Musculoskeletal Care Modalities Ch 40 (Brunner & Suddarth's) NCLEX

25 July 2022
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question
Which device is designed specifically to support and immobilize a body part in a desired position? a) Continuous passive motion (CPM) device b) Trapeze c) Splint d) Brace
answer
c) Splint A splint may be applied to a fractured extremity initially until swelling subsides.
question
The nurse teaches the client which intervention to avoid hip dislocation after replacement surgery? a) Avoid placing a pillow between the legs when sleeping b) Keep the knees together at all times c) Bend forward only when seated in a chair d) Never cross the affected leg when seated
answer
d) Never cross the affected leg when seated
question
The nurse teaching the client with a cast about home care includes which instruction? a) Cover the cast with plastic or rubber b) Keep the cast below heart level c) Fix a broken cast by applying tape d) Dry a wet fiberglass cast thoroughly to avoid skin problems
answer
d) Dry a wet fiberglass cast thoroughly to avoid skin problems **Teach the client to keep the cast dry, to dry a wet fiberglass cast thoroughly to avoid skin problems, and not to cover it with plastic or rubber. -A cast should be kept dry, but do not cover it with plastic or rubber because this causes condensation, which dampens the cast and skin.
question
Which is a benefit of a continuous passive motion (CPM) device when applied after knee surgery? a) It prevents infection and controls edema and bleeding. b) It promotes healing by immobilizing the knee joint. c) It promotes healing by increasing circulation and movement of the knee joint. d) It provides active ROM.
answer
c) It promotes healing by increasing circulation and mvmt of the knee joint.
question
Which nursing action would help prevent DVT in a client who has had an orthopedic surgery? a) Apply anti-embolism stockings b) Instruct about exercise, as prescribed c) Instruct about using client-controlled analgesia, if prescribed d) Apply cold packs
answer
a) Apply anti-embolism stockings
question
Which type of cast encloses the truck and a lower extremity? a) Short-leg b) Hip spica c) Body Cast d) Long-leg
answer
b) Hip spica
question
Which statement is accurate regarding care of a plaster cast? a) A dry plaster cast is dull and gray b) The cast can be dented while it is damp c) The cast must be covered with a blanket to keep it moist during the first 24 hours d) The cast will dry in about 12 hours
answer
b) The cast can be dented while it is damp.
question
What would be an inappropriate initial pain relief measure for the client with a cast? a) Application of a new cast b) Administration of analgesics c) Elevation of the involved part d) Application of cold packs
answer
a) Application of a new cast Most pain can be relieved by elevating the casted part of the body, and by applying cold packs as prescribed and administering analgesics.
question
Which would be contraindicated as a component of self-care activities for the client with a cast? a) Do not attempt to scratch the skin under a cast b) Cushioning rough edges of the cast with tape c) Cover the cast with plastic to insulate it d) Elevate the casted extremity to heart level frequently
answer
c) Cover the cast with plastic to insulate it The cast should be kept dry, but do not cover it with plastic or rubber because this causes condensation, which dampens the cast and skin.
question
Which is an inaccurate principle of traction? a) The weights are not removed unless intermittent treatment is prescribed. b) The weights must hang freely c) The client must be in good alignment in the center of the bed d) Skeletal traction is interrupted to turn and reposition the client.
answer
d) Skeletal traction is interrupted to turn and reposition the client. **Skeletal traction is never interrupted.
question
Which term describes a surgical procedure to release constricting muscle fascia so as to relieve muscle tissue pressure? a) Fasciotomy b) Arthroplasty c) Arthrodesis d) Osteotomy
answer
a) Fasciotomy -Osteotomy=surgical cutting of bone -Arthroplasty=surgical repair of a joint -Arthrodesis=surgical fusion of a joint
question
Which cleansing solution is the most effective for use in completing pin site care? a) Betadine b) Chlorhexidine c)Alcohol d) Hydrogen Peroxide
answer
b) Chlorhexidine Chlorhexidine solution is recommended as the most effective cleansing solution; however water and saline are alternate choices .
question
Which orthopedic surgery is done to correct and align a fracture after surgical dissection and exposure of the fracture? a) Joint arthroplasty b) Open reduction c) Total join arthroplasty d) Arthrodesis
answer
b) Open reduction
question
What is an inappropriate use of traction? a) Decrease space between opposing structures b) Reduce deformity c) Minimize muscle spasms d) Immobilize a fracture
answer
a) Decrease space between opposing structures **Traction is done to increase the space between opposing surfaces. Traction is used to minimize muscle spasms, to reduce, align, and immobilize fractures and to reduce deformity.
question
Meniscectomy refers to the a) removal of a body part b) incision and diversion of the muscle fascia c) replacement of one of the articular surfaces of a joint d) excision of damaged joint fibrocartilage
answer
d) excision of damaged joint fibrocartilage. The m/c site for meniscectomy is the knee; the procedure refers to the excision of damaged joint fibrocartilage.
question
Which interventions should a nurse implement as part of initial pain relief for the client with a cast? Select all that apply. a) Elevate the involved part b) Administer analgesics c) Apply cold packs d) Provide passive ROM e) Apply a new cast
answer
a) Elevate the involved part b) administer analgesics c) apply cold packs