Micro Bio Chapter 6 (1)

25 July 2022
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question
The time interval from parent cell to two new daughter cells is called the binary fission. growth curve. generation time. death phase. culture time.
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generation time.
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In _____ conditions, the cell wall will help prevent the cell from bursting. hypertonic hypotonic isotonic All of the choices are correct.
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hypotonic
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The movement of substances from lower to higher concentration across a semipermeable membrane that must have a specific protein carrier and cell expenditure of energy is called facilitated diffusion. diffusion. active transport. osmosis. endocytosis.
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active transport
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The term photoautotroph refers to an organism that is a decomposer. must obtain organic compounds for its carbon needs. gets energy from sunlight. gets energy by oxidizing chemical compounds. does not need a carbon source.
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gets energy from sunlight
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Bacteria living in a freshwater stream that are moved to salty seawater would be in a hypotonic solution. gain water. be in an isotonic solution. shrivel. None of the choices is correct.
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shrivel
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The term autotroph refers to an organism that uses CO2 for its carbon source. must obtain organic compounds for its carbon needs. gets energy from sunlight. gets energy by oxidizing chemical compounds. does not need a carbon source.
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uses CO2 for its carbon source.
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When microbes are in a close nutritional relationship, and one benefits but the other is not harmed, it is called symbiosis. satellitism. commensalism. mutualism. synergism.
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commensalism.
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When whole cells or large molecules in solution are engulfed by a cell, this endocytosis is specifically termed pinocytosis. phagocytosis. facilitated transport. facilitated diffusion. exocytosis.
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phagocytosis.
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An important mineral ion of the cytochrome pigments of cellular respiration is iron. zinc. calcium. magnesium. potassium.
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iron
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The phase of the bacterial growth curve in which newly inoculated cells are adjusting to their new environment, metabolizing but not growing, is the lag phase. log phase. stationary phase. death phase. prophase.
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lag phase
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A microorganism that does not have catalase or superoxide dismutase would find it difficult to live in an environment with carbon dioxide. oxygen. high salt. temperatures above 37°C. high acidity.
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oxygen
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In the viable plate count method, a measured sample of a culture is evenly spread across an agar surface and incubated. Each _____ represents one _____ from the sample. cell, cell cell, colony colony, cell species, colony generation, cell
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cell, colony
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Archaea, as a group, are not pathogens. This is because they evolved without mammals. mammals evolved special defenses against them. mammalian hosts do not meet their environmental requirements. they are outcompeted by natural flora. None of the choices is correct.
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mammalian hosts do not meet their environmental
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Microorganisms require small quantities of this nutrient for enzyme function and maintenance of protein structure: element. macronutrient. water. growth factors. trace element.
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trace element.
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When it is important to count the number of cells, determine cell size, and differentiate between dead and live cells, a ___ is used. Coulter counter flow cytometer SEM methylene dye indicator
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flow cytometer
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What type of media is used to demonstrate oxygen requirements of microbes? blood agar thioglycollate sulfite polymyxin sulfadiazine sodium chloride None of the choices is correct.
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thioglycollate
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The movement of substances from higher to lower concentration across a semipermeable membrane that must have a specific protein carrier but no energy expenditure is called facilitated diffusion. diffusion. active transport. osmosis. endocytosis.
answer
facilitated diffusion.
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Cultures of a bacterial species were incubated on the shelf of a refrigerator, out on a lab bench top, on the shelf of a 37°C incubator, and on the shelf of a 50°C incubator. After incubation, there was no growth at 37°C and 50°C, very slight growth out on the bench top, and abundant growth at refrigeration. What term could be used for this species? halophile mesophile anaerobe psychrophile capnophile
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psychrophile
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Which of the following is not a major element of a microbial cell? copper carbon hydrogen nitrogen oxygen
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copper
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An organism that grows slowly in the cold but has an optimum growth temperature of 25° C is called a(n) extremophile. thermophile. psychrophile. psychrotroph. thermoduric.
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psychrotroph.
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Most of the dry weight of a microbial cell is from inorganic compounds. minerals. water. organic compounds. salts.
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organic compounds.
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The term chemoheterotroph refers to an organism that uses CO2 for its carbon source. must obtain inorganic compounds for its energy source. gets energy from sunlight. gets energy by oxidizing chemical compounds. does not need a carbon source.
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gets energy by oxidizing chemical compounds.
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An organism that can exist in both oxygen and oxygenless environments is a(n) aerobe. obligate aerobe. facultative anaerobe. microaerophile. obligate anaerobe.
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facultative anaerobe.
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Human pathogens fall into the group psychrophiles. thermophiles. halophiles. mesophiles. acidophiles.
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mesophiles.
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Which of the following require the cell to use ATP? facilitated diffusion diffusion endocytosis osmosis None of the choices is correct.
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endocytosis