Respiratory Quiz

25 July 2022
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Where does gas exchange occur in the respiratory system?
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A) trachea B) alveoli C) terminal bronchioles D) lobar (secondary) bronchi Answer B) Alveoli
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Which of the following is NOT a function of the larynx?
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A) routing air and food into the proper channels B) voice production C) serving as part of the respiratory zone D) providing a patent airway Answer (C) serving as part of the respiratory zone
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During the Valsalva's maneuver, what part of the larynx closes to increase intra-abdominal pressure, such as to help with defecation
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A) glottis B) epiglottis C) uvula D) carina Answer (A) Glottis
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Which of the following is NOT a function of the nasal conchae?
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A) routing air and food into proper channels B) filtering, heating, and moistening incoming air during inhalation C) reclaiming heat and moisture from expired air D) increasing the mucosal surface area exposed to air Answer (A)routing air and food into proper channels
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In which region are the palatine tonsils found?
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A) larynx B) laryngopharynx C) nasopharynx D) oropharynx Answer (D) oropharynx
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Complete the following statement using the choices below. Air moves out of the lungs when the pressure inside the lungs is
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A) greater than the pressure in the atmosphere. B) greater than the intra-alveolar pressure. C) less than the pressure in the atmosphere. D) equal to the pressure in the atmosphere. Answer A) greater than the pressure in the atmosphere.
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The indentation on the medial surface of each lung through which pulmonary and systemic blood vessels, bronchi, lymphatic vessels, and nerves enter and leave is called the ______
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A) apex B) cardiac notch C) base D) hilum Answer (D) hilum
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Which blood vessels supply oxygenated systemic blood to the lung tissue?
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A) pulmonary veins B) bronchial arteries C) pulmonary arteries D) bronchial veins Answer (B) bronchial arteries
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Which of the following features characterizes the right lung?
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A) presence of a superior, middle, and inferior lobe B) presence of the cardiac notch C) smaller of the two lungs D) presence of only two lobes Answer A) presence of a superior, middle, and inferior lobe
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The smallest subdivisions of the lung visible with the naked eye are the __________, which appear to be connected by black carbon in smokers
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A) pulmonary hila B) pleura C) lobes D) lobules Answer (D) lobules
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The alveoli are also known as alveolar sacs.
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A) True B) False Answer (B) False
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Smoking inhibits cilia by inhibiting the movements of
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A) dynein molecules B) the basal bodies C) microvilli D) actin filaments Answer (A) dynein molecules
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During pleurisy, the inflamed parietal pleura of one lung rubs against the inflamed
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A) thoracic wall B) parietal pleura of the other lung C) visceral pleura of the same lung D) visceral pleura of the other lung Answer C) visceral pleura of the same lung
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Which parts of the respiratory system function as the main sites of gas exchange?
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A) alveoli B) terminal bronchioles C) primary bronchi D) trachea Answer (A) Alveoli
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Jane had been suffering through a severe cold and was complaining of a frontal headache and a dull, aching pain at the side of her face. What regions are likely to become sites of secondary infection following nasal infection?
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A) The paranasal sinuses B) The oral cavity and larynx C) The larynx and trachea D) The oral cavity E) The lower respiratory tract Answer (A) The paranasal sinuses
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Which of the following pressures rises and falls with the phases of breathing, but eventually equalizes with the atmospheric pressure?
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A) intrapulmonary pressure B) atmospheric pressure C) intrapleural pressure D) transpulmonary pressure Answer (A) Intrapulmonary pressure
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Which of the following pressures must remain negative to prevent lung collapse?
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A) atmospheric pressure B) intrapleural pressure C) intrapulmonary pressure D) transpulmonary pressure Answer (B) Intrapleural pressure
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Which of the following gives the relationship between the pressure and volume of a gas?
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A) Henry's law B) Dalton's law of partial pressures C) Haldane effect D) Boyle's law Answer (D) Boyle's law
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Which muscles are activated during normal quiet inspiration?
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A) diaphragm and internal intercostal muscles B) oblique and transversus muscles C) diaphragm and external intercostal muscles D) scalenes, sternocleidomastoid, and pectoralis minor muscles Answer C) diaphragm and external intercostal muscles
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What is the volume of the total amount of exchangeable air for a healthy, young adult male?
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A) 4800 ml B) 2400 ml C) 3600 ml D) 6000 ml Answer (A) 4800 mL
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What is the tidal volume of an average adult male?
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A) 500 ml B) 3100 ml C) 1200 ml D) 4800 ml Answer (A) 500 mL
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Which form of CO2 transport accounts for the least amount of CO2 transported in blood?
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A) as carbon monoxide in plasma B) chemically bound to hemoglobin C) dissolved in plasma D) as bicarbonate ion in plasma Answer C) dissolved in plasma
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In pneumothorax, the lung collapses because _
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A) intrapleural pressure is lower than transpulmonary pressure B) intrapleural pressure is higher than intrapulmonary pressure C) intrapulmonary pressure is lower than transpulmonary pressure D) intrapulmonary pressure is higher than atmospheric pressure Answer (B) intrapleural pressure is higher than intrapulmonary pressure
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Which respiratory-associated muscles would contract if you were to blow up a balloon?
