Operations Management Chapter 6

Which of the following is not a process commonly considered in making products or delivering services? A. continuous B. batch C. repetitive D. job shop E. subcontracting

The type of processing system which is used for highly standardized products is: A. continuous B. intermittent C. project D. batch E. unit

Cellular layout is a term associated with: A. wireless telecommunication B. part families C. functional (or process) layouts D. assembly lines E. job shops

The substitution of machinery that has sensing and control devices for human labor is best described by the term: A. automation B. feedback control C. computer-aided manufacturing D. computer-integrated manufacturing E. flexible manufacturing system

Computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) refers to the use of computers in: A. product design B. decision making C. data analysis D. quality control E. process control

A group of machines including supervisory computer control, automatic material handling, and possibly robots is called: A. computer aided design B. a manufacturing cell C. computer-aided manufacturing D. computer-integrated manufacturing E. a flexible manufacturing system

In which type of operations are you likely to see, at most, only minor variations in the product or service being produced using the same process and the same equipment? A. a project B. a job shop C. repetitive production D. batch processing E. continuous production

The process of assigning tasks to workstations in such a way that the workstations have approximately equal time requirements is called: A. fair employment practices B. idle time analysis C. line balancing D. cycle time optimization E. none of the above

An operations strategy for process selection should recognize that: A. process selection seldom requires technical expertise B. engineering "white elephants" are uncommon C. there is little need to manage technology D. flexibility is not always the best choice E. most technical skills can be contracted out to consultants

Layout planning is required because of: (I) Efficient operations (II) Accidents or safety hazards (III) New products or services (IV) Morale problems A. I and II B. II and IV C. I and III D. II, III, and IV E. I, II, III, and IV

The advantages of automation include: (I) Reduced output variability. (II) Reduced variable costs. (III) Machines don't strike or file grievances. (IV) Machines are always less expensive than human labor. A. I and IV B. II and III C. I, II, and III D. I and III E. II and IV

The benefits of flexible manufacturing systems (FMS) include: A. reduced labor costs B. higher flexibility than automation C. quick changeover from part to part D. significantly lower unit costs E. all of the above

Which type of processing system tends to produce the most product variety? A. Assembly B. Job-Shop C. Batch D. Continuous E. Project

In which type of processing system would gasoline be produced from crude oil? A. Job Shop B. Batch C. Assembly D. Continuous E. Project

Which of the following is not a characteristic of layout decisions in system design? A. substantial investment of both money and effort B. long-term commitment C. significant impact on short-term efficiency D. usually well-received by operative personnel E. all of the above

An example of automated services is A. on-line banking B. build your own pizza C. haircuts D. massage parlors E. all are examples of automated services

Which one of the following is not common to product layouts? A. a high rate of output B. specialization of labor C. low unit costs D. ability to adjust to changes in demand E. all are common

Which one of the following is not considered an important factor in service layout design? A. cost minimization and product flow B. frequency of orders C. customer attitude and image D. all are important E. none are important

The type of layout which features departments or other functional groupings in which similar activities are performed is: A. process B. product C. fixed-position D. mass E. unit

Which of the following is not true about process layouts when they are compared to product layouts? A. higher in-process inventories B. lower span of supervision C. lower rates of output D. more involved cost accounting E. lower unit costs

The type of layout in which workers, materials, and equipment are moved to the product as needed is: A. process B. product C. fixed-position D. batch E. mass

The grouping of equipment by the operations needed to perform similar work for part families is: A. product layout B. cellular manufacturing layout C. functional layout D. fixed-position layout E. process layout

Which term is most closely associated with cellular manufacturing? A. part families B. assembly line C. robotics D. CAD E. CAM

Laser technology used in surgical procedures is an example of technological advances in: A. Product B. Service C. Process D. Information E. Reverse Engineering

Product profiling links key product or service requirements to: A. Market conditions B. Order sizes C. Pricing strategies D. Schedule changes E. Process capabilities

Layout design has many objectives, one of which is ______. A. reduce bottlenecks B. move materials and workers simultaneously C. use workers and space efficiently D. hold material handling costs to 27% or less E. install computer terminals every 500 feet

