_____ were the dominant vertebrate life form during the Paleozoic era.
answer
Amphibians
question
Life arose during the _____.
answer
Precambrian
question
Flowering plants first appeared during the _____.
answer
Mesozoic
(Why: Angiosperms first appeared during the Mesozoic)
question
The Mesozoic era began approximately _____ million years ago.
answer
251
question
The Precambrian time began at least _____ million years ago.
answer
4,600
question
Seed plants first appeared during the _____.
answer
Paleozoic
question
The first prokaryotic cells appeared during the _____.
answer
Precambrian
question
Animals first appeared during the _____.
answer
Precambrian
question
The Cenozoic era began approximately _____ million years ago.
answer
65
question
_____ were the dominant vertebrate life form during the Mesozoic era.
answer
Dinosaurs
question
Most modern animal phyla evolved during the _____ era.
answer
Paleozoic
question
Bony fish first evolved during the _____ .
answer
Paleozoic
question
How long ago do scientists believe life first began on Earth?
answer
3.7 billion years
question
What process produces Earth's atmospheric oxygen?
answer
photosynthesis
question
What evidence points to the date of the appearance of the first oxygen-producing organisms?
answer
iron oxides in rock
question
Which of the following best describes the archaeans described in the video?
answer
They live in extreme habitats.
question
The red sedimentary rocks of Western Australia resulted from the combination of oxygen and _____.
answer
iron
question
Achaeans can tolerate which of the following extreme habitats?
answer
near-boiling water, high pressure, very salty water, oxygen-free environments
question
Which of the following statements about adaptive radiation is correct?
answer
Adaptive radiation occurs within a single lineage.
(Why: Adaptive radiation occurs when a single lineage produces many descendant species.)
question
Which organisms are not examples of an adaptive radiation?
answer
Mammals and reptiles in the post-dinosaur age
(Why: mammals and reptiles are not descended from a single lineage.)
question
True or false? Convergent evolution is said to have occurred if the mouse species on two islands with similar habitats are found to have similar characteristics even though they originated from different species.
answer
True
(Why: Convergent evolution occurs when selective pressures produced by similar conditions (such as habitat) favor the evolution of similar solutions.)
question
Which Anolis lizard ecomorph has long legs?
answer
Trunk/ground
(Why: these ecomorphs need long legs to jump from one broad perch to another.)
question
Which of the following statements about the evolution of Anolis lizards in the Caribbean islands is true?
answer
The phylogeny of ecomorphs on a given island reveals that adaptive radiation has taken place.
(Why: This statement is true; the historical evidence of adaptive radiation on an island is recorded in the evolutionary history of the ecomorphs currently living on the island.)
question
What was the main selective pressure behind the evolution of different Anolis lizard species in the Caribbean?
answer
Specific ecological niches
(Why: Different species evolved in response to the selective pressures created by specific ecological niches on the islands.)
question
True or false? The evolution of different ecomorphs on the Caribbean islands is an example of stabilizing selection.
answer
False
(Why: The evolution of different ecomorphs is an example of disruptive selection. Each new ecomorph had characteristics that were ideal for a particular habitat, but as these characteristics developed, the lizards lost the ability to survive effectively in the other habitats on the island.)
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