Microbiology Study Questions

all of the following are correct about prokaryotes, except A. they are smaller than eukaryotes B. they lack a nucleus C. they are less complex than eukaryotes D. they have organelles E. they are found nearly everywhere

which activity is an example of biotechnology? A. bacteria in the soil secreting an antibiotic to kill competitors B. a microbiologist using the microscope to study bacteria C. humans using yeast to make beer and wine D. Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the lungs causing tuberculosis E. public health officials monitoring disease in a community

all of the following pertain to photosynthesis, except A. it occurs only in members of the kingdo plantae B. carbon dioxide is converted to organic material C. it contributes to the oxygen content in the atmosphere D. it is fueled by light E. it is important to each ecosystem's flow of energy and food

a scientist studying the sequence of nucleotides in the rRNA of a bacterial species is working on A. determining evolutionary relatedness B. bioremediation C. recombinant DNA D. nomenclature E. determining if that species is the cause of a new disease

____ are the group of microorganisms composed only of hereditary material wrapped in a protein covering

when humans manipulate the genes of microorganisms the process is called A. bioremediation B. genetic engineering C. epidemiology D. immunology E. taxonomy

which of the following are the main decomposers of the earth? A. bacteria and fungi B. bacteria and viruses C. algae and viruses D. protists and fungi E. all organisms are decomposers

which of the following is a taxon that contains all the other taxa listed? A. species B. phylum C. kingdom D. genus E. family

____ is the area of biology that states that living things undergo gradual structural and functional changes over long periods of time

during a scientific experiment, the control group is used to directly test or measure the consequences of a variable in the study. true or false

when microbes are introduced into the environment to restore stability, the process is called A. bioremediation B. genetic engineering C. epidemiology D. immunology E. taxonomy

Taxonomy does not involve a. nomenclature b. classification c. taxa d. identification e. koch's postulates

a hypothesis must be tested before it can be considered a theory. true or false

all microorganisms are best defined as organisms that a. cause human disease b. lack a cell nucleus c. are infectious particles d. are too small to be seen with the unaided eye e. can only be found growing in laboratories

disease-causing microorganisms are called a. decomposers b. prokaryotes c. pathogens d. eukaryotes e. fermenters

koch;s postulates are criteria used to establish that a. microbes are found on dust particles b. a specific microbe is the cause of a specific disease c. life forms can only arise from preexisting life forms d. a specific microbe should be classified in a specific kingdom e. microbes can be used to clean up toxic spills

a scientist studying helminths is working with bacteria. true or false

a scientist discovers a new microbial species. it is a single-celled eukaryote without cell walls. in which kingdom will it likely be classified? a. monera b. protista c. fungi d. animalia e. plantae

all organisms are parasites. true or false

bacteria and fungi are important in bioremediation. these decomposers are also called ____. a. strict aerobes b. strict anaerobes c. saprobes d. predators e. parasites

all of the following contribute to the rise of emerging disease, except a. the decrease in drug resistant bacteria b. human encroachment on wild habitats c. changes in agricultural practices d. populations are more mobile

the scientific field called ___ is involved in the identification, classification, and naming of organisms.

the term sterile means free of all life forms. true or false

helminths are a. bacteria b. protozoa c. molds d. parasitic worms e. infectious particles

living things ordinarily too small to be seen with the unaided eye are termed ____.

members of the kingdom fungi are photosynthetic. true or false

which of the following are not considered microorganisms a. mosquitos b. protozoa c. bacteria d. viruses e. fungi

a scientist collects grass clippings to find the source of an outbreak of tularemia is an example of working in the field of a. food microbiology b. epidemiology c. agricultural microbiology d. genetic engineering e. biotechnology

which scientist showed that anthrax was caused by the bacterium Bacillus anthracis? a. joseph lister b. ignaz semmelweis c. robert koch d. louis pasteur e. antonie van leeuwenhoek

which of the following diseases is transmitted by mosquitoes? a. diarrheal diseases b. tuberculosis c. malaria d. septicemia e. influenze

which scientific discovered heat resistant bacterial spores? a. lister b. semmelweis c. koch d. cohn e. leeuwenhoek

the microorganisms that recycle nutrients by breaking down dead matter and wastes are called a. decomposers b. prokaryotes c. pathogens d. eukaryotes e. fermenters

