6.6.7 Practice Questions IP Configuration

A workstation must request addressing information from a DHCP server. It can deliver a DNS server address in addition to the host IP address. Explanation DHCP servers deliver IP addresses as well as other host configuration information to network hosts. DHCP can be configured to assign any available address to a host, or it can assign a specific address to a specific host. DHCP clients, typically workstations, must send a request to a DHCP server before it will send IP addressing information to them.

Install the DHCP service on your server. Explanation The DHCP protocol allows you to assign IP addresses automatically. In this scenario, you should configure the DHCP service to run on the network server. The DHCP client on each workstation can then contact the DHCP server when the workstations connect to the network to be automatically assigned IP addressing information. You could instruct each user to manually enter IP addressing information but there is a higher chance of error and will likely require more administrative overhead.

Default gateway Explanation The default gateway identifies the router to which packets for remate networks are sent. The subnet mask identifies which portion of the IP address is the network address. The WINS server address identifies the WINS server that used to resolve NetBIOS host names to IP addresses. The DNS server address identifies the DNS server that is used to resolve host names to IP addresses. The alternate IP address identifies IP addressing information to be used in the event the DHCP server can't be reached. The host name identifies the logical name of the local system.

Network and Sharing Centre. Explanation Use the Network and Sharing Centre in Windows Vista/7 to view and manage network connections. My Network Places is in Windows XP and Network Neighbourhood is in Windows 98. Use Internet Options to configure Internet and Internet Explorer settings.

DHCP Explanation You can use the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) to set up a DHCP server that will assign IP addresses automatically to network hosts. DHCP servers will not assign the same IP address to two different hosts. ICMP is chiefly used by networked computers' operating systems to send error messages. The Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is one of the core protocols of the Internet protocol suite. The Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) is a communications protocol used to manage the membership of Internet Protocol multicast groups.

DNS hosts file Explanation You can use the Domain Name System (DNS) to get the IP address from a given host name. You can also use the local hosts file to map host names into IP addresses. On Windows systems, this file is located in C:Windowssystem32driversetc. You can use either the DHCP protocol or the BOOTP protocol to assign IP address and other configuration information to hosts automatically. Use FTP to transfer files.

ipconfig /flushdns Explanation Workstations maintain a cache of recently resolved DNS names. When you use a DNS name, the computer first checks its cache. If the name is in the cache, the corresponding IP address will be used. This can sometimes cause problems if the IP address of a host has changed. Old values in the cache might continue to be used for a time, making communication using the DNS name impossible. To correct this problem on a Windows computer, tun ipconfig /flushdns to delete the local DNS name cache.

Automatic Private IP Addressing (APIPA) The workstation was unable to contact the DHCP Explanation If a Windows client is configured to receive an IP address from a DHCP server, but cannot contact a DHCP server, it will automatically assign itself an IP address within the range of 169.254.0.1 to 169.254.255.254 with the subnet mask 255.255.0.0. You can use APIPA instead of a DHCP server, but it should only be used on a small network that does not need default gateway or DNS server settings configured.

Static IP Addressing Explanation With static IP addressing, you manually assign all configuration values. Static addressing is prone to error and should only be used under the following conditions: - The network has a small number of hosts. - The network will not change or grow. - You have some hosts that must always use the same IP address.

Alternate IP Configuration Explanation With an Alternate IP Configuration, the system's IPv4 Properties are configured on the General tab to use DHCP to automatically obtain TCP/IP configuration information. If a DHCP server cannot be contacted, the static IP configuration information on the IPv4 Properties' Alternate Configuration tab is used.

You work as the IT Administrator for a small corporate network. The network uses a DHCP server for IP address configuration for most clients. While in the Executive Office, the manager asked you to configure her laptop for use in both her small office/home office (SOHO) and at work. The laptop is currently configured with a static wireless connection for her SOHO, but the laptop is not connecting to the network while at the office. You need to configure the TCP/IP properties on the laptop to work on both networks. Your task in this lab is to do the following: - Record the laptops static IP and DNS configuration settings. - Configure the laptop to obtain IP and DNS addresses automatically. -Create an alternate TCP/IP connection with the static settings.

Important: Leave the Local Area Connection alone and only focus on the Connection. 1. Right-click on the Internet Icon in the Notification Area on Task Bar. 2. Click to Open Networking and Sharing. 3. Click on Change adapter settings. 4. Right-click on the Wireless Network Connection. 5. Click on Properties. 6. Select Internet Protocol Version 4 (TCP/IPv4). 7. Click Properties. 8. Copy the information from the Internet Protocol Version 4 (TCP/IPv4). 9. Select Obtain an IP address automatically. 10. Select Obtain DNS server address automatically. 11. Click on Alternate Configuration. 12. Select User configured. 13. In IP address type:192.168.2.13. 14. In Subnet mask type: 255.255.255.0. 15. In Default gateway type: 192.168.2.254. 16. In Preferred DNS Server type: 192.168.2.254. 17. Select Automatic private IP address. 18. Select OK to close Internet Protocol Version 4 (TCP/IPv4) Properties. 19. click Close to close Wireless Network Connection Properties. 20. Click the Back Button. 21. Exec-Laptop (This computer)- CorpNet.com-Internet. 22. Press the "X" to close the Network and Sharing Centre. 23. Press Done.

Task Summary Configure the Wireless Network connection to use DHCP. Use DHCP for addressing information. Use DHCP for DNS server information. Configure an alternate IP configuration. Configure an alternate configuration. Use 192.168.2.13 for the IP address. Use 255.255.255.0 for the subnet mask. Use 192.168.2.254 for the default gateway. Use 192.168.2.254 for the preferred DNS server. Explanation Complete the following steps: 1. Click on the network icon in the Task Bar and select Open Network and Sharing Centre. 2. Click the Wireless Network Connection link and select Properties. 3. Select Internet Protocol Version 4 (TCP/IPv4), then click the Properties button. 4. Record the current static values for the IP address subnet mask, default gateway, and DNS server addresses. 5. To use DHCP, select the following: - Obtain an IP address automatically. - Obtain DNS server address automatically. 6. Click the Alternate Configuration tab. 7. Select User configured, then fill in the values you recorded in step 4. Click OK. 8. Click Close.