PSY 202 Second Midterm

Scientific theories a. are supported by evidence. b. are based on beliefs. c. are tentative explanations for behavior. d. are educated guesses about natural phenomenon.

Which type of psychology degree focuses more on the clinical practice and less on research? a. associate's degree b. master's degree c. PhD d. PsyD

Jade plans to major in business then continue on to study ________ so that she can work as a consultant for businesses interested in improving employee motivation and increasing productivity. a. I-O psychology b. clinical psychology c. forensic psychology d. health psychology

According to the ________ model, health and illness are determined by psychological, biological, and social factors. a. clinical-health b. biopsychosocial c. biological-health d. cognitive-behavioral

Which questions would a biopsychologist most likely address when studying depression? a. Does depression manifest differently in different social groups? b. To what extent does depression affect one's thinking, memory and language abilities? c. When does depression usually develop in a person? What are the various stages (represented by the changes in behavior) of the illness? d. Does stress or lack of exercise affect the nervous system and hormones to either cause or prevent depression?

________ psychologist Kurt Koffka is known for saying "the whole is other than the sum of its parts." a. Structuralist b. Gestalt c. Psychoanalytical d. Behaviorist

While behaviorism focused on only observable behavior, cognitive psychology a. acknowledges the existence of internal mental states. b. focuses on introspection. c. maintains that dreams reflect the subconscious d. holds that behavior is irrelevant to the study of the mind.

Abraham Maslow is best known for a. proposing a hierarchy of human needs in motivating behavior. b. his interpretation and contribution to dream c. analysis.studying the influence of reinforcement and punishment on behavior d. unconditional positive regard.

Wilhelm Wundt's usage of introspection to measure the workings of the mind is known as a. Structuralism b. FunctionalismInner c. consciousness d. Psychoanalysis

________ psychology seeks to study the ultimate biological causes of a behavior. a. Cognitive b. Evolutionary c. Developmental d. Neurobiological

Which factors influence health, according to the biopsychosocial model? a. interaction of biological, psychological, and social factors b. The biopsychosocial model suggests that health and illness are determined by psychological, biological, and social factors. c. primarily biology; individual psychology and social factors are sometimes relevant d. applying biological principles to the psychology of a healthy social life e. realizing one's full potential through self-actualization

Which person was most interested in studying learned behavior? a. Carl Rogers b.Abraham Maslow c. Sigmund Freud d. B.F. Skinner

If a researcher wants to understand if eating more bananas causes increased irritability, what type of study should they perform? a. meta-analysis b. experimental c. descriptive d. correlational

What is the abstract of a scholarly article? a. The section presenting the key findings of the article. b. The section explaining the procedure and operational definitions. c. The section that uses existing scientific literature to justify the research question of the study. d. The section with a summary of the whole article.

Using existing records to try to answer a research question is known as ________. a. archival research b. cross-sectional research c. longitudinal research d. naturalistic observation

The strength and direction of the relationship between two variables is expressed by the ________. a. negative correlation b. positive correlation c. illusory correlation d. correlation coefficient

If an experiment measures what it is supposed to measure, it is considered ________. a. valid b. falsifiable c. reliable d. duplicable

In a study about anxiousness, researchers have participants either read a story about a girl who is stressed about her final exams and other work and family commitments or a classic fairytale. Before the study, they plan to have students self-report on their levels of anxiety, then re-test them after the study to see if the anxious story increased anxiousness levels. In this example, the students' reported anxiousness after reading a story is the a. interdependent variable b. independent variable c. dependent variable d. operational definition

Heather is conducting a study on music and memory. She plays different types of music while students memorize lists of words, then tests them on their retention after 1 hour, 1 day, and 1 week. In this example, which is the independent variable? a. retention after 1 week b. the type of music c. retention after 1 hour and 1 day d. level of liking for the music used

Francis is studying the relationship between personality traits and drug abuse. If she determines that there is a significant relationship between these two variables, that means her study would have a p-value of ________ or less. a. .08 b. .10 c. .95 d. .05

Chelsea wants to know if the room temperature in the testing center affects participants test scores. In this experiment, the independent variable is ________. a. room temperature b. test performance c. type of room in which the participants took the test d. type of test

If every person in a population has an equal chance of being chosen to participate in a study, then it is considered a ________. a. falsifiable outcome b. randomly assigned study c. representative sample d. random sample

McCabe and Castel conducted experiments to assess whether a brain image influenced the way students perceived the quality of a scientific article. Across three experiments, they found that students rated the quality of scientific reasoning higher when a brain image was present. Their research would indicate that the study ________. a. is applicable only to student populations b. does replicate c. does not replicate d. is invalid