Biology Chapter 16 Review Questions

In his work with pneumonia-causing bacteria and mice, Griffith found that a. The protein coat from the pathogenic cells were able to transform nonpathogenic cells. b. heat-killed pathogenic cells caused pneumonia. c. Some substance from pathogenic cells were transferred to nonpathogenic cells, making them pathogenic. d. the polysaccharide coat of bacteria caused pneumonia. e. bacteriophages injected DNA into bacteria.

What is the basis for the difference in how the leading and lagging stands of DNA molecules are synthesized? a. The origins of replication occur only at the 5' end. b. Helicases and single-strand binding proteins work at the 5' end. c. DNA polymerase can join new nucleotides only to the 3' end of a growing strand. d. DNA ligase works only in the 3' --> 5' direction e. Polymerase can work on only one strand at a time

In analyzing the number of different bases in a DNA sample. which result would be consistent with the base-pairing rules? a. A = G b. A + G = C + T c. A + T = G + T d. A = C e. G = T

The elongation of the leading strand during DNA synthesis a. progresses away from the replication fork. b. occurs in the 3' --> 5' direction c. produces Okazaki fragments d. depends on the action of DNA polymerase. e. does not require a template strand.

In a nucleosome, the DNA is wrapped around a. polymerase molecules b. ribosomes c. histones d. a thymine dimer. e. satellite DNA

E. coli cells grown on 15N medium are transferred to 14 N medium and allowed to grow for two more generations (two rounds of DNA replication). DNA extraction from these cells is centrifuged. What density of distribution of DNA would you expect in this experiment? a. one high-density and one low-density band b. one intermediate-density band c. one high-density and one intermediate-density band d. one low-density and one intermediate-density band e. one low-density band

A biochemist isolates, purifies, and combines in a test tube a variety of molecules needed for DNA replication. When she adds some DNA to the mixture, replication occurs, but each DNA molecule consists of a normal strand paired with numerous segments of DNA a few hundred nucleotides long. What has she probably left out of the mixture? a. DNA polymerase b. DNA ligase c. Nucleotides d. Okazaki fragments e. primase

The spontaneous loss of amino groups from adenine in DNA results in hypoxanthine, an uncommon base, opposite thymine. What combination of proteins could repair such damage? a. Nuclease, DNA polymerase, DNA ligase b. telomerase, primase, DNA polymerase c. telomerase, helicases, single-strand binding protein d. DNA ligase, replication fork proteins, adenylyl cyclase e. nuclease, telomerase, primase.