Micro Chapter 11

25 July 2022
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The anaerobic Clostridium species are troublesome pathogens largely due to their capacity for
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endospore production.
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The "giant" bacterium Epulopiscium reproduces by means of
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viviparity.
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A flexible, spiral-shaped bacterium is called a
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spirochete.
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Endospores
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can be produced when nutrients are scarce.
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What bacterial structure is responsible for separating the daughter DNA molecules after replication?
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cytoplasmic membrane
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Which of the following bacterial arrangements is the result of snapping division?
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palisades
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Pleomorphic bacteria
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vary in size and shape.
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Why are bacilli less varied than cocci in their cell arrangements?
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Bacilli divide only transversely.
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In which of the following methods of prokaryotic reproduction does the parental cell exist before AND after the reproduction event?
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budding
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A bacterial species with spherical cells that have random planes of cell division will form which of the following arrangements?
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staphylococci
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Which of the following might or might not happen during binary fission?
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separation of daughter cells
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Pairs of spherical bacterial cells are called
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diplococci.
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Classification of bacteria into different phyla is based on comparisons involving which of the following?
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both DNA and protein sequences
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Bergey's Manual contains
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classification schemes for prokaryotes.
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The grouping Archaea is which of the following in the modern taxonomic hierarchy?
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domain
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Microbes growing in boiling hot mineral springs are generally
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hyperthermophiles.
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Which of the following types of microbes might be found in the Dead Sea?
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halophiles
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Which of the following characteristics does NOT distinguish the archaea from the bacteria?
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the deoxyribonucleotides
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The Archaea were not discovered until relatively recently in the history of microbiology. Which of the following is NOT a possible reason for this?
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They evolved from the bacteria relatively recently.
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Which of the following is NOT a typical habitat for an extremophile?
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the bottom of a swamp
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Which of the following groups of archaea plays an important role in sewage treatment?
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methanogens
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Which of the following would best inhibit the growth of a hyperthermophilic archaeon?
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extremely low pH
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Pyrodictium is one example of an archaeon. It lives in deep sea vents where the temperatures can be over 300°C! Which of the following best describes this archaeon?
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hyperthermophile
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Which of the following types of archaea is most likely to grow best at human body temperature (37°C)?
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methanogens
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Pseudomonas species are occasional causes of
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urinary tract infections.
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Members of the genus Chlamydia are
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intracellular parasites.
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The genus Helicobacter is responsible for
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gastric ulcers.
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The genus Mycobacterium includes species responsible for
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tuberculosis.
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One species of the genus Streptococcus is the leading cause of
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"flesh-eating" bacterial infections.
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Listeria is responsible for
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contaminated milk and meat.
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The bacterium Bacillus cereus is
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an endospores former responsible for food poisoning from rice.
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Which of the following statements regarding mycoplasmas is FALSE?
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They stain Gram-positive.
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Which of the following bacterial genera is useful for sewage treatment?
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Zoogloea
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Which of the following statements regarding pseudomonads is FALSE?
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They are symbiotic with plants for nitrogen fixation.
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Bacteria that require hydrogen sulfide are generally members of the
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green phototrophic bacteria.
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Which of the following bacterial genera plays an important role in environmental nitrogen cycles?
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Nitrobacter, Rhizobium, and Azospirillum
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Which of the following genera does NOT include intracellular parasites of other cells?
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Borrelia
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Members of which of the following genera are the most common sexually transmitted bacteria in the United States?
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Chlamydia
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Which of the following is NOT associated with bacteria in the genus Streptomyces?
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protection of plants against caterpillars
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Which of the following bacterial genera is used for the degradation of environmental pollutants?
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Nocardia
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Which of the following groups of bacteria is named for its resemblance to fungi?
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Actinomyces
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Which of the following bacterial genera includes species that protect areas of the body such as the intestinal tract and the vagina from invasion by pathogens?
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Lactobacillus
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Which of the following bacterial genera produce(s) endospores?
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both Bacillus and Clostridium
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Mycoplasmas are pleomorphic because
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they have no cell walls.
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Which of the following diseases is NOT associated with clostridia?
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diphtheria
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Heterocysts are associated with
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cyanobacteria.
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Which of the following statements regarding cyanobacteria is FALSE?
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They may have given rise to mitochondria.
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Which of the following groups of bacteria lives in environments similar to those that may have existed on the early Earth?
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deeply branching bacteria
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A microbiologist has isolated a microbe that she has tentatively identified as Corynebacterium diphtheriae. Which of the following characteristics would be INCONSISTENT with this conclusion?
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long chains of cells
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Some chlamydias are so small that they can pass through bacteriological filters used for sterilization methods. Which of the following discoveries would assure a researcher that a bacterium had been isolated instead of a virus?
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presence of functioning ribosomes
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What is the significance of the fact that rickettsias cannot use glucose as a nutrient?
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They must live inside cells, where they have access to nutrients produced by those cells.
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Which of the following microbes can degrade a variety of environmental pollutants?
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Nocardia
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Why do cyanobacteria possess heterocysts?
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Heterocysts shield the organism's nitrogen fixation enzymes from oxygen.
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Which of the following microbes is NOT pathogenic to humans?
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Agrobacterium
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Rhizobium is important agriculturally because it supplies __________ to plants such as peas and beans.
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nitrogen
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Which of the following types of organisms uses hydrogen sulfide for reducing power?
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Purple sulfur bacteria
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In which organism would you likely find a chlorosome?
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Green sulfur bacteria
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Which of the following is a bacterium that performs oxygenic photosynthesis?
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Cyanobacteria
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What is the key difference between photoheterotrophs and photoautotrophs?
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Photoheterotrophs use organic compounds as their carbon source; photoautotrophs use carbon dioxide as their carbon source.
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Which of the following is a trait unique to photosynthetic eukaryotes?
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The presence of chloroplasts