Nutrition: Chapter 3

The mucosa has high nutrient requirements and will show signs of nutrient deficiency early. T OR F

The end results of cellular respiration include all of the following EXCEPT Selected Answer: Answers: amino acids. carbon dioxide. energy. water.

Sugars, amino acids, and fatty acids are absorbed into the body. T OR F

Vitamin E and fatty acids are absorbed via

Protein molecules that increase the rate of specific chemical reactions without themselves being changed are

The slow movement of food stuff through the _____ favors the growth of microflora.

The exchange of nutrients and gases occurs across the thin walls of the

Nutrients are used for energy or to synthesize substances in the body after they are absorbed. T OR F

Which of the following is NOT an end result of chemical digestion?

In regard to blood circulation, if you begin with oxygen-poor blood that reaches the heart from the body and is pumped through arteries to capillaries of the lungs, then determine the order for the following: 1. In capillaries of the body, nutrients and oxygen move from the blood to body tissues. 2. Oxygen-rich blood returns to the heart from the lungs by veins. 3. In capillaries of the lungs, oxygen from inhaled air is picked up by the blood and carbon dioxide is released into the lungs and exhaled. 4. Oxygen-rich blood is pumped out of the heart into arteries leading to the body.

Trypsin and chymotrypsin are lipases. T OR F

Enzymes are substrate specific, meaning that lipases will only digest lipids. T OR F

The pancreas is part of the endocrine system and also part of the digestive system. T OR F

A _____ meal stays in the stomach the longest.

The mass of chewed food that is swallowed is called

The first location of chemical and mechanical digestion is the stomach. T OR F

The regulation of stomach motility and secretion

As compared to when you are at rest between meals, when you have eaten a meal, a ____________ proportion of your blood goes to your digestive system.

Which of the following substances is not absorbed by the human body?

The transport of substances across a cell membrane with the aid of a carrier molecule and the expenditure of energy is

When you eat a taco, the tortilla, meat, cheese, lettuce, and tomato are broken apart, releasing the nutrients and other food components they contain. This process is called

The _____ system eliminates the majority of nitrogen-containing metabolic waste products.

Water, minerals, and nitrogen-containing by-products of protein digestion are filtered out of the blood by the lungs. T OR F

When the epiglottis doesn't move correctly, it can lead to

Which of the following is NOT a function of the lymphatic system? Answers: Aiding in the absorption of water-soluble substances Containing infection-fighting cells Draining fluid that collects in tissues and between cells All of these are functions of the lymphatic system.

The nutritional composition of a meal affects how long it stays in the stomach. T OR F

_____ lubricates, moistens, and protects the cells within the mucosa.

The mass of chewed food that is swallowed is called

_____ is a circular muscle that acts as a valve, opening and closing to allow the gastric contents to move throughout the GI tract.

When an antigen is present, ____ are the first type of white blood cell to come to the body's defense.

Jasmine has gallstones and experiences severe pain when she eats. What substance should she avoid to try to reduce the pain she is experiencing?

Collectively, the microvilli are referred as the brush border. T OR F

Cellular respiration converts all of the substrates into energy EXCEPT: Answers: amino acids. carbon dioxide. fatty acids. glucose.

Which of the following substances is not absorbed by the human body?

A Helicobacter pylori infection can cause

Which of the following is digested before being absorbed?

The gastric pits produce each of the following EXCEPT Selected Answer: Answers: an inactive form of pepsin. hydrochloric acid. mucus. salivary amylase.

Which of the following is the correct order, from smallest unit to largest?

The time it takes food to travel the length of the GI tract is called the transit time. T OR F

Sugars, amino acids, and fatty acids are absorbed into the body. T OR F

Nutrients are used for energy or to synthesize substances in the body after they are absorbed. T OR F

Excess amino acids can be converted into fatty acids and stored as body fat. T OR F

The end results of cellular respiration include all of the following EXCEPT Selected Answer: amino acids. carbon dioxide. energy. water.

Chewing food begins mechanical digestion and breaks up fiber. T OR F

Factors that influence transit time include all of the following EXCEPT the Answers: composition of the meal. emotional status of the individual. use of certain medications. all of these influence transit time.