on a deserted island—palm trees sway in the breeze, the warm sun is on your face, and the smell of tropical flowers is in the air. Suddenly, the sound of distant drums breaks your euphoria. What do you do—panic? What would you do if you found yourself in such a situation? What kind of supporting material did Ryan use in his introduction?
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hypothetical example
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11. Which of the following is recommended by your textbook as a way to enhance the effectiveness of your examples?
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Practice delivery to enhance your extended examples. and Make your examples vivid and richly textured.
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According to your textbook, what kind of supporting material is used in the following speech excerpt: Imagine yourself driving down the freeway on your way to work. You see lights flashing in your rear view mirror. You turn to see the police officer pulling you over. Were you speeding? No, says the officer, but he needs to search your vehicle as part of a new program to stop drug trafficking. Does he have a warrant? He says he doesn't need one. You protest, but the officer carries out his search anyway. The officer finds nothing, but by the time he is done, you are very late for work.
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hypothetical example
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Research indicates that the impact of examples is greatly enhanced when they are combined with that show(s) the examples to be typical.
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statistics
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14. Which of the following statistical measures corresponds to what is popularly called "the average"?
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* b. the mean
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What is the mean in the following set of numbers: 100, 300, 500, 500, 600?
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400
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16. What is the median in the following set of numbers: 200, 300, 500, 600, 600?
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500
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What is the mode in the following set of numbers: 300, 400, 400, 600, 800?
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400
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To say that the mean salary of a major league baseball player is $2.3 million is to say that
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when you average all the salaries paid to major leaguers, the result is $2.3 million.
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To say that the median salary of a major league baseball player is $800,000 is to say that
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when you list all the players' salaries in order, $800,000 is the middle salary.
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20. To say that the mode salary of a major league baseball player is $600,000 is to say that
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more major league baseball players earn $600,000 than any other salary.
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The main value of using statistics in a speech is to
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* e. quantify the speaker's ideas.
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To give statistics greater impact, a speaker should
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* c. avoid using too many statistics.
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To ask if the statistics from a survey are "representative" is to ask if
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the sample group surveyed accurately represents the group about whom a claim is being made.
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According to your textbook, when you use statistics in a speech, you should usually
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round off complicated statistics.
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When using statistics in a speech, you should usually
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avoid using too many statistics.
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Each of the following is mentioned in your textbook as a tip for using statistics except
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avoid using statistics found on the Internet.
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According to your textbook, when evaluating statistics you should ask whether they
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a. are from a reliable source. b. use statistical measures correctly. c. are representative of what they claim to measure. * d. all of the above.
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28. According to your textbook, a good way to clarify statistical trends is to
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* d. use visual aids when presenting statistics.
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How does the following excerpt from a classroom speech violate the guidelines for the use of statistics presented in your textbook? I discovered on the Internet that each year for every 100,000 students living in college dormitories there are 4 cases of bacterial meningitis.
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b. It doesn't state the statistics clearly.
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It doesn't identify the source of statistics.
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How does the following excerpt from a classroom speech violate the guidelines for using statistics presented in your textbook? One magazine reports that U.S. consumers pay more than $300 billion a year on products to cover the manufacturers' liability costs. This amounts to a staggering $4,000 per household. On a specific basis, product liability costs account for $11.50 of every $12 dose of vaccine we give our children, and over $100 of the cost of a football helmet.
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How does the following excerpt from a classroom speech violate the guidelines for supporting materials presented in your textbook? According to a CNN/USA Today poll taken last month, 57.63 percent of those surveyed support legislation to ban the cloning of human beings.
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It doesn't round off statistics.
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The main value of using expert testimony in a speech is to
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build the credibility of speakers who are not experts on their topics.
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According to your textbook, if you quoted Dr. Anthony D'Allesandro, a world-renowned transplant surgeon, on the organ shortage problem, what kind of testimony would you be using?
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expert
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According to your textbook, if you quoted Harvard business professor John B. Matthews on the strengths and weaknesses of U.S. business schools, you would be using testimony.
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expert
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To paraphrase is to
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give the gist of someone's statement in your own words.
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According to your textbook, when presenting testimony in a speech, you should usually paraphrase the testimony, rather than quote it verbatim, if
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the quotation is more than two or three sentences long. b. you need to alter the quotation so it will say what you need to prove your point. c. the wording of the quotation is obscure or cumbersome. d. all of the above.
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To give the gist of someone's statement in your own words is to
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paraphrase
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38. According to your textbook, if you quoted Joy Perkins Newman, a National Institutes of Health researcher, on the causes of adolescent depression, what kind of testimony would you be using?
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expert
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39. Using expert testimony is an excellent way to lend to your speeches.
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credibility
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According to your textbook, if you quoted your cousin about her experience digging for dinosaur bones last summer, you would be using testimony.
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peer
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In her speech about spouse abuse, Nilofer said: According to the director of the local battered woman's shelter, spouse abuse has become a more serious problem in the past ten years than ever before. According to your textbook, what kind of supporting material did Nilofer use?
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expert testimony
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When Julia Wang quoted former U.S. Social Security Commissioner Dorcas Hardy in her speech on reforming the Social Security system, she was using what your textbook calls testimony.
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expert
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According to your textbook, if you quoted tsunami survivor Suvik Jayaratne on the hardships that continue to face residents trying to rebuild their lives in Sri Lanka, you would be using testimony.
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peer
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In her speech about child abuse, Kim included the following statement: The effects of child abuse last long after the child has grown to adulthood. As one victim of child abuse stated in a local newspaper article just last week, "I know it sounds crazy, but sometimes I still wake up in fear in the middle of the night. Even worse, I find myself raging at my own children and treating them like my parents treated me." According to your textbook, what kind of supporting material did Kim use?
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peer testimony
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According to your textbook, if you quoted Juanita Ramirez, a resident of Los Angeles, on the psychological effects of the 1994 Los Angeles earthquake, you would be using testimony.
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peer
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Which of the following would probably be the most reliable source of testimony in a speech about the impact of automobile exhaust on air pollution?
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the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
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What guideline presented in your textbook for using supporting materials is followed in this speech excerpt?
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Relate statistics to the audience
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What suggestion presented in your textbook for using supporting materials is used in the following speech excerpt? Since it first opened for business, McDonald's has sold over 100 billion hamburgers. To give you an idea how many hamburgers that is, think of it this way: Since each McDonald's burger (with the bun) is about 2 inches thick, 100 billion hamburgers stacked on top of each other would reach over 3 million miles¾fifteen times as far as the moon.
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explain your statistics
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What suggestion presented in your textbook for using statistics is followed in the following speech excerpt?
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use statistics to quantify ideas b. identify the source of statistics c. relate statistics to the audience * d. all of the above e. b and c only