PEDIATRICS - HESI PRACTICE EXAM

The nurse is giving preoperative instructions to a 14-year old female client who is scheduled for surgery to correct a spinal curvature. Which statement by the client best demonstrates that learning has taken place?

To take the vital signs of a 4-month old child, which order will give the most accurate results?

During routine screening at a school clinic, an otoscope examination of a child's ear reveals a tympanic membrane that is pearly gray, slightly bulging, and not movable. What action should the nurse take next?

Which restraint should be used for a toddler after a cleft palate repair?

What preoperative nursing intervention should be included in the plan of care for an infant with pyloric stenosis?

A six-month-old returns from surgery with elbow restraints in place. What nursing care should be included when caring for any restrained child?

A 2-year old child with Down syndrome is brought to the clinic for his regular physical examination. The nurse knows which problem is frequently associated with Down syndrome?

When assessing a child with asthma, the nurse should expect intercostal retractions during

When planning the care for a child who has had a cleft lip repair, the nurse knows that crying should be minimized because it

A full-term infant is admitted to the newborn nursery. After careful assessment, the nurse suspects that the infant may have an esophageal atresia. Which symptoms is this newborn likely to have exhibited?

Which behavior would the nurse expect a two-year-old child to exhibit?

the mother of a preschool-aged client asks the nurse if it is all right to administer Pepto Bismal to her son when he 'has a tummy ache." After reminding the mother to check the label of all OTC drugs for the presence of aspirin, which instruction should the nurse include when replying to this mother's question?

The nurse observes a 4-year old boy in a daycare setting. Which behavior should the nurse consider normal for this client?

A burned child is brought to the emergency room. In estimating the percentage of the body burned, the nurse uses a modified "Rule of Nines." Which part of a child's body is calculated as a larger percentage of total body surface than an adult?

The nurse receives a lab report stating a child with asthma has a theophylline level of 15 mcg/dl. What action will the nurse take?

A 12-month old boy is admitted with a respiratory infection and possible pneumonia. He is placed in a mist tent with oxygen. Which nursing intervention has the greatest priority for this infant?

All of the following interventions can be used to evaluate the effectiveness of nursing and medical interventions used to treat diarrhea. Which intervention is least useful in the nurse's evaluation of a 20-month-old child.

A 5-month-old is admitted to the hospital with vomiting and diarrhea. The pediatrician prescribed dextrose 5% and 0.25% normal saline with 2 mEq KCI/100 mL to be infused at 25mL/hr. Prior to initiating the infusion, the nurse should obtain which assessment finding?

The nurse is assigning care for a 4-year old child with otitis media and is concerned about the child's increasing temperature over the past 24 hours. When planning care for this child, it is important for the nurse to consider that:

The nurse is assessing an 8-month old child who has a medical diagnosis of Tetrology of Fallot. Which symptom is this client most likely to exhibit?

As part of the physical assessment of children, the nurse observes and palpates the fontanels. Which child's fontanel finding should be reported to the healthcare provider?

A preschool-age child who is hospitalized for hypospadias repair is most strongly influenced by which behavior?

An infant is born with a ventricular septal defect (VSD) and surgery is planned to correct the defect. The nurse recognizes that surgical correction is designed to achieve which outcome?

A three-month old boy weighing 10 lbs, 15 oz has an axillary temperature of 98.9 degrees F. The nurse determines the daily caloric need for this child is approximately:

The nurse is preparing a health teaching program for parents of toddlers and preschoolers and plans to include information about prevention of accidental poisonings. It is most important for the nurse to include which instructions?

A 6-month old infant with congestive heart failure (CHF) is receiving digoxin elixer. Which observation by the nurse warrants immediate intervention?

At 8am, the unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) informs the charge nurse that a female adolescent client with acute glomerulonephritis has a blood pressure of 210/110. The 4am BP reading was 170/88. The client reports to the UAP that she is upset because her boyfriend did not visit last night. What action should the nurse take?

A premature newborn girl, born 24 hours ago, is diagnosed with a patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) and placed under an oxygen hood at 35%. The parents visit the nursery and ask to hold her. Which response should the nurse provide to the parents?

