Sociology Exam 3 (chapter Quizzes)

2 October 2022
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question
To a sociologist, why is gender especially significant?
answer
It is identified as a master status cutting across all aspects of life.
question
The sociological term for unequal access to power, prestige, and property based on a person's sex is _______.
answer
gender stratification
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The notion of _______ refers to the behavior and attitudes that society considers proper for its males and females. Also related to masculinity or femininity.
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gender
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The notion of _______ refers to biological characteristics that distinguish females and males, consisting of primary and secondary physical characteristics.
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sex
question
According to sociologists, why do men and women typically perform different types of work in society?
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It is a product of social factors such as socialization and social control.
question
What activity did Marvin Harris link to the emergence of sex discrimination and men gaining the upper hand?
answer
warfare and hand-to-hand combat
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Gender stratification refers to the ranking of males and females according to their access to power, property, and prestige based on their sex.
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True
question
The major theories on the origin of patriarchy point to the social consequences of human reproduction.
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True
question
What is a group of people with inherited physical characteristics that distinguish it from another group?
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a race
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As described in the text, what are two myths of race?
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one race is superior to another; pure races exist
question
The massacre of Native Americans in the 1800s, the extermination of the Jews in Nazi Germany, and the slaughter of the Tutsis in Rwanda are all examples of ________.
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genocide
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What term is used to define groups of people who are singled out for unequal treatment and who regard themselves as objects of collective discrimination?
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minority group
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Which statement is most accurate regarding the meaning of race?
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Race varies, depending upon the society in which its meaning is constructed.
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Prejudice describes _______ while discrimination describes _______.
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attitudes; actions
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Sam, a bartender who saw duty in Vietnam, refuses to serve Asians in his bar because he believes that Asians have no business living in the United States. Sam's actions describe _______.
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prejudice and discrimination
question
Switzerland is made up of four separate ethnic groups that have kept their own languages but are peacefully united politically and economically. This pattern of intergroup relations is an example of _______.
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multiculturalism
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In American history, who were the white ethnics?
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They were immigrants from Europe whose language and other customs differed from the original White Anglo-Saxon Protestants.
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The term WASP generally refers to __________.
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White Anglo-Saxon Protestants
question
What does it mean when sociologists say that age is "socially constructed"?
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Age is based on cultural attitudes that are rooted in a society.
question
What was the life expectancy in the years 1900-1906?
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47
question
What percent of the population of the United States was 65+ in 1900?
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4
question
What percent of the population of the U.S. is 65+ today?
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13
question
In U.S. society, men with graying hair and wrinkles are seen as mature, while women with the same features are seen as old. This is referred to as _______ age.
answer
gender
question
What sociological perspective stresses that age has no inherent meaning and that each culture shapes the way that its citizens perceive the elderly?
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symbolic interactionism
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Which of the three major sociological theoretical perspectives is most closely aligned with the disengagement, activity, and continuity theories of aging?
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functionalism
question
Which sociological perspective is most closely aligned with the explanation that Social Security benefits came about as the result of a struggle between competing interest groups?
answer
the conflict perspective
question
Francis has recently been told that he has a terminal disease and can expect to live for only a short time. He has made a will, paid all his bills, and given instructions to his children. According to Kubler-Ross, Francis is in the stage of _______.
answer
acceptance
question
What was life expectancy when ACU began?
answer
Probably 30 years shorter than it is now