Ap Human Geography 3rd Quarter Midterm Review

26 October 2022
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substance farming
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agricultural production for family consumption
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single 25 year olds
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are most likely to migrate
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energy and technology
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dramatic increases in grain production since 1950 have been made possible by an increase in the use of
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Pennsylvania, Ohio, and Indiana
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the largest concentration of amish is found in
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Industrial Revolution
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spawned vast manufacturing centers
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hearths of early agriculture
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first cities arose in
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colonial cities
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some prominent native american cities later became
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Honolulu
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important gateway city (gateway to the pacific)
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Turkey
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wheat was first domesticated in
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literacy rate
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correlates closely with per-capita income
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africa
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in the early 21st century, most refugees were in
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asia
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in the late 20th century, most refugees were in
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europe
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in the early 20th century most refugees were in
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world cities
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international company headquarters, significant global financial functions, and a polarized social structure are defining characteristics of
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United States
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consumes most fossil fuels per capita
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quaternary
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economic activities that involve the collection, processing and manipulation of information
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New Zealand
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has low population growth due to good education, isolation, and favorable economics
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fragmented state
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Indonesia is an example of a
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export oriented
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south american populations are located near coasts because colonial cities were
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balkanization
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fragmentation of a region into smaller units
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pop culture
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diffuses quickly to a wide variety of places
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city beautiful movement
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architects and planners from this movement introduced beauty and imposed order in chaotic industrial cities
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modern architecture
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architecture that stresses efficiency and geometrical order
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Frank Lloyd Wright
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father of modern architecture and the subject of Ayn Rand's book "The Fountainhead"
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nickel smelting
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an industry that is located close to the source of raw materials
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waterways
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prior to 1850, all major cities were located near
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enviornmental desterminism
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according to this idea, temperate regions have the most productive settlements
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belief systems
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alignment of ancient chinese cities based on the cardinal directions best illustrates the importance of this in the planning of early cities
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corporate farms
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because of improvements in transportation and systems, these farms have gained an advantage over family farms
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supranational orginizations
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orginizations including at least 3 countries that members must compromise to join; ex. the European Union, the Arab League, the United Nations
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Regionalization
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this is to geography as periodization is to history
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cultural landscape
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what humans have done to effect the enviornment
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younger age structures
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less developed countries tend to have these age structures
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refridgoration
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in the first half of the 20th century, this facilitated the transportation of beef(boo!) over long distances to global markets
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southwest asia
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the world's 3 major monotheistic religions(Judaism, Christianity, and Islam) orginated here
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Shiite Muslim
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the majority of Iran's population belongs to this religous sect
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primate city
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urban center disproportionately larger than the 2nd largest city in a country that dominates the country's social, political, and economic activities
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trucking
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form of transportation with low terminal cost, high line cost, and high route flexibility
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Flying
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form of transportation with high terminal cost, low line cost, and low route flexibility
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Shipping
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from of transportation with low terminal cost, low line cost, and low route flexibility
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agglomeration
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clustering of doctor's offices and pharmacies around a hospital is an example of
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irrigation
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Unlike other Mediterranean agriculture areas, Californian agriculture uses
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European Union
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this supranational organization fostered economic growth by eliminating tariffs and trade restrictions between member states
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Christaller's Model
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model that shows a central place that provides support for the population in its hinterland
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desertifacation
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a large environmental problem associated with africa
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Africa
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desertifacation is most often associated with
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rural to urban
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greatest migration trend of the 19th and 20th century in intraregional areas worldwide
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internet
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is reshaping traditional economic arrangements by expanding the importance of express package delivery systems
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wheat
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in terms of tonnage, the largest export crop in the world
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aging population
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most characteristic of a country in the last stage of demographic transition(low birth/low death and zero population growth)
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cartography
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the art and science of mapmaking
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resolution
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size of a map's smallest discernible land unit
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longitude
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lines of _________ meet at the poles
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rectilinear
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land parcels in the United States Midwest are usually this shape
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the federal survey system
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of the late 18th century which imposed a geometric pattern on the landscape
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shatter belt
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an area of instability between opposing political and cultural values
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von thunen's law
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model of agricultural land use based on the cost of transportation and rent
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Judaism
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an ethnic religion
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New England
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over-harvesting of breeding stock by commercial fishermen is an immediate concern to policy makers here
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core-periphery model
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early stages of this model describe the relationship of power and the transfer of resources from less developed to more developed countries
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Germany
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did not have lasting colonial presence in Africa after 1920
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rank-size rule
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a pattern of settlements in a country, such that the nth largest settlement is 1/n the population of the largest settlement
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footloose industry
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the computer chip industry is an example of a
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4 asian tigers
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Hong Kong, Singapore, South Korea, and Taiwan are the
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cultural diffusion
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the spread of an idea or innovation from its source
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multicropping
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a characteristic of shifting agriculture
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shifting
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multicropping is associated with ________ agriculture
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maquiladoras
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manufacturing outsourcing centers along the U.S./Mexican border
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12 nautical miles
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the United Nations has set the law of the sea at
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United Nations
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this supranational organization has set the law of the sea at 12 nautical miles
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Caucasus
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realm of the greatest linguistic fragmentation
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Rostow's modernization
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model of modernization concerned with economic development that matures to high mass consumption
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high mass consumption
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the final stage of Rostow's modernization
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sector model
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according to this model of north american cities, members of low income groups tend to live in linear residential areas radiating from the center of the city outward(like slices of a pie)
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nunavut
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an area in Canada reserved for native peoples
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Argentina
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country with few people per unit of arable land