Which phrase most closely describes flexible manufacturing systems? A. a variation of CAD B. a more fully automated version of cellular manufacturing C. manufacturing resource planning D. a process layout with a manufacturing overlay E. an approach that allows workers to begin work at a time of their choosing

A service organization (for example, a hospital) is likely to use a ________ layout because of variability in customer processing requirements. A. project B. process C. flow D. assembly E. non-repetitive

In a product layout, the task of deciding how to assign work to specific stations is referred to as: A. process balancing B. task allocation C. line balancing D. work allocation E. station balancing

The minimum possible cycle time in a product layout is determined by the: A. longest task time B. shortest task time C. average task time D. total task time E. none of the above

Daily capacity of a product layout is determined by: A. cycle time divided by operating time B. operating time divided by cycle time C. operating time divided by total task time D. total task time divided by cycle time E. cycle time divided by total task time

The maximum allowable cycle time is computed as: A. daily operating time divided by the desired output B. desired output divided by the daily operating time C. daily operating time divided by the product of the desired output and the sum of job times D. the product of desired output and the sum of job times divided by daily operating time E. 1.00 minus station time

The main issue in the design of process layouts for service operations concerns the relative positioning of: A. workstations. B. processing components. C. departments. D. entrances, loading docks, etc. E. manufacturing cells.

Which of the following is not an information requirement for the design of a process layout? A. a list of departments or work centers B. a projection of work flows between the work centers C. the distance between locations D. the cost per unit of distance to move loads E. a list of product cycle times for every product manufactured

Which of the following is not an approach that companies use to achieve a smooth flow of production? A. line balancing heuristics B. parallel workstations C. dynamic line balancing (Cross train workers) D. mixed model line E. Companies use all of these.

A common goal in designing process layouts is: A. minimizing the number of workers B. minimizing idle time C. minimizing transportation costs D. maximizing work-station productive time E. maximizing transportation distances

In the use of closeness ratings for process layouts, the code "U" means the closeness between two departments is: A. (U)nknown B. (U)nusually important C. of (U)sual importance D. (U)nimportant E. (U)ndesirable

Which closeness rating reflects the undesirability of having two departments located near each other? A. A B. E C. I D. U E. X

Which closeness rating reflects the highest importance for two departments being close to each other? A. A B. E C. I D. U E. X Closeness ratings denoted "A" should be encouraged.

Which closeness rating reflects indifference on the nearness or lack of nearness of two departments? A. A B. E C. I D. U E. X

Heuristic rules are used primarily in which of these types of layouts? (I) Product (II) Process (III) Fixed-position A. I B. II C. I and III D. I and II E. II and III

Heuristic rules are usually applied when: A. an optimum is necessary B. a computer program isn't available C. a problem has a small number of alternatives D. a problem has a large number of alternatives E. other approaches have failed

An advantage of a U-shaped production line is that it: A. is more compact. B. permits better communication among employees. C. facilitates teamwork among workers. D. increases flexibility of work assignments. E. all of the above

Which of these items would be most likely to be made with a fixed position layout? A. a Boeing 777 jet aircraft B. applesauce C. a computer chip D. toothpaste E. all of these

A product focused, single piece flow, pull production system would be called a: A. cellular layout B. job shop C. assembly line D. non-repetitive process E. continuous flow

Which one of these is a tool used to tell a machine the details of the operations to be performed? A. CNC B. CIM C. CAD D. CAM E. automation

Which of the following is a primary concern for process selection? A. variety in products/services B. flexibility of equipment C. volume of output D. all of the above E. none of the above

Which of the following process types would be more likely to be used in the introductory phase of a product's life-cycle? A. continuous B. intermittent C. project D. batch E. job shop

Which of the following process types would be more likely to be used in the maturity phase of a product's life-cycle? A. continuous B. intermittent C. project D. batch E. job shop

What is it about job shops that make them appropriate for products in the introductory phase of their life-cycle? A. efficiency B. technology C. flexibility D. high volume capacity E. rigidity

What is it about continuous processes that make them appropriate for products in the maturity phase of their life-cycle? A. efficiency B. general-purpose technology C. possible variety D. low risk E. flexibility

Although they do not guarantee optimal solutions, ______________ are useful in finding reasonable solutions when the number of possible options is overwhelming. A. cellular layouts B. heuristics C. logistics D. CAM E. CAD