the study of evolutionary relationships among organisms is called a. biotechnology b. genetics c. recombinant DNA d. phylogeny e. taxonomy

pasteur used swan-neck flasks in his experiments to prove that a. air had vital forces capable of spontaneous generation b. microbial fermentation could be used to make wine c. dust in air was a source of living organisms d. microorganisms could cause disease e. microorganisms could be grown in lab infusions

the surgeon who advocated using disinfectants on hands and in the air prior to surgery was a. lister b. semmelweis c. koch d. pasteur e. leeuwenhoek

which kingdom does not contain any eukaryotes? a. monera b. protista c. mycetae d. plantae e. animalia

the fossil record has established that prokaryotes existed on earth for approximately 2 billion years before eukaryotes appeared. true or false

which of the following is a unique characteristic of viruses that distinguishes them from the other major groups of microorganisms? a. cause human disease b. lack of nucleus c. cannot be seen without a microscope d. contain genetic material e. lack cell nucleus

once an organism is assigned to a particular taxonomic hierarchy, it is permanent and cannot be revised. true or false

members of the same species share many more characteristics compared to those shared by members of the same kingdom. true or false

which of the following is a scientific name? a. bacteria b. protista c. species d. Bacillus subtilis e. bacilli

the dutch merchant who made and used quality magnifying lenses to see and record microorganisms was a. Redi b. Leeuwenhoek c. pasteur d. lister e. koch

which of the following branches of microbiology is utilized in diagnosing or treating someone who is broken out in hives and experiencing respiratory distress due to an exposure of microbial toxins? a. agricultural microbiology b. epidemiology c. biotechnology d. immunology e. industrial microbiology

it has been over 25 years since a new infectious disease has emerged in the new world. true or false

a scientist that constructs a hypothesis and then tests its validity by outlining predicted events of the hypothesis followed by experiments to test for those events is using ____ approach

the names of the three proposed domains are: bacteria, protista, eukarya. true or false

the scientist(s) that proposed assigning organisms to one of three domains is(are): a. koch and pasteur b. leeuwenhoek c. woese and fox d. whittaker e. redi

spontaneous generation is the belief that a. germs cause infectious disease b. microbes are diverse and ubiquitous c. microbes placed in an infusion can grow in it d. aseptic techniques reduce microbes in medical settings e. living things arise from nonliving matter

viruses are not classified in any of whittaker's 5 kingdoms. true or false

select the correct descending taxonomic hierarchy (left to right): a. family, order, class b. family, genus, species c. genus, species, family d. class, phylum, order e. kingdom, domain, phylum

in whittaker's system, the protozoa and algae are classified in the kingdom a. monera b. protista c. mycetae d. plantae e. animalia

where are you most likely to find bacteria belonging to the domain archaea? a. a humans large intestine b. in a hot spring c. a pong d. a sewage treatment plan e. a beer production facility

which of the following is the correct way to type the scientific name of this bacterium? a. Staph Aureus b. Staphyloccus Aureus c. Staphyloccus aureus d. Staphylococcus Aureus (underlined) e. S. Aureus

one distinguishing characteristic of the archaebacteria is that they live in extreme environments. true or false

when assigning a scientific name to an organism, a. the species name is capitalized b. the species name is placed first c. the species name can be abbreviated d. both genus and species names are capitalized e. both genus and species names are italicized or underlined

which of the following is not a process in the scientific method? a. belief in a preconceived idea b. formulate a hypothesis c. systematic observation d. laboratory experimentation e. development of a theory

the scientific method involves formulating a tentative explanation, called the hypothesis, to account for what has been observed or measure. true or false

Cyanide is a chemical used to dissolve gold and is harmful to the environment and organisms living there. A couple of biochemists came up with the idea of using the bacteria in the genus Pseudomonas to break down the cyanide used by a gold mining company. This use of bacteria is a good example of ____. a. bioremediation b. immunology c. astromicrobiology d. british physiology e. epidemiology

the smallest and most significant taxon is a. genus b. species c. kingdom d. family e. phylum

organisms called parasites are a. always classified in the kingdom monera b. always harmful in their host c. the decomposers in ecosystems d. always viruses e. free-living

the microorganisms that do not have a nucleus in their cells are called a. decomposers b. prokaryotes c. pathogens d. eukaryotes e. fermenters

which of the following diseases probably involves microbial infection? a. gastric ulcers b. female infertility c. coronary artery disease d. cervical cancer e. all of the choices are correct

the most common infectious cause of death worldwide is a. HIV/AIDS b. stroke c. heart disease d. cancer e. malaria

if two atoms have the same number of protons and electrons but different numbers of neutrons, they would be a. different elements b. isotopes of the same element c. ions of the same...