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A) internal intercostals and abdominal muscles would contract B) diaphragm contracts, internal intercostals would relax C) diaphragm would contract, external intercostals would relax D) external intercostals would contract and diaphragm would relax Answer (A) internal intercostals and abdominal muscles would contract
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Atelectasis (lung collapse) renders the lung useless for ventilation.
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A) True B) False Answer (A) True
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Dalton's law of partial pressures states that the total pressure exerted by a mixture of gases is the sum of the pressures exerted independently by each gas in the mixture
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A) True B) False Answer (A) True
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The local matching of blood flow with ventilation is _
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A) the Haldane effect B) the Bohr effect C) ventilation-perfusion coupling D) chloride shifting Answer (C) ventilation-perfusion coupling
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Oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged in the lungs and through all cell membranes by
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A) diffusion B) active transport C) osmosis D) filtration Answer (A) diffusion
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Oxygen is unloaded where it is most needed when blood pH drops, this is a phenomenon known as
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A) the Haldane effect B) the Bohr effect C) a chloride shift D) ventilation-perfusion coupling Answer (B) The Bohr effect
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What is the most common method of carbon dioxide transport?
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A) dissolved in the plasma B) as bicarbonate ions in the plasma C) chemically bound to hemoglobin as oxyhemoglobin D) chemically bound to hemoglobin as carbaminohemoglobin Answer (B) as bicarbonate ions in the plasma
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Which of the following qualifies as a fully saturated hemoglobin molecule?
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A) hemoglobin is transporting four oxygen molecules B) hemoglobin is transporting three oxygen molecules C) hemoglobin is transporting two oxygen molecules D) hemoglobin is transporting one oxygen molecule Answer (A) hemoglobin is transporting four oxygen molecules
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Hypoxia can be caused by ___
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A) hyposecretion of erythropoietin B) having a fever C) slightly elevated level of lactic acid in the blood D) All of the listed responses are correct. Answer (A) hyposecretion of erythropoietin
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With the Bohr effect, more oxygen is released because a(n) _
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A) increase in pH (alkalosis) strengthens the hemoglobin-oxygen bond B) decrease in pH (acidosis) strengthens the hemoglobin-oxygen bond C) increase in pH (alkalosis) weakens the hemoglobin-oxygen bond D) decrease in pH (acidosis) weakens the hemoglobin-oxygen bond Answer (D) decrease in pH (acidosis) weakens the hemoglobin-oxygen bond
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Which of the following respiratory rates illustrates eupnea for an average, healthy adult at rest?
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A) 120 breaths per minute B) 15 breaths per minute C) 25 breaths per minute D) 60 breaths per minute Answer B) 15 breaths per minute
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Which of the following modifies and smoothes the respiratory pattern?
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A) pontine respiratory centers B) ventral respiratory group (VRG) C) dorsal respiratory group (DRG) D) diencephalon Answer (A) pontine respiratory centers
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Which of the following stimuli is the most powerful respiratory stimulant to increase respiration?
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A) arterial pH B) an increase in blood pH C) rising carbon dioxide levels D) a rise in body temperature Answer (C) rising carbon dioxide levels
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Hypocapnia causes _
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A) the level of bicarbonate ions in the blood to rise B) hypoxia C) an increase in VRG activity D) hyperventilation Answer (B) Hypoxia
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Respiratory control centers are located in the _
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A) upper spinal cord and medulla B) midbrain and medulla C) pons and midbrain D) medulla and pons Answer (D) medulla and pons
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Which center is located in the pons?
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A) pontine respirator group (PRG) B) expiratory center C) inspiratory center D) pacemaker neuron center Answer(A) pontine respirator group (PRG)
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The Hering-Breuer reflex is a potentially dangerous response that may cause overinflation of the lung.
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A) True B) False Answer (B) False
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Emphysema can result in an _
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A) increased level of carbaminohemoglobin B) increased level of deoxyhemoglobin C) increased likelihood of the skin of Caucasians developing a slightly blue coloration D) All of the listed responses are correct. Answer (D) All of the listed responses are correct.
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Which of the following initiates inspiration?
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A) pontine respiratory centers B) ventral respiratory group (VRG) C) dorsal respiratory group (DRG) D) diencephalon Answer (B) ventral respiratory group (VRG)
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Which of the following inhibits the respiration rate?
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A) hypercapnia B) a rise in body temperature C) stimulation of stretch receptors in the lungs D) partial pressure of oxygen below 60 mm Hg Answer(C) stimulation of stretch receptors in the lungs
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Labored breathing is termed dyspnea.
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A) True B) False Answer (A) True
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Quiet inspiration is __________, and quiet expiration is ______
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A) an active process; a passive process B) a passive process; also a passive process C) an active process; also an active process D) a passive process; an active process Answer (A) an active process; a passive process
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Under certain conditions, the vocal folds act as a sphincter that prevents air passage.
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A) True B) False Answer (A) True