The nurse is developing a plan of care for a 3-year old who is scheduled for a cardiac catheterization. To assist in decreasing anxiety for the child on the day of the procedure, which intervention is best for the nurse to implement?

When taking the health history of a child, the nurse knows that which finding is an early indication of hypothyroidism in children?

The nurse is teaching a 12-year old male adolescent and his family about taking injections of growth hormone for idiopathic hypopituitarism. Which adverse symptoms, commonly associated with growth hormone therapy should the nurse plan to describe to the child and his family?

The nurse is caring for a 12-year old with Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH). This child should be carefully assessed for which complication?

A four-year old girl continues to interrupt her mother during a routine clinic visit. the mother appears irritated with the child and asks the nurse, "Is this normal behavior for a child this age?" The nurse's response should be based on which information?

a 14-year old female client tells the nurse that she is concerned about the acne she has recently developed. Which recommendation should the nurse provide?

The mother of a 2-year old boy consults the nurse about her son's increased tempter tantrums. The mother states, "Yesterday he threw a fit in the grocery store, and I did not know what to do. I was embarrassed. What can I do if this occurs again?" Which recommendation is best for the nurse to provide this mother?

During discharge teaching of a child with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, the nurse should stress to the parents the importance of obtaining which diagnostic testing?

A hospitalized 16-year old male refuses all visits from his classmates because he is concerned about his distorted appearance. To increase the client's social interaction, what intervention is best for the nurse to initiate?

The nurse is assessing a 2-year old. What behavior indicates that the child's language development is within normal limits?

When evaluating the effectiveness of interventions to improve the nutritional status of an infant with gastro-esophageal reflux, which intervention is most important for the nurse to implement?

Which menu selection by a child with celiac disease indicates to the nurse that the child understands necessary dietary considerations?

The parents of a 3-week old infant report that the child eats well but vomits after each feeding. what information is most important for the nurse to obtain?

A 3-month old infant develops oral thrush. Which pharmacologic agent should the nurse plan to administer for treatment of this disorder?

Which class of antiinfective drugs is contraindicated for use in children under 8 years of age?

A female teenager is taking oral tetracycline HCL (Achromycin V) for acne vulgaris. What is the most important instruction for the nurse to include in this client's teaching plan?

The mother of a 6-month old asks the nurse when her baby will get the first measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine. Based on the recommended childhood immunization schedule published by the Centers for Disease Control, which response is accurate?

Preoperative nursing care for a child with Wilm's tumor should include which intervention?

A 4-year old boy was admitted to the emergency room with a fractured right ulna and a short arm cast was applied. When preparing the parents to take the child home, which discharge instruction has the highest priority?

An 18-month old is admitted to the hospital with possible Hirschsprung's disease. When obtaining a nursing history, the nurse asks about bowel habits. What describes the disease?

The nurse must prevent a 2-year old with severe eczema on the face, neck and scalp from scratching the affected areas. Which nursing intervention is most effective in preventing further excoriation due to the pruritis?

The nurse assigning care for a 5-year old with otitis media is concerned about the child's increasing temperature over the past 24 hours. Which statement is accurate and should be considered when planning care for the remainder of the shift?

A 3-year old boy is brought to the emergency room because he swallowed an entire bottle of children's vitamin pills. Which intervention should the nurse implement first?

A 2-year old with gastro-esophageal reflux has developed a fear of eating. What instruction should the nurse include in the parents' teaching plan?

A 6-month old boy and his mother are at the healthcare provider's office for a well-baby checkup and routine immunizations. the healthcare provider recommends to the mother that the child receive an influenza vaccine. What medications should the nurse plan to administer today?

The nurse is assessing a 13-year old girl with suspected hyperthyroidism. Which question is most important for the nurse to ask her during the admission interview?

The nurse is planning care for school aged children at a community care center. Which activity is best for the children?

Surgery is being delayed for an infant with undescended testes. In collaboration with the healthcare provider and the family, which prescription should the nurse anticipate?

