Unit 1

25 July 2022
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question
Charles Darwin's book On the Origin of Species (1859) was considered an important contribution to modern science because it: coined the concept of evolution. synthesized information from diverse scientific fields in order to document evolutionary change. was immediately and widely accepted by the scientific community as the mechanism for evolutionary change. proposed the use of the scientific method for the first time
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synthesized information from diverse scientific fields in order to document evolutionary change.
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Why are Darwin's finches considered good examples of natural selection? They are found on every continent. They originated in North America, according to fossil They embody the idea of descent with modification. They did not differ between populations.
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They embody the idea of descent with modification.
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Without the work of x-ray crystallographer _______, DNA might not have been discovered for some time longer than it was. James Watson Francis Crick Thomas Malthus Rosalind Franklin
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Rosalind Franklin
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Linnaeus's taxonomic system is referred to as a "hierarchy" because: each species has a "higher level" genus and "lower level" species, and are placed within additional higher level categories. species are placed in a ranked list called the "Great Chain of Being." humans are considered the most evolved species. naming species officially requires approval of an appointed board of high-level experts.
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each species has a "higher level" genus and "lower level" species, and are placed within additional higher level categories.
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Darwin observed that adaptations: resulted from supernatural forces. did not vary among Galápagos finches living in different habitats. were physical traits that enhanced survival and reproduction. were peripheral to evolutionary change.
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were physical traits that enhanced survival and reproduction.
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Mendel's plant experiments demonstrated that: traits inherited from each parent blended together in the offspring. DNA was the molecule carrying the genetic code. peas were a poor choice for understanding basic hereditary principles. traits are passed on from parent to offspring as discrete units.
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traits are passed on from parent to offspring as discrete units.
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In your textbook, the lower frequency of sickle-cell anemia among present-day Americans of West African ancestry as compared to people living in West Africa blacks is attributed to: genetic drift gene flow new mutations gene pool
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gene flow
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Evolutionary synthesis is: the concept of evolution through natural selection. a unified theory of evolution that combines genetics with natural selection. a combination of the inheritance of acquired characteristics and natural selection. the combination of the theory of evolution and Linnaean taxonomy.
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a unified theory of evolution that combines genetics with natural selection.
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Uniformitarianism is the theory that: the earth is very old, based on geologic evidence from stratigraphic layers in Scotland the uniformity of species is derived from the common ancestor of all species. the natural processes operating today are the same as the natural processes that operated in the past processes such as earthquakes are evidence supporting catastrophism as proposed by Lamarck
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the natural processes operating today are the same as the natural processes that operated in the past
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The English scientist who independently co-discovered the theory of natural selection was: Charles Lyell. Alfred Russell Wallace. Jean-Baptiste de Lamarck. Carolus Linnaeus.
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Alfred Russell Wallace.
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How did Lamarck contribute to the theory of evolution? He discovered genetic mutation through experiments with pea plants. He proposed the concept of natural selection after his voyage to the Galapagos Islands and his study of finches He proposed a concept known today as gene flow. He proposed the first serious model of how traits are passed on from parent to offspring through inheritance of acquired characteristics, though that idea turned out to be incorrect.
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He proposed the first serious model of how traits are passed on from parent to offspring through inheritance of acquired characteristics, though that idea turned out to be incorrect.
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Thomas Malthus's contribution to natural selection is the: binomial taxonomic system of naming species. theory that the earth's old age is based on geologic evidence resulting from cataclysmic events. observation that an abundance of food would allow a population to increase geometrically and indefinitely, but there simply is not enough food, so populations are limited by food supply. theory that environmental resources increase to population pressures.
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observation that an abundance of food would allow a population to increase geometrically and indefinitely, but there simply is not enough food, so populations are limited by food supply.
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Gene flow differs from genetic drift because it is the: random change in the frequency of alleles. random change in a gene or chromosome. guiding force of evolution. spread of new genetic material from one gene pool to another.
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spread of new genetic material from one gene pool to another.
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According to Darwin, natural selection operates at the level of: individuals genes population species
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individuals
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The forces of evolution include: gene flow, mutations, chromosomes, and genes. natural selection, genes, alleles, and chromosomes. natural selection, gene flow, genetic drift, and mutations. mutations, genes, and genetic drift.
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natural selection, gene flow, genetic drift, and mutations.
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The individual genotypes in a breeding population, taken as a whole, are the: gene pool DNA phenotype polygene
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gene pool
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Darwinian evolution proposes that: species adapt and change over time based on the environment. an individual can change within its own lifetime. species adapt based on individual goals. individuals determine their own biological adaptations.
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species adapt and change over time based on the environment.
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Which of the following is NOT a cause of evolution in a population? inheritance of acquired traits mutation gene flow genetic drift
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inheritance of acquired traits
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The advantageous "attributes" to which Darwin refers are now known as: traits genes alleles chromosomes
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traits
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What are the classification levels of humans from order to species? Chordata, Mammalia, Haplorhini, Hominoidea, Homo, and sapiens Primates, Haplorhini, Anthropoidea, Catarrhini, Hominoidea, Hominidea, Homininae, Hominine, Homo, and sapiens Primates, Strepsirhini, Catarrhini, Hominoidea, Hominidea, Homo, and sapiens Mammalia, Platyrrhini, Hominioidea, Hominidae, Homo, and sapiens
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Primates, Haplorhini, Anthropoidea, Catarrhini, Hominoidea, Hominidea, Homininae, Hominine, Homo, and sapiens