(GROUPING CHART) Can you place each example into the appropriate category of scientific evidence of evolution?
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OBSERVATION FOR NATURAL SELECTION IN ACTION
1. development of pesticide resistance in insects
2. changes in average beak size in finches following wet or dry years
FOSSIL RECORD
1. discovery of bones from many different dinosaur species
2. transitional forms that link whales with land-dwelling ancestors that are now extinct
BIOGEOGRAPHY
1. unique collection of marsupial mammals in australia
2. resemblance of island species to nearby mainland species
ANATOMICAL AND MOLECULAR HOMOLOGIES
1. similar forelimb anatomy in different species of mammals
2. same genetic language of dna and similar genes in yeasts, fruit flies, and humans
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1. Which one of the following statements most closely agrees with the theory of evolution by means of natural selection, as put forth by Darwin?
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Organisms better adapted to their immediate environment are most likely to survive and reproduce.
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Which mechanism for evolution was proposed by Lamarck?
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evolution by inheritance of acquired characteristics
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A challenge to traditional (pre-1860) ideas about species came from embryology, where it was discovered that __________.
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embryos of dissimilar organisms, such as sharks and humans, resemble each other
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The oldest known fossils are from about ______ years ago.
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3.5 billion
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The study of comparative anatomy __________.
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provides information about the evolutionary history of species
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Which of the following are homologous?
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the forelimb of a dog and the forelimb of a cat
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(FLOW CHART) Can you identify the process by which natural selection acts on an insect population exposed to pesticides?
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1. pesticide is applied to a population of insects
2. some insects have a gene that makes them resistant to the pesticide. these insects survive. insects without the gene die.
3. the surviving insects reproduce. the frequency of the resistant insects in the population increases.
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Which one of the following was an assumption of Charles Darwin's theory of natural selection?
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Populations produce more offspring than their environment can support.
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Homology is evidence of ______.
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common ancestry
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(FLOW CHART) Can you identify the process by which camouflage causes a beetle population to undergo natural selection?
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1. a drought causes a habitat to turn dry and brown
2. green beetles are more visible to birds than brown beetles, so birdseed more green beetles.
3. brown beetles survive to reproduce more often than green beetles do. the brown allele increases in frequency.
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(MATCHING) Can you identify the process by which camouflage causes a beetle population to undergo natural selection?
Your family is taking a long driving vacation across the midwestern and western United States. As you travel, you notice that the flowers, birds, and trees of the Midwest and the Rocky Mountains are very different. As you ponder why, you remember that such differences in the distribution of species are part of the field of ______.
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biogeography
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Evidence from molecular biology supports the theory of evolution by showing that __________.
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closely related organisms have more similar DNA and proteins
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"Differential success in reproduction" is just another way of saying _____.
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natural selection
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A population is __________.
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a group of individuals of the same species occupying a given area
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Which of the following is a requirement for natural selection?
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variation in individuals
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The smallest unit that can evolve is a _____.
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population
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