To overcome an object's inertia, it must be acted upon by __________.
A.
gravity
B.
energy
C.
force
D.
acceleration
answer
C. force
question
What tissue connects muscles to bones?
A.
ligaments
B.
tendons
C.
cartilage
D.
smooth muscle
answer
B. tendons
question
What is kinetic energy?
A.
the energy an object has due to its motion
B.
the energy derived from chemical reactions
C.
the energy an object has due to its position
D.
the energy an object releases as heat
answer
A.
the energy an object has due to its motion
question
Explain why a seesaw is closest in arrangement to a first class lever.
answer
The seesaw is a long lever arm with the load at one end, the effort at the opposite end, and the fulcrum in the center. With both the second and third class levers, however, the fulcrum is at one end of the lever and both the load and effort are on one side of the fulcrum. The seesaw is closest in arrangement to a first class lever because it is the only class of lever with the fulcrum between the load and effort.
question
Explain the difference between mass and weight for objects on Earth and on the Moon.
answer
Mass is a measure of an object's inertial force, or how much it resists motion, and of the amount of matter in it. Weight is the measure of gravity's pull on objects. Mass is independent of gravity, so the mass of an object will be the same on both Earth and the Moon. Because weight is dependent upon gravity, and the Earth has a greater force of gravity than the Moon, an object on the Earth will weigh more than it will on the Moon.
question
Explain how Newton's law of inertia describes the motion of objects.
answer
According to Newton's first law, the law of inertia, an object's velocity will not change unless it is acted upon by an outside force. This means that objects at rest tend to stay at rest, and objects in motion tend to stay in motion.
question
The most common lever in the human body is the __________.
A.
first class lever
B.
second class lever
C.
third class lever
D.
fourth class lever
answer
C. third class
question
The neck is a __________.
A.
first class lever
B.
second class lever
C.
third class lever
D.
fourth class lever
answer
A. first class lever
question
Explain what distinguishes first class levers from second and third class levers.
answer
First class levers have the fulcrum between the load and effort. This distinguishes first class levers from second and third class levers, where the load and effort are both on one side of the fulcrum.
question
Explain what is meant by the term mechanical advantage.
answer
Levers are tools that allow a small effort to move significantly larger loads. This apparent magnification of the force applied to a lever, and the force resulting from it, is called its mechanical advantage.
question
Which of the following is NOT a component of a lever?
A.
effort
B.
tension
C.
fulcrum
D.
load
answer
B
question
What is the difference between velocity and acceleration?
A.
Velocity describes an object's position and acceleration describes how fast it moves.
B.
Velocity is how fast an object moves and acceleration is the rate of change in velocity.
C.
Velocity is used to determine the magnitude of force acting on an object, and acceleration isn't.
D.
Velocity is a time-dependent property of an object, while acceleration is not.
answer
B
question
Second and third class levers are differentiated by __________.
A.
the location of the fulcrum
B.
the location of the load
C.
the presence of multiple loads
D.
the type of fulcrum present
answer
B
question
According to Newton's second law of motion, force is equal to mass times acceleration.
answer
T
question
What lever has resistance between the axis (fulcrum) and the force (effort)?
A.
first
B.
second
C.
third
D.
fourth
answer
B
question
The elbow is considered a third class lever because __________.
A.
the effort is applied further from the fulcrum than the load
B.
the effort is applied closer to the fulcrum than the load
C.
the fulcrum is in the center of the lever
D.
the elbow is used to lift objects
answer
B
question
What is BEST to say about a runner who is running at a constant velocity?
A.
Their acceleration is positive.
B.
Their acceleration is negative.
C.
Their acceleration is zero.
D.
Their acceleration cannot be determined.
answer
C
question
A balance uses small metal weights of known mass to determine the mass of a substance. Where would a balance NOT function correctly?
A.
in a vacuum on Earth
B.
on the Moon's surface
C.
on the Earth's highest mountain
D.
in a zero gravity environment
answer
D
question
What distinguishes mass from weight?
A.
Mass is a measure of the amount of matter in an object, while weight is a measure of the force of gravity on the object.
B.
Weight is a measure of the amount of matter in an object, while mass is a measure of the force of gravity on the object.
C.
Mass is a measure of an object's inertial force, and weight is the force exerted by that object on other objects.
D.
Mass and weight are synonyms and ultimately describe the same principle.
answer
A
question
Matter is __________.
A.
the amount of energy contained within an object
B.
a measure of the force gravity exerts on objects
C.
something that has mass and occupies space
D.
a measure of an object's inertial force
answer
C
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