Totalitarianism

24 August 2022
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totalitarianism
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government that takes control, centralized, state control over every aspect of public and private life
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totalitarianism leaders
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appear to provide sense of security/direction for the future, often utilizes secret police to crush opposition/create fear, must be able to justify actions/build support for policies
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methods of totalitarianism leaders
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terror, indoctrination, propaganda, censorship, religious or ethnic persecution
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police terror
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police serve to enforce gov policies, not protect the people, spy on citizens or intimidating them, use brutal force or murder
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indoctrination
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instruction in the gov's beliefs, used to mold people's minds, control of education to glorify leader
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propaganda and censorship
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biased or incomplete info used to sway people to accept certain beliefs or actions, must include control of all mass media, going against info means treason and punishment
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religious or ethnic persecution
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scapegoat to blame for things that go wrong are often religious or ethnic groups, groups are easily identified and are subjects of terror and violence
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Stalin's plan
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wanted to transform the Soviet union into a totalitarian state, wanted to create the perfect Communist state in Russia
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police state
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secret police of Stalin that used tanks/armored cars to stop riots, monitored telephone lines, read mail, planted informers everywhere, arrested/executed millions of "traitors"
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Great Purge
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1937, campaign of terror against anyone who threatened Stalin's power including old Bolsheviks, people were killed or sent to labor camps, 8 million to 13 million deaths
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Russian propaganda and censorship
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Stalin's gov controlled all newspapers, motion pictures, radio, and other sources of info, everything was used to glorify Stalin,
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education and indoctrination
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gov controlled schools, children learned virtues of Communist Party, anyone who taught against Communist ideas was fired or arrested
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religious persecution
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communists wanted to replace religion with communism, Stalin, gov, and League of the Militant Goddess spread propaganda for atheism, Russian Orthodox Church was main target
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League of the Militant Goddess
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officially sponsered group of atheists
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command economy
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system in which the gov makes all economic decision, Stalin set this up for Russia in 1928
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Five-Year Plans
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for dev of Soviet Union's economy, set impossibly high goals to increase output of steel, coal, oil, and electricity, caused limited production of consumer goods and shortages
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collective farms
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when gov seized over 25 million privately owned farms in USSR and combined them into large, gov owned farms where hundreds of families worked, lots of resistance and fighting
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kulaks
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class of wealthy peasents who strongly opposed the collective farms
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state farms
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where farming was most difficult, operated like factories, workers recieved wages instead of crops, much larger than collective farms
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benefits of Stalin's rule
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women's roles greatly expanded, people got better education and mastered new technical skills
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costs of Stalin's rule
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personal freedoms were limited, consumer goods were in short supply,
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Bolshevik Revolution of 1917
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declared men and women equal
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women's roles
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rising status in society, helped economy prosper, joined labor force, many had same jobs as men, some had jobs in engineering and science