PSY 101H Chapter 10

22 October 2022
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A problem that consistently interferes with one's ability to complete the sexual response cycle is called
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a sexual disorder
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Research on the sexual response cycle indicates that
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enough sperm may be released prior to male orgasm to enable conception.
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Basal metabolic rate is the body's resting rate of
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energy expenditure
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An aroused, motivated state that is often triggered by a physiological need is called a(n)
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drive
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People become obsessed with water when thirsty and obsessed with food when hungry. This illustrates that activated motives
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dominate consciousness
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The arousal theory of motivation would be most useful for understanding the aversive effects
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boredom
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In a study of 3500 British bank and university staff, men were ________ likely to be overweight than were women, and men were ________ likely to perceive themselves as overweight than were women.
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more; less
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Our weight thermostats are somewhat flexible and are influenced by psychological as well as biological factors. Some researchers have therefore adopted the term
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settling point.
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A body that can store fat has the advantage of possessing
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stored energy
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An explanation of motivation in terms of homeostasis is best illustrated by the concept of
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set point
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When a rat is food-deprived, its ________ level decreases, and the ________ produces the hunger-triggering hormone orexin.
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blood glucose; lateral hypothalamus
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Researchers have observed that the incidence of obesity and diabetes among 50,000 nurses was predicted by their
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TV viewing habits
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A deep sense of well-being results when our need for relatedness is satisfied in balance with our psychological need for
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autonomy
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According to Maslow, our need for ________ must be met before we are preoccupied with satisfying our need for ________.
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adequate clothing; self-esteem
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Research on the environmental conditions that influence sexual orientation indicates that
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the reported backgrounds of homosexuals and heterosexuals are similar.
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Research has linked women's obesity to their risk of late-life
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Alzheimer's disease
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Gender differences in erotic plasticity are best illustrated by the fact that women
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tend to be more changeable than men in sexual orientation.
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Victims of a famine will often eat unappetizing and nutritionally poor foods simply to relieve their constant hunger. Their behavior is best explained in terms of
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drive-reduction theory.
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For a thirsty person, drinking water serves to reduce
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a drive
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A birth-order effect seems to play a role in sexual orientation among
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men who are right-handed
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When an organism's weight rises above its set point, the organism is likely to experience a(n)
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decrease in hunger and an increase in basal metabolic rate.
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The descriptions of orgasm written by men and women are ________, and the subcortical brain regions active in men and women during orgasm are ________.
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similar; similar
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A body that can store fat has the advantage of possessing
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stored energy
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Unlike those with bulimia nervosa, those with binge-eating disorders are not likely to ________ following binge eating.
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engage in excessive exercise
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Researchers observed that the ________ levels of heterosexual male collegians were especially likely to increase while they were conversing with a ________ student
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testosterone; female
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Victims of a famine will often eat unappetizing and nutritionally poor foods simply to relieve their constant hunger. Their behavior is best explained in terms of
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drive-reduction theory
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Which theory would be most likely to predict that rats are motivated to explore precisely those areas of an experimental maze where they receive mild electric shocks?
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arousal theory
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Foolish conformity to peer pressure is most likely to be motivated by ________ needs
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belongingness
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Research has found that an animal's sexual orientation can be altered by
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manipulations of prenatal hormone conditions
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By manipulating a single gene, scientists have been able to control sexual orientation in
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fruit flies
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Many sexually active American adolescents fail to avoid pregnancy because
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they have mistaken ideas about effective birth control methods.
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Researchers have observed that the incidence of obesity and diabetes among 50,000 nurses was predicted by their
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TV viewing habits
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On some college football teams, players are rewarded for outstanding performance with a gold star on their helmets. This practice best illustrates the use of
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incentives
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The maternal relatives of homosexual men produce ________ offspring than the maternal relatives of heterosexual men, and male homosexuality is more likely to be transmitted by genes from the ________ side of the family.
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more; mother's
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Gender differences in erotic plasticity are best illustrated by the fact that women
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tend to be more changeable than men in sexual orientation
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With respect to sex research and human values, the text suggests that
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sex research and education should be accompanied by open consideration of sexual values.
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When a person's weight falls below its set point, the organism is likely to experience a(n
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increase in hunger and a decrease in its metabolic rate.
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When people's images on a video monitor are widened to make them look fatter, observers perceive them as
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less sincere and less friendly
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An explanation of motivation in terms of homeostasis is best illustrated by the concept of
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set point
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John has a BMI of 35 and is desperate to get it down to at least 25. He is trying a low-sugar, low-carbohydrate diet. John is likely to have difficulty losing weight while dieting because
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fat tissue can be maintained by fewer calories than can other body tissues.