Micro Chapter 5

25 July 2022
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Which of the following is a type of cytopathic effect?
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All of the choices are correct.
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Which of the following occurs during assembly?
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A nucleocapsid is formed and viral spikes insert in host cell membrane.
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Viruses are unable to multiply outside of a host cell.
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True
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The core of every virus particle always contains
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either DNA or RNA
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Host cells of viruses include
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All of the choices are correct
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Viruses are used to produce vaccines for prevention of certain viral infections.
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True
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One of the principal capsid shapes is a 20-sided figure with 12 evenly spaced corners referred to as a(n) _____ capsid.
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icosahedral
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Helical and icosahedral are terms used to describe the shapes of a virus
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capsid
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In general, most DNA viruses multiply in the host cell's _____, while most RNA viruses multiply in the host cell's _____.
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nucleus, cytoplasm
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Viral tissue specificities are called
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tropisms
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All of the following pertain to virus envelopes except
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are located between the capsid and nucleic acid
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Which of the following is incorrect about prophages?
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cause lysis of host cells
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Viral nucleic acids include which of the following?
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All of the choices are correct.
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A fully formed virus that can cause an infection in a host cell is called a virion.
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True
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A specific animal virus has the ability to attach to and enter almost any animal host cell.
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False
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During lysogeny, an inactive prophage state occurs when the viral DNA is inserted into the
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host DNA
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Visible, clear, well-defined patches in a monolayer of virus-infected cells in a culture are called
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plaques
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A(n) _____ is the protein shell around the nucleic acid core of a virus.
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capsid
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The event that occurs in bacteriophage multiplication that does not occur in animal virus replication is
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injection of only the viral nucleic acid into the host cell.
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Satellite viruses are
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dependent on other viruses for replication.
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Spikes are glycoproteins of the virus capsid.
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True
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Infectious protein particles are called
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prions
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Which of the following is not associated with every virus?
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envelope
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The process of dissolving the envelope and capsid to release the viral nucleic acid is
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uncoating
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Creutzfeld-Jacob disease is
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a spongiform encephalopathy of humans.
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Prophages can be activated into viral replication and enter the lytic cycle.
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True
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Reverse transcriptase synthesizes
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DNA from RNA
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Lysogeny refers to
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viral genome inserting into bacterial host chromosome.
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Who developed a rabies vaccine by separating bacteria from virus using a filter?
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Pasteur
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Two noncellular agents, smaller than viruses, are the infectious proteins called _____ and the infectious RNA strands called _____.
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prions, viroids
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Virus capsids are made from subunits called
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capsomeres
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The envelope of enveloped viruses is
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is obtained by viral budding or exocytosis
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Mammalian viruses capable of starting tumors are
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oncoviruses
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A negative-sense RNA virus
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must synthesize a positive RNA copy of its genome.
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Infectious naked strands of RNA that affect plants are called
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viroids
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Viruses are the most common cause of acute infections that do not result in hospitalization.
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True
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A common method for cultivating viruses in the lab is to use in vitro systems called _____ cultures.
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cell
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Viruses attach to their hosts via
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host glycoproteins
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The activation of a prophage is called
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induction
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The adeno-associated virus (AAV) is a prion.
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False
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Oncoviruses include all the following except
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measles virus
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Viruses have all the following except
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metabolism