molecules where atoms share electrons contain a. covalent bonds b. ionic bonds c. hydrogen bonds d. none of the above

in a light microscope, the objective lens forms the ____ image, which then is magnified by the ocular lens to form the ____ image that is received by the eye a. real; virtual b. virtual; true c. backwards; real d. virtual; real

The type of culture most frequently used in the laboratory which contains only a single species of microbe: a. pure b. sub c. mixed d. contaminated

a second-level culture where an isolated colony from one culture is taken and transferred into a new medium a. pure b. sub c. mixed d. contaminated

a culture which contains two or more species which can be easily differentiated a. pure b. sub c. mixed d. contaminated

a culture which contains one or more unwanted and often unidentified microbes a. pure b. sub c. mixed d. contaminated

which type of media is liquid a. nutrient broth b. nutrient agar c. motility test medium

which type of medium is solid a. nutrient broth b. nutrient agar c. motility test medium

which type of medium is semi-solid a. nutrient broth b. nutrient agar c. motility test medium

Blood agar uses sheep blood to help grow fastidious microbes including streptococci. a. enriched b. selective c. differential d. chemical e. complex

MacConkey agar isolates gram-negative enteric bacteria by inhibiting growth of gram-positive bacteria. a. enriched b. selective c. differential d. chemical e. complex

Staphylococcus aureus can be identified on mannitol salt agar (MSA) because it ferments the mannitol, changing the color of the agar from pink to yellow. a. enriched b. selective c. differential d. chemical e. complex

Also known as synthetic media, this type of media has a defined molecular content and varies very little from one source to another. a. enriched b. selective c. differential d. chemical e. complex

Also known as non-synthetic media, these media cannot be chemically defined because they are partly produced from organic extracts of tissues, cells, or other biological materials. a. enriched b. selective c. differential d. chemical e. complex

process of adding a microbe to a growth material a. inoculation b. medium c. culture

the material which provides the nutrients for growth a. inoculation b. medium c. culture

to cultivate or observable growth a. inoculation b. medium c. culture

the ability to make objects appear larger in order to view them is known as ____ while being able to see detail and distinguish between separate objects is known as _____. a. resolution; magnification b. magnification; resolution c. contrast; resolution d. magnification; contrast

Process of adding a microbial sample to growth media which will support the growth of the desired microbe a. inoculation b. incubation c. isolation d. inspection e. information gathering f. identification

Process of exposing the microbe to the specific environmental conditions appropriate for growth a. inoculation b. incubation c. isolation d. inspection e. information gathering f. identification

Process of separating individual microbes and achieving colonies which are macroscopically distinguishable a. inoculation b. incubation c. isolation d. inspection e. information gathering f. identification

Process of observing microbes both macroscopically and microscopically a. inoculation b. incubation c. isolation d. inspection e. information gathering f. identification

Process of analyzing a microbe to examine its characteristics, including but not limited to its biochemical properties and genetic makeup a. inoculation b. incubation c. isolation d. inspection e. information gathering f. identification

Process of analyzing data previously collected to make a determination of the microbes) present in a sample a. inoculation b. incubation c. isolation d. inspection e. information gathering f. identification

A ______ stain is one where the dye adheres to the cell whereas a _______ stain is one that colors the background surrounding the cell, leaving the cell unstained. a. positive; negative b. positive; differential c. negative; positive d. simple; differential

Please select the statement which is incorrect regarding fixed preparations. a. fixed preparations can be stored and studied long term b. fixed preparations are used to view slides c. fixed preparations require cells to be spread or smeared on a slide d. fixed preparations require cells to be stained in order to view cells

true or false: all bacteria can be cultured in the laboratory

Please choose the statement which best explains the significance of microorganisms not being culturable. a. Microbes which cannot be cultured are not alive, and therefore, have no significance in human health and disease. b. microbes which cannot be cultured may be the cause of diseases which are now considered non-infectious c. There are no current methods for studying organisms which cannot be cultured. d. Microbes which cannot be cultured at this time will most likely never be cultured in the laboratory setting.