Chapter 23

25 July 2022
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Just as in hydraulic circuits there is water pressure, in electric circuits there is
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voltage
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To think of electric potential difference we are thinking about
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voltage
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Voltage is most similar to
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pressure
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A suitable electric pump in an electric circuit is a
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both of these
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It is correct to say that in electric circuits
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all of the above
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Unit of electric resistance
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Ohm
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If two copper wires of the same length have different thickness, then the thicker wire has
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less resistance
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If you stretch a copper wire so that it is thinner, the resistance between its ends
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increases
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When you turn on a lamp, the initial current in its filament is greater at first, rather than a moment later, which indicates
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increased temperature means increased resistance.
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Electric resistance in our skin is lowered when our skin is
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moist
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The voltage across a 10-ohm resistor carrying 5 A is
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more than 20
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The current in two identical light bulbs connected in series is 0.25 A. The voltage across both bulbs is 110 V. The resistance of a single light bulb is
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220 ohms
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Alternating current is normally produced by a
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generator
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A capacitor is useful in
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smoothing pulsed current
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For electric current in the home, your power company supplies
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energy
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The source of electrons that illuminate a common lamp in your home is
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atoms in the lamp filament
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Electrons that are energized to glow in the filament of a common ac lamp are
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electrons already in the filament.
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When Eddie Electron experiences an electrical shock, the source of electrons composing the shock is
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Eddie's body
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Electrons flow in an electric circuit by
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Interacting with an established electric field
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The electric field established by a generator in an ac circuit
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changes magnitude and direction with time
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In units of measurement, power in watts is equal to
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amperes x volts
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One kilowatt is a unit of
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power
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The electric power supplied to a lamp that carries 2 A at 120 V is
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240 Watts
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A 100-W lamp glows brighter than a 25-W lamp. The current drawn by the 100-W lamp is
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greater
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The energy dissipated in a light bulb in a circuit is provided by the
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voltage source
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A 60-W light bulb connected to a 120-V source draws a current of
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0.5 A
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A power line with a resistance of 2 ohms carries a current of 80 A. The power dissipated in the line is
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12,800 W
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The power dissipated in a 4-ohm resistor carrying 3 A is
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36 W
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The current drawn by a 1200-W toaster connected to 120 V is 10 A. The resistance of the toaster coils is
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12 ohms
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A heater draws 20A when connected to a 110-V line. If the electric power costs 20 cents per kilowatt hour, the cost of running the heater for 10 hours is
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$4.40
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A lamp rated 23W 120V means that it will deliver 23 W
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when the voltage across it is 120 V.
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The amount of current in an incandescent bulb rated 75W 120V is about
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0.6 A
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Compared with the amount of current in the filament of a lamp, the amount of current in the connecting wires is
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The same
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By convention, the direction of current in a circuit is
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both of these
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When two lamps are connected in series to a battery, the electrical resistance that the battery senses is
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more than the resistance of either lamp
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When a pair of identical lamps are connected in parallel
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all of the above
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Modern automobile headlights are connected in
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parallel
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The safety fuse in an electric circuit is connected to the circuit in
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series
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Something in the current in lamps is too feeble to produce glowing of the lamp filaments, which occurs when
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Too many lamps are connected in series
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As more lamps are connected in a parallel circuit, the overall current in the power source
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increases
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To connect a pair of resistors so their equivalent resistance (the single resistor having their combined value) will increase, connect them in
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series
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The equivalent resistance of any parallel branch in a circuit is
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Always less than the resistance of the lowest resistor
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When a pair of 1-ohm resistors are connected in series, their equivalent (combined) resistance is 2 ohms, and when connected in parallel is
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1/2 ohm