PSY 160 CH 11

15 February 2023
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question
1. A person between the ages of 18 and 25 is entering a stage developmentalists call: a. adulthood. b. emerging adulthood. c. post-adolescence. d. young adulthood.
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b. emerging adulthood.
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2. Which statement about emerging adults is true around the world? a. They are marrying later than their parents did only in the United States and Europe. b. Their college graduation rates are about 75 percent. c. They have more years of education and marry later than their parents did.
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c. They have more years of education and marry later than their parents did.
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3. Emerging adulthood has traditionally been the optimal time for hard physical work, athletic achievement, and: a. job success. b. relationship satisfaction. c. peer relationships. d. ??????
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D. ??????
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4. Generally, early adulthood is characterized by _____ health. a. optimal b. failing c. slowly improving d. fair to poor
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a. optimal
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5. Low birth weight, undernutrition in infancy, and rapid weight gain in early childhood are associated with _____ in emerging adulthood. a. risk-taking behaviors b. psychopathology c. a higher risk of disease d. asthma
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c. a higher risk of disease
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6. During emerging adulthood, fertility is: a. poor. b. optimal. c. the same as that of adolescents. d. the same as that of middle-aged adults.
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b. optimal.
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7. A vector is: a. a person or animal who dies from a disease. b. a type of sexually transmitted disease. c. a person or animal who spreads a disease. d. someone who has a communicable illness.
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c. a person or animal who spreads a disease.
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8. Which phenomenon has contributed to the worldwide spread of sexually transmitted infections? a. serial monogamy b. easy international travel c. localized prostitution d. modern contraception
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b. easy international travel
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9. About _____ percent of females with AIDS contracted it through rape. a. 5 b. 10 c. 20 d. 50
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c. 20
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10. Joya is 22 years old. Statistically, she is MOST likely to: a. smoke cigarettes. b. binge drink. c. use illegal drugs. d. be an addict.
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b. binge drink.
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11. Emerging adults are in a high-risk category for: a. serious injury and violent death. b. complications from surgery. c. age discrimination. d. infertility.
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a. serious injury and violent death.
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12. Statistically, which of these 20-year-olds would be the most likely to engage in extreme drinking? a. Henry, who did not go to college and works full-time b. Stanley, who is a college junior c. Hillary, who graduated from college ten years ago d. Jessica, who did not go to college and works part-time
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b. Stanley, who is a college junior
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13. A possible fifth stage of cognitive development that characterizes adult thinking is: a. preformal thought. b. semiformal thought. c. informal thought. d. postformal thought.
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d. postformal thought.
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14. Some researchers believe there is a fifth stage of cognition called postformal thought, which is characterized by: a. analytic thinking. b. problem solving. c. problem finding. d. intuition.
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c. problem finding.
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15. A longitudinal study showed that recent college graduates _____ in critical thinking, analysis, and communication as compared to graduates twenty years ago. a. performed equally well b. made half the growth c. made twice the growth d. did not improve
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b. made half the growth
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16. Which continues to improve in MOST people beyond the age of emerging adulthood? a. analytic thought b. intuitive thought c. hypothetical thought d. social understanding
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d. social understanding
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17. According to Labouvie-Vief, _____ describes the cognitive development of the emerging adult. a. critical, emotional thinking b. logical thinking without emotion c. complex, integrated, logical thinking d. hypothetical logic
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c. complex, integrated, logical thinking
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18. On average, emerging adults today show _____ compared to older adults. a. implicit signs of prejudice b. unconscious tolerance c. increased stereotyping d. less prejudice overall
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d. less prejudice overall
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19. The possibility that one's appearance or behavior will be misused to confirm another person's oversimplified, prejudiced attitude is referred to as: a. overcompensation. b. dialectical thought. c. stereotype threat. d. disidentification.
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c. stereotype threat.
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20. Identify the possible reaction to stereotype threat. a. the high school drop-out rate for African American males b. young girls' preferences for playing with dolls over trucks c. married couples' arguments about money
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a. the high school drop-out rate for African American males
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21. According to theory of stereotype threat, thinking that one may be negatively compared to another group is MOST apt to: a. cause one to try harder. b. have no effect on one. c. cause one to underperform. d. cause one to dislike that group.
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c. cause one to underperform.
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22. The term massification means that: a. college gives people better long-term health. b. mass practice can defeat stereotype threat. c. obesity increases for every year of education a person has. d. college could benefit everyone.
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d. college could benefit everyone.
