Micro Chapter 14

6 October 2022
4.7 (114 reviews)
51 test answers

Unlock all answers in this set

Unlock answers (47)
question
The demand for airline pilots results from the demand for air travel. This fact is an example of
answer
the derived demand for labor
question
Which of the following statements best illustrates the concept of derived demand
answer
A decline in the demand for shoes will cause the demand for leather to decline.
question
A competitive employer should hire additional labor as long as:
answer
The MRP exceeds the wage rate
question
In the United States professional football players earn much higher incomes than professional soccer players. This occurs because
answer
Consumers have a greater demand for football games than for soccer games
question
Resource pricing is important because:
answer
1. resource prices are a major determinant of money incomes 2. resources prices allocate scarce resources among alternative uses 3. resources prices, along with resource productivity, are important to firms in minimizing their costs
question
The labor demand curve of a purely competitive seller:
answer
slope downward because of diminishing marginal productivity
question
A firm will find it profitable to hire workers up to the point at which their:
answer
marginal resource cost is equal to their MRP
question
A profit-maximizing firm employs resources to the point where:
answer
MRP = MRC
question
Assume that a restaurant is hiring labor in an amount such that the MRC of the last worker is $16 and her MRP is $12. On the basis of this information we can say that:
answer
profits will be increased by hiring fewer workers
question
The labor demand curve of an imperfectly competitive seller is downsloping:
answer
both because of diminishing returns and the necessity to lower price to sell more output
question
A competitive employer is using labor in such an amount that labor's MRP is $10 and its wag rate is $8. This firm:
answer
Should hire more labor because this will increase profits
question
Which of the following will not cause a shift in the demand for resource X?
answer
a decline in the price of resource X
question
A decline in the price of resource A will:
answer
increase the demand for complementary resource B
question
Assume the price of capital falls relative to the price of labor and, as a result, the demand for labor increases. Therefore:
answer
the output effect is greater than the substitution effect
question
Which of the following will not shift the demand curve for labor?
answer
a change in the wage rate
question
Employers will hire more units of a resource if the:
answer
productivity of the resource increases
question
Which of the following statements best illustrates the concept of derived demand?
answer
A decline in the demand for shoes will cause the demand for leather to decline.
question
When economists say that the demand for labor is a derived demand, they mean that it is:
answer
related to the demand for the product or service labor is producing.
question
The demand for airline pilots results from the demand for air travel. This fact is an example of:
answer
the derived demand for labor
question
The demand for a resource depends primarily on:
answer
the demand for the product or service that it helps produce
question
The marginal revenue product schedule is:
answer
the firm's resource demand schedule
question
The MRP curve for labor:
answer
is the firm's labor demand curve also: is downsloping and shows the relationship between wage rates and the quantity of labor demanded
question
The general rule for hiring any input (say, labor) in the profit-maximizing amount is MRC = MRP. This rule takes the special form W = MRP (where W is the wage rate) when the
answer
firm is hiring labor under purely competitive conditions
question
Assuming a firm is selling its output in a purely competitive market, its resource demand curve can be determined by
answer
multiplying marginal product by product price
question
Marginal resource cost is
answer
the increase in total resource cost associated with the hire of one more unit of the resource.
question
The MRP curve is the resource demand curve for
answer
both the purely competitive and imperfectly competitive seller.
question
If a firm is selling in an imperfectly competitive product market, then
answer
the marginal products of successive workers must be sold at lower prices.
question
Other things equal, we would expect the labor demand curve of a monopolistic seller to:
answer
decline more rapidly than that of a purely competitive seller
question
Suppose the demand for strawberries rises sharply, resulting in an increased price of strawberries. As it relates to strawberry pickers, we could expect the
answer
MRP curve to shift to the right
question
Assume the price of capital falls relative to the price of labor and, as a result, the demand for labor increases. Therefore
answer
the output effect is greater than the substitution effect
question
The labor demand curve of a firm
answer
will shift to the left if the price of the product the labor is producing falls
question
Which of the following will not shift the demand curve for labor
answer
a change in the wage rate
question
If technology dictates that labor and capital must be used in fixed proportions, an increase in the price of capital will cause a firm to use
answer
less labor as a consequence of the output effect
question
If resources A and B are complementary and employed in fixed proportions
answer
an increase in the price of A will decrease the demand for B
question
Suppose capital and labor are used in fixed proportions so that each machine requires only one worker. If a decline in the price of capital occurs, then the demand for labor will
answer
increase solely because of the output effect
question
The demand curve for labor would shift leftward as the result of
answer
a decrease in the productivity of labor
question
A change in an input price will alter both production costs and the profit-maximizing output. Thus a decline in the price of capital will reduce production costs, increase the profit-maximizing output, and thereby increase the demand for labor. This describes the
answer
output effect
question
If the price of capital declines, the consequent output effect would be
answer
greater, the more elastic the demand for the product
question
Suppose the price of the product that labor is producing increases and simultaneously the price of capital, which is substitutable for labor, decreases. Assuming that the substitution effect is greater than the output effect, the demand for labor
answer
will decrease
question
Which of the following occupations is not among the ten projected fastest growing U.S. occupations in terms of percentage increases
answer
school teachers
question
Which of the following occupations is projected to be the fastest growing in the U.S. in terms of percentage increases
answer
biomedical engineers
question
The fact that monopoly and monopsony exist in resource markets means that
answer
resource prices do not always measure contributions to output
question
The marginal productivity theory of income distribution has been criticized because
answer
income from inherited property is inconsistent with the theory
question
According to the Consider This box "Superstars," the high pay of superstars reflects
answer
high marginal revenue productivit
question
Marginal revenue product (MRP) of labor refers to the
answer
increase in total revenue resulting from the hire of one more unit of labor.
question
Marginal resource cost refers to the
answer
amount by which a firm's total resource cost increases as the result of hiring one more unit of the resource
question
If a firm is hiring a certain type of labor under purely competitive conditions
answer
the labor supply and marginal labor (resource) cost curves will coincide and be perfectly elastic
question
The market supply curve for labor is upsloping because
answer
of the opportunity cost of labor in housekeeping, leisure, or alternative employment
question
firm that is hiring labor in a purely competitive labor market and selling its product in a purely competitive product market will maximize its profit by hiring labor until
answer
marginal revenue product equals marginal resource (labor) cost
question
A profit-maximizing firm will
answer
expand employment if marginal revenue product exceeds marginal resource cost
question
Indicate how the following events will shift the firm's demand curve for labor: increase it ( I ); decrease it ( D ); keep it the same ( S ) 1. ___ Technological advances increase labor's productivity. 2. ___ The wage rate increases. 3. ___ The demand for the product that labor produces decrease 4. ___ The wage rate decreases. 5. ___ Absenteeism reduces labor's productivity. 6. ___ The price of labor-saving machinery is reduced and the substitution effect is greater than the output effect
answer
1. I (Increase it) 2. S (Keeps it the same) 3. D (Decrease it) 4. S (Keeps it the same) 5. D (Decrease it) 6. D (Decrease it)