Mastering Bio Chapter 25

24 July 2022
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question
Which of the following is(are) homologous to the bones in this image?
answer
The digits of a cat are homologous to those of these whale bones
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The wing of a bat is homologous to the _____ of a whale. tail flipper baleen rib cage blowhole
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flipper
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Identify the four postulates of natural selection. Select all that apply. Individuals in a population all possess the same traits. All individuals in a population have equal reproductive success. Some trait differences are heritable. Individuals with certain traits are more likely to survive and reproduce. Individuals in a population vary in the traits they possess. Survival and reproductive success are variable among individuals in a population.
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Some trait differences are heritable. Individuals with certain traits are more likely to survive and reproduce. Individuals in a population vary in the traits they possess. Survival and reproductive success are variable among individuals in a population. SubmitHintsMy AnswersGive UpReview Part
question
Which of the following statements is an accurate combination of postulates 1 and 2 of natural selection? Heritable variation does not exist among individuals in a population. Drug resistance exists among all individuals in a population. Heritable variation exists for traits among individuals in a population. Environmental variation exists for traits among individuals in a population.
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Heritable variation exists for traits among individuals in a population.
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Which of the following statements is an accurate combination of postulates 3 and 4 of natural selection? Individuals experience differential success in their ability to survive or reproduce due to differences in certain traits. Individuals experience uniform success in their ability to survive or reproduce. Individuals experience no success in their ability to survive or reproduce. Individuals experience unlimited success in their ability to survive or reproduce.
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Individuals experience differential success in their ability to survive or reproduce due to differences in certain traits.
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Does the ability of a Mycobacterium tuberculosis cell to infect a new host depend on its drug-resistant phenotype? No, drug-susceptible cells and drug-resistant cells are equally likely to infect a new host. Yes, drug-resistant cells can infect a new host more easily than drug-susceptible cells. Yes, drug-susceptible cells can infect a new host more easily than drug-resistant cells.
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No, drug-susceptible cells and drug-resistant cells are equally likely to infect a new host.
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Which of the following statements describes the evolution by natural selection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria in their new environment? The drug-susceptibility trait is an adaptation to the environment in which human hosts are medicated with the antibiotic rifampin. The drug-susceptibility trait is an adaptation to the environment of antibacterial soaps. The drug-resistance trait is an adaptation to the environment in which human hosts are medicated with the antibiotic rifampin. The drug-resistance trait is an adaptation to the environment in which human hosts travel worldwide and are exposed to new strains of bacteria.
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The drug-resistance trait is an adaptation to the environment in which human hosts are medicated with the antibiotic rifampin.
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In the United States today, about half of the corn crop is genetically engineered with a protein that is toxic to corn borers, an insect pest of corn. Which of the following conditions would be necessary for evolution of resistance to the toxic protein to occur in the corn borer? The corn borer must lack variation in resistance to the toxic protein. The corn borers must experience unlimited success in their ability to survive or reproduce. The corn borer must have or generate (by mutation) heritable variation in resistance to the toxic protein. The resistant corn borers must survive better or reproduce more than nonresistant corn borers. The corn borers must experience no success in their ability to survive or reproduce.
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The corn borer must have or generate (by mutation) heritable variation in resistance to the toxic protein. The resistant corn borers must survive better or reproduce more than nonresistant corn borers.
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True or false? It would be difficult to assess whether the drug-susceptible or drug-resistant phenotype in a population of Mycobacterium tuberculosis was more fit in an environment without antibiotics. True False
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true
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How did the drought lead to an increase in beak size in the medium ground finch population? The Grants reasoned that prior to the drought, the finch population fed primarily on small seeds that they could open easily. Although larger, tougher seeds were available, they were not typically eaten, not even by finches with larger beaks. during the drought, only a limited number of small seeds were produced, leaving mostly larger, tougher seeds available for food. Finches that were unable to eat the larger seeds died of starvation. Based on their observations and the data they collected, the Grants concluded that evolution by natural selection had occurred in the medium ground finch population. The increase in the average beak size of the offspring was a direct result of the change in the food supply during the drought. In order to have reached this conclusion, the Grants must have either assumed or proven that several other facts about the finch population were true. Which statements represent information that must be true in order for the Grants conclusion to be correct? Select the three statements that must be true. Birds that could eat larger, tougher seeds survived and reproduced during the drought. Beak size varies among the birds in the finch population under study. Beak size is an inherited trait in the finch population under study. An individual finch's beak size can change depending on the size of the seeds it eats. The drought caused a mutation that led to larger beak sizes in the finch population.
answer
Birds that could eat larger, tougher seeds survived and reproduced during the drought. Beak size varies among the birds in the finch population under study. Beak size is an inherited trait in the finch population under study.