Network+ Cit112b Testout 3.2.5 Practice Qui

It connects multiple cable segments (or devices) and forwards frames to the appropriate segment. Switches have multiple ports and can connect multiple segments or devices. The switch forwards frames to the appropriate port. They function similarly to a hub, except instead of sending packets to all ports, switches send packets only to the destination computer's port.

When a frame enters a port, the source MAC address is copied from the frame header. Bridges and switches learn addresses by copying the MAC address of the source device and placing it into the MAC address table. The port number that the frame enters is also recorded in the table and associated with the source MAC address. The switch or bridge cannot record the destination MAC address because it does not know the port that is used to reach the destination device. Bridges and switches operate at LAyer 2 and do not use IP addresses (which exist at Layer 3).

Send the frame out ports two through eight. Because the switch does not know the port that is used to reach the destination device, it will send the frame out all ports except for the port on which the frame was received. After the switch learned the port that is used to reach the destination device, it will send the frame out only on that port.

Hub A hub does not create multiple segments on the network. A segment is a portion of the network that has different media, collision domains, or broadcast domains. A hub simply connects devices using the same media type. All devices are members of the same collision and broadcast domains. On a switch, each switch port is in a separate collision domain. With a router or a firewall, each connected network is a different broadcast domain.

Repeater, Hub A hub and a repeater send received signals out all other ports. These devices do not examine the frame or the packet contents. Switches and bridges use the MAC address in a frame for forwarding decisions. A router uses the IP address in a packet for forwarding decisions.

Network A router uses the logical network address specified at the Network layer to forward messages to the appropriate LAN segment. A bridge, on the other hand, uses the MAC address and works at the Data Link layer.

Data Link the bridge is operating at the Data Link layer.

Layer 3 A router operates at Layer 3, or the Network layer.

Switches, Bridges, Network interface cards (NICs) Network interface cards, bridges, and switches all operate at the OSI data link layer. They use the physical device address (MAC address) to identify packets. Hubs and repeaters operate at the Physical layer -- they simply repeat packets without regard to addresses. Routers function at the Network layer - they examine the logical device and the network address to perform routing tasks.

Switch, network interface card (NIC) A network interface card and a switch oeprate at layer 2 (Data link) of the OSI model. Layer 2 includes protocols that define the MAC address. The MAC address is burned into the network interface card, and a switch uses the MAC address to make forwarding decisions. A hub or a repeater operate at Layer 1; they regenerate a signal without looking at Layer 2 or Layer 3 information. A router operates at Layer 3, using the IP address to make forwarding decisions. A firewall operates at Layer 3 or higher, using packet or data contents to make filtering decisions.

Data Link Switches are associated with the Data link layer of the OSI model. Switches examine the devices address in the packet and forward messages directly to that device.

Physical Hubs operate at Layer 1, or the Physical layer of the OSI model.

Switch A switch operates at the OSI model layer 2 (data link). It reads the MAC address to make frame forwarding decisions. A hub operates at OSI model layer 1 (physical), while a router and a firewall operate at layer 3(network).

Hub A hub operates at layer 1. It regenerates electrical signals and sends those signals out all hub ports without regard to the upper-layer data. A switch operates at layer 2. It reads the MAC address to make frame forwarding decisions. A router and a firewall operate at OSI model layer 3.