Lab Exam 3: Mastering A&P

Oxygen is attached to _______. a. an iron atom located on the heme portion of hemoglobin b. a calcium atom located on the heme portion of hemoglobin c. a calcium atom located on the globin portion of hemoglobin d. an iron atom located on the globin portion of hemoglobin

The oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood is evaluated using _______. a. hematocrit measurements and cholesterol measurements b. hemoglobin measurements c. hematocrit measurements d. hematocrit measurements and hemoglobin measurements e. cholesterol measurements

Release of which of the following hormones results in higher levels of erythrocytes? erythropoietin testosterone and erythropoietin estrogen estrogen and erythropoietin testosterone

Which type of anemia is a genetic disorder resulting in abnormally shaped erythrocytes? aplastic anemia sickle cell anemia pernicious anemia polycythemia

The blood sample from which of the following had the highest hematocrit? a healthy female living in Boston a healthy male living in Boston a healthy male living in Denver a healthy female living in Denver

The blood sample(s) from which of the following displayed polycythemia? a. a healthy male living in Denver b. a healthy female living in Denver and a healthy male living in Denver c. a healthy female living in Denver d. a healthy male living in Boston and a healthy male living in Denver e. a healthy male living in Boston

The hematocrit for the female with iron-deficiency anemia was _______. a. below normal b. above normal c. normal d. above normal and indicative of polycythemia e. indicative of polycythemia

Which of the samples are from patients that suffer from a condition in which insufficient oxygen is transported to the body's cells? samples 1 and 3 samples 1 and 2 samples 3 and 4 samples 5 and 6

Which of the following would indicate a worsening of the disease? a. decreased ESR with angina b. increased ESR with rheumatoid arthritis c. decreased ESR with acute appendicitis d. decreased ESR with pelvic inflammatory disease

Rouleaux formation is characterized by _______. an increase in ESR a decrease in ESR a decrease in ESR and a decrease in fibrinogen production an increase in ESR and a decrease in fibrinogen production a decrease in fibrinogen production

ESR is useful in distinguishing between _______. a. rheumatoid arthritis and bone cancer b. angina and a myocardial infarction as well as acute appendicitis and ruptured ectopic pregnancy c. acute appendicitis and ruptured ectopic pregnancy d. angina and a myocardial infarction e. All of the above are correct.

Erythrocyte sedimentation relies upon _______. filtration blood pressure gravity centrifugation

The tube that connects the oral cavity to the stomach is called the ________. trachea esophagus small intestine oral canal

This GI tract organ stores food temporarily, and continues the mechanical and chemical breakdown of food. oral cavity small intestine stomach esophagus

The tube that leaves the stomach (and is the first part of the small intestine) is called the ________.

This GI tract organ acts like a drying oven. It absorbs water from its contents, and consolidates and propels the unusable components of food toward elimination from the body.

The lining of the alimentary canal is a ________.

This enzyme, produced by the salivary glands, digests carbohydrates.

This fat-digesting enzyme does the major work of digesting fats in the small intestine.

Emulsifies fat, keeping tiny fat droplets suspended in the aqueous contents of the gut

Which type of movement in the GI system propels food along the entire alimentary canal?

enamel

dentin

gingiva

cementum

root canal

periodontal ligament

crown

neck

root

Fats, in the presence of litmus (that indicates pH of the solution), are shown to be digested ________.

The protein-digesting enzyme that works in the stomach is ________.

The GI organ that is the major site of nutrient absorption is the ________.

This enzyme, which digests carbohydrates, is found in saliva and in the small intestine.

This accessory organ of the digestive system makes digestive enzymes that act upon all of the major food types.

The digestive function of the liver is to ________.

The heart is located in a subdivision of the thorax called the ________

How many heart valves are there?

They lie between the atria and the ventricular chambers on each side of the heart.

They enforce a one-way blood flow through the heart, operate passively (no active contraction required), and separate atria from ventricles, and ventricles from the large arteries that leave them.

Which side of the heart receives blood from the body and pumps it to the lungs?

The pulmonary trunk and arteries are color-coded ________ on models and in pictures, because they carry ________ blood.

In the coronary circulation oxygenated blood is provided to the heart muscle by the ________.

Cardiac muscle tissue ________.

In sequential order, the components of the intrinsic conduction system, beginning at the SA node, are ________.

The QRS complex is associated with ________.

Name the ridged bundles of muscle found projecting inside the right atrium. Pectinate muscles Papillary muscles Intercalated discs Trabeculae carneae

Identify the right atrioventricular valve. Pulmonary valve Aortic semilunar valve Bicuspid valve Tricuspid valve

Identify the valve located at the exit of the right ventricle. Aortic semilunar valve Pulmonary semilunar valve Tricuspid valve Bicuspid valve

The moderator band is found on both the right and left side of the heart. True False

Oxygenated blood flows through the right side of the heart. False True

Identify the most muscular chamber. Right atrium Left atrium Left ventricle Right ventricle

Name the inner lining of the heart. Endocardium Pericardium Epicardium Myocardium

Identify the valve found between the left atrium and left ventricle.

