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Periodic Table

Valor Allen avatar Valor Allen
25 July 2022
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The vertical columns on the periodic table are called
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groups
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The horizontal rows on the periodic table are called
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periods
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Most of the elements in the periodic table are classified as
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metals
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The elements that touch the zigzag line are classified as
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metalloids
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The elements in the far upper right corner are classified as
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non-metals. Most upper right corner starts noble gases.
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Elements in the first group have one outer shell electron and are extremely reactive. They are called
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alkalai metals
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Elements in the second group have 2 outer shell electrons and are also very reactive. They are called
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alkalai earth metals
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Elements in groups 3 through 12 have many useful properties and are called
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transition metals
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Elements in group 17 are known as "salt formers". They are called
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halogens
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Elements in group 18 are very unreactive. They are said to be "inert". We call these the
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noble gases
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The elements at the bottom of the table were pulled out to keep the table from becoming too long. The first period at the bottom called the
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lanthanides
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The second period at the bottom of the table is called the
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actinides
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What is the name of the particle that has a positive charge and is located in the atom's nucleus?
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proton
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What is the name of the particle that has no charge and is located in the atom's nucleus?
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neutron
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What is the name of the particle that has a negative charge and is located outside the atom's nucleus?
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electron
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Which Groups contain metals so active that they are mainly found in compounds, and rarely "pure"?
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Group 1 and 2 (alkalai and alkalai earth metals)
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Which elements are noble gases and why is "8 great"?
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noble gases have complete outer shells. The octet rule is achieved and they do not bond because they are already stable. Stable atoms have 8 electrons in the outer shell.
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Which Noble Gas has the most energy shells?
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Radon
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Which element contains more energy, Boron or Aluminum?
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Aluminum
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Is hydrogen a metal or nonmetal?
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nonmetal
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Why is hydrogen placed in the position that it is within the periodic table?
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It has 1 VE, but it has nothing else in common with group 1.
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Give me the chemical symbol for Group 15, period 4 element:
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Arsenic
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How many protons are in the element at the position Group 2, period 7?
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Radium
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What is the number of protons, neutrons and electrons in Bromine?
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protons = 35 electrons = 35 neutrons = 44.904 or 45
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The atomic number is the same as the
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protons
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The group number is the same as the
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valence electrons
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How are elements arranged on the periodic table?
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According to atomic number
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Do elements in the Noble Gas family share characteristics?
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They do. All members of a group (except Hydrogen and pd 1) share characteristics. Group 8, Noble gases, all have 8 outer electrons (VE), which means they are all stable and do not bond readily. The outer shell of each these elements is already full.
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Do elements in Period 2 share characteristics? Explain.
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NO. For instance, you have Potassium (a highly reactive metal) in Group 1, period 4. If you read across this period you will come across: transition metalsmetalloidhalogennoble gas. They do have the same amount of energy levels, but this does not predict the actual characteristics of an element (reactive, nonreactive, metal/non, etc).
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What is a metalloid and list the elements that fall into this classification.
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These are elements that have some properties of metals and some properties of nonmetals. They are on either side of the 'staircase' (except Aluminum)
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Describe the process you would use to determine the amount of neutrons in 1 atom of an element.
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Determine the number of protons (atomic #) and subtract this from the atomic mass (which is protons + neutrons)
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How many valence electrons are in Bromine?
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7
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Describe the process you would use to determine the number of valence electrons in 1 atom of an element.
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Read the group # from the periodic table. The group number is the same as the number of valence electrons. For groups 13-18, drop the 1. Ex: Group 13 has 3 VE, Group 14 has 4 VE, etc.
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Why are valence electrons important?
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These are the electrons involved in bonding
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This period 3 element is in the Carbon Family
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Silicon
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This Group 2 element has more protons than Carbon but less than Oxygen.
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Nitrogen
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This Alkaline Earth metal has a higher atomic number than Rubidium but less neutrons than Rhodium.
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Strontium
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This element has a atomic number greater than Copper but less than Gallium.
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Zinc
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This Group 2 element has fewer protons than Bromine, but more than sulfur.
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Calcium
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This element has three energy levels and 2 valence electrons.
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Magnesium
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This element has 3 valence electrons and less protons than Magnesium.
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Boron
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This element is the smallest element in the Noble Gas family
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Helium
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This element has more neutrons than any other Noble Gas.
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Radon
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This element is the only non-metal on the left side of the staircase.
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Hydrogen
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Write a clue for Neon.
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This element is in group 18 and has 2 shells.
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This element is in the Halogen family and has 5 energy levels.
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Iodine