A 3 year old client with sickle cell anemia is admitted to the Emergency Department with abdominal pain. The nurse palpates an enlarged liver, an x-ray reveals an enlarged spleen, and a CBC reveals anemia. these findings indicate which type of crisis?

To assess the effectiveness of an analgesic administered to a 4 year old, what intervention is best for the nurse to implement?

In developing a teaching plan for a 5 year old child with diabetes, which component of diabetic management should the nurse plan for the child to manage first?

A 17 year old male student reports to the school clinic one morning for a scheduled health exam. He tells the nurse that he just finished football practice and is on his way to class. The nurse assesses his vital signs: temperature 100F, pulse 80, respirations 20, and BP 122/82. What is the best action for the nurse to take?

The vital signs of a 4 year old child with polyuria are BP 80/40, pulse 118, and respirations 24. the child's pedal pulses are present with a volume of +1 and no edema is observed. What action should the nurse implement first?

A 3 week old newborn is brought to the clinic for follow after a home birth. the mother reports that her child bottle feeds for 5 minutes only and then falls asleep. the nurse auscultates a loud murmur characteristic of a ventricular septal defect (VSD) and finds the newborn is acyanotic with a respiratory rate of 64 breaths per minute. What instruction should the nurse provide the mother to ensure the infant is receiving adequate intake? (select all that apply)

When discussing discipline with the mother of a 4 year old child, the nurse should include which guideline?

Which action by the nurse is most helpful in communicating with a preschool-aged child?

The nurse is having difficulty communicating with a hospitalized 6 year old child. Which approach by the nurse is the most helpful in establishing communication?

A child falls on the playground and is brought to the school nurse with a small laceration on the forearm. Which action should the nurse implement first?

A 6 year old is admitted to the pediatric unit after falling off a bicycle. Which intervention should the nurse implement to assist the child's adjustment to hospitalization?

A 16 year old is brought to the emergency department with a crushed leg after falling off a horse. the adolescent's last tetanus toxoid booster was received eight year ago. What action should the nurse take?

A child with cystic fibrosis is having stools that float and are foul smelling. Which descriptive term should the nurse use to document the finding?

The clinic nurse is taking the history for a new 6 month old client. The mother reports that she took a great deal of aspirin while pregnant. Which assessment should the nurse obtain?

The nurse is giving a liquid iron preparation to a 3 year old child. Which technique should the nurse implement to engage the child's cooperation?

The nurse is teaching a mother to give 4 mL of liquid antibiotic to a 10 month old infant. Which statement by the parent indicates a need for further teaching?

Which growth and development characteristic should the nurse consider when monitoring the effects of a topical medication for an infant?

A 2 year old child recently diagnosed with hemophilia A is discharged home. What information should the nurse include in a teaching plan about home care?

A nurse provides the parents with information on health maintenance for their child with sickle cell disease. Which information reflected by the parents indicates understanding of the child's care?

The nurse reviews the latest laboratory results for a child who received chemotherapy last week and identifies a reduced neutrophil count. Which nursing diagnosis has the highest priority for this child?

During administration of a blood transfusion, a child complains of chills, headache and nausea. Which action should the nurse implement?

The nurse is teaching the parents of a 5 year old with cystic fibrosis about respiratory treatments. Which statement indicates to the nurse that the parents understand?

The nurse is assessing the neurovascular status of a child in Russell's traction. Which finding should the nurse report to the healthcare provider?

A child is rescued from a burning house and brought to the emergency room with partial-thickness burns on the face and chest. Which action should the nurse implement first?

The mother of a 4 year old child asks the nurse what she can do to help her other children cope with their sibling's repeated hospitalizations. Which is the best response that the nurse should offer?

Which finding in a 19 year old female client should trigger further assessment by the nurse?

A 15 year old girl tells the school nurse that all of her friends have started their periods and she feels abnormal because she has not. Which response is best for the nurse to provide?

Which measurements should be used to accurately calculate a pediatric medication dosage? (Select all that apply) A. child's height and weight B. adult dosage of medication C. body surface area of child D. average adult's body surface area E. average pediatric dosage of medication F. nomogram determined mathematical constant.