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23. The people MOST apt to become postformal thinkers are those who: a. do not go to college. b. attend college part time after emerging adulthood. c. attend universities instead of community colleges. d. have friends from diverse backgrounds.
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d. have friends from diverse backgrounds.
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24. In almost every developed nation today, it is true that _____ are college students. a. more females than males b. more males than females c. an equal number of males and females d. more middle aged adults than emerging adults
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a. more females than males
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25. Compared to college students 30 years ago, more students today are: a. seeking a well-rounded education. b. interested in gaining critical thinking skills. c. focusing on career preparation. d. majoring in liberal arts.
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c. focusing on career preparation.
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26. Erikson's fifth stage of development is: a. integrity vs. despair. b. initiative vs. guilt. c. identity vs. role confusion. d. industry vs. inferiority.
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c. identity vs. role confusion.
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27. Raul's family maintains a strong ethnic identity. To increase his chances of doing well in college he should: a. assimilate with non-Hispanic students. b. hide his ethnic identity and attempt to blend in. c. remain alienated from non-Hispanic students. d. resist both assimilation and alienation.
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d. resist both assimilation and alienation.
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28. Which is generally the most fluid during emerging adulthood? a. one's gender identity b. one's political identity c. one's vocational identity d. one's religious identity
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c. one's vocational identity
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29. Recent research suggests that commitment to one career may _____ compared to vocational flexibility. a. lead to more wealth b. increase vocational success c. restrict vocational success d. lead to job security
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c. restrict vocational success
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30. During emerging adulthood, self-esteem and happiness _____ for most people. a. decrease b. increase c. stay the same d. fluctuate
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b. increase
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31. Joel was a very aggressive 4-year-old boy. During emerging adulthood, he is MOST likely to: a. drop out of school. b. be arrested. c. have no friends. d. find no vocation.
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a. drop out of school.
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32. On average, well-being increases in emerging adulthood, as does the incidence of: a. night terrors. b. physical ailments. c. vivid dreams. d. psychological disorders.
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d. psychological disorders.
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33. The onset of _____ peaks around age 21, with men more likely to develop the disorder than women. a. schizophrenia b. post-traumatic stress disorder c. anxiety d. bipolar disorder
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a. schizophrenia
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34. Janel is a 19-year-old who has developed a fear of interacting with people, particularly in crowded or unfamiliar settings. She has been diagnosed with: a. schizophrenia. b. emerging adulthood. c. social anxiety disorder. d. plasticity.
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c. social anxiety disorder.
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35. Personality is plastic, but a person's personality will be affected lifelong by: a. economic upswings and downturns. b. career and partner choice. c. new friends' viewpoints. d. childhood experiences.
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d. childhood experiences.
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36. According to Erikson, once an emerging adult has established a sense of identity, he or she needs to resolve which crisis? a. trust versus mistrust b. intimacy versus isolation c. generativity versus stagnation d. identity versus role confusion
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b. intimacy versus isolation
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37. For most people, social networking has _____ social isolation in emerging adulthood. a. increased b. decreased c. had no impact on d. created
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b. decreased
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38. For most Western emerging adults, what is considered the primary prerequisite for marriage? a. love b. commitment c. passion d. earning potential
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a. love
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39. What is rated as most important for successful marriage by Western emerging adults? a. love b. faithfulness c. money d. ethnic or religious similarity
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b. faithfulness
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40. According to the text, the relatively low rate of interethnic marriages is attributable to: a. bonding due to similarities, which occurs most often in one's own group. b. the very specific definitions of ethnic categories used in calculating these rates. c. disapproval of interethnic marriage by emerging adults. d. disapproval of interethnic marriage by parents.
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a. bonding due to similarities, which occurs most often in one's own group.
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41. Research has shown that parents are _____ in the lives of today's emerging adults. a. crucial b. unimportant c. a burden d. a barrier
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a. crucial
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42. Lee is clingy and very jealous, fearing that other men are after his wife. We might suspect that his early attachment pattern was: a. avoidant. b. disorganized. c. attached. d. anxious.
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d. anxious.
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43. Emerging adults who were insecurely attached as infants are more likely to _____ than those who were securely attached. a. never marry b. never divorce c. marry early and divorce d. delay marriage
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c. marry early and divorce
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44. In which nation do most unmarried young adults live in their childhood home, regardless of economic circumstances? a. the United States b. Italy c. England d. Canada
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b. Italy
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45. When parents disagree with an emerging adult's choice of partner, the young adult in _____ will be MOST apt to stop dating that person. a. the United States b. England c. Canada d. China
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d. China