What did J.J. Thomson observe when he applied electric voltage to cathode ray tube in his famous experiment?
answer
The glass opposite of the negative electrode started to glow.
question
Which best describes the effect of J.J. Thomson's discovery?
answer
Cathode ray tubes were no longer used in experiments due to poor results.
question
Which statement best explains why the atomic theory developed efficiently?
answer
Scientists had used creativity in their investigations.
question
Which activity is the best demonstration of J.J. Thompson's use of creativity in his work?
answer
Interpreting the results of his experiment
question
Which scientist provided a foundation for John Dalton's work on the atomic structure?
answer
Joseph Proust
question
Who was the first to propose the existence of atoms?
answer
NOT John Dalton
question
Which statement is most likely true?
answer
Ernest Rutherford's experiment led the nuclear model of the atom.
question
Which scientist is credited with developing the first scientific atomic theory
answer
John Dalton
question
Which is a component of John Dalton's atomic theory?
answer
A reaction can create or destroy atoms as well as rearrange them
question
Which statement best describes John Dalton's use of creativity in his work?
answer
He reinterpreted and restarted Joseph Proust's results.
question
If the plum pudding model of the atom was correct, was should the results of Rutherford's experiment?
answer
Most of the positively charged particles should bounce back at a range of angles as they collide with the atoms in the foil; only a few should pass straight through the foil.
question
Which of these discoveries contradict components of Dalton's atomic theory?
answer
- Atoms contain smaller particles: protons, neutrons, and electrons.
- Atoms of a given element can have different numbers of neutrons.
- Nuclear reactions can change an atom of one element into an atom of another element.
question
Why is Dalton credited with proposing the first atomic theory if Democritus was talking about atoms almost 2,200 years earlier?
answer
- Democritus' ideas were not supported by evidence
- Dalton's theory was the first scientific theory because it relied on scientific investigative processes.
- Dalton's theory was supported by evidence and repeated investigation.
question
Describe two ways the material in this lesson illustrates the importance of creativity in scientific investigations.
answer
- Dalton used creativity to modify Proust's experiment and interpret the results.
- Thomson used creativity to interpret the results of the cathode ray tube experiment.
question
Explain how the atomic theory was modified from Dalton's theory to Rutherford's. Include an explanation of why the theory was modified.
answer
Rutherford's results showed that most of an atom is empty space and that the mass is concentrated in the center of the atom. This discovery required the plum pudding model to revised.
question
What did Ernest Rutherford's gold foil experiment demonstrate about an atom?
answer
Positive charge occupies a very small volume in the atom.
question
Whose work directly resulted in the development of an atomic model that has negative electrons stuck within a sea of positive material?
answer
Thomson
question
Who was the first to propose the existence of atoms?
answer
Democritus
question
How did the development of the earliest idea about atoms differ from the later work of scientists?
answer
It was based on the thoughts of an early philosopher.
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