What heart chamber pushes blood through the aortic semilunar valve? Right atrium Left atrium Left ventricle Right ventricle

Name the needle like ridges of muscle lining the ventricles. Papillary muscles Trabeculae carneae Chordae tendineae Pectinate muscles

What fibrous structure functions to anchor the atrioventricular valves in a closed position? Papillary muscle Chordae tendineae Trabeculae carneae Moderator band

Blood on the right never mixes with blood on the left, once the heart is fully developed. False True

Identify the ear like flaps that are attached to the top chambers of the heart. Auricle Atrium Coronary sinus Pectinate muscles

The first branch off the arch of the aorta is the brachiocephalic artery in both the sheep and the human. False True

Which chamber of the heart exits into the pulmonary trunk? Right atrium Left atrium Right ventricle Left ventricle

What is the function of the coronary circulation?

What is the ligamentum arteriosum?

Blood arriving in the right atrium has just come from the ________. right ventricle aorta left atrium venae cavae and coronary sinus

Blood has just been discharged into the pulmonary trunk: from which chamber did it exit?

*** ASK CALLIE bc i Dont get it ** These vessels carry oxygenated blood. venae cavae and pulmonary veins aorta and pulmonary veins aorta and pulmonary trunk venae cavae and pulmonary artery

What is the name of the circuit that supplies blood to the brain, heart, and gastrointestinal tract?

________ is/are found in the ventricles, and attach the flaps of the AV valves to papillary muscle.

Bradycardia describes a heart rate of ________.

Ventricular fibrillation is ________. a. slow, strong ventricular contractions b. rapid, uncoordinated ventricular contractions c. fluttering of the atria d. strong, rhythmic atrial contractions

The inferior vena cava drains the ________. abdomen abdomen and lower extremities head and upper extremities thorax

In a microscopic field showing an artery and its corresponding vein, you can easily distinguish the two because ________. a. veins have thinner walls and are irregular in shape b. arteries are round and larger than veins c. veins are round and have thicker walls d. arteries have a larger internal opening than veins

There are two brachiocephalic veins and ________ brachiocephalic artery (or arteries).

Arteries that supply the intestines arise from the aorta. Veins that drain the intestines ________. a. empty into the hepatic veins b. enter the inferior vena cava directly c. join to form the common intestinal vein that enters the vena cava d. ultimately drain into the hepatic portal vein

Which of the following had the fastest sedimentation rate? a. the individual with sickle cell anemia b. the individual with angina pectoris c. the healthy individual d. the individual suffering a myocardial infarction

Which sample did NOT settle at all in one hour? a. the healthy individual b. the individual suffering a myocardial infarction c. the individual with angina pectoris d. the individual with sickle cell anemia

In comparing the sedimentation rate for the individual with angina pectoris with that of the healthy individual, which of the following statements is true? a. The sedimentation rate was greater for the individual with angina pectoris. b. The sedimentation rate was greater for the healthy individual. c. The sedimentation rates were the same for both individuals. d. The sedimentation rate was not measured for the individual with angina pectoris.

Which of the following explains the result for the individual with sickle cell anemia? a. The lack of iron in the red blood cells allowed them the settle faster. b. The shape of the red blood cells allowed them to settle faster. c. The shape of the red blood cells prevented them from settling. d. The lack of iron prevented the red blood cells from settling.

Each hemoglobin molecule can carry ______________ oxygen molecule(s). one three four two

Which of the following does NOT result in an increase in hemoglobin levels? congestive heart failure polycythemia living at high altitudes hyperthyroidism

has oxygen attached to the iron atom

Which of the following individuals had the highest hemoglobin level? the healthy female the healthy male the male with polycythemia the female Olympic athlete

Which of the following blood samples did NOT have a normal ratio of PCV to Hb? ? a. the male with polycythemia b.the female with iron-deficiency anemia and the healthy female c. the female with iron-deficiency anemia d. the female with iron-deficiency anemia and the male with polycythemia e.the healthy female

Which of the following individuals had the highest hemoglobin level? the healthy female the healthy male the male with polycythemia the female Olympic athlete

Which of the following describes the blood sample for the female Olympic athlete?

A person with type O blood has _______. neither A nor B agglutinogens neither anti-A nor anti-B agglutinins O agglutinins O antigens

With respect to ABO and Rh blood groups, there are __________ different blood types.

A person with type AB blood has _______.

A person with A+ blood has _______. a. the A antigen on the surface of the red blood cells b. Rh antigen on the surface of the red blood cells c. anti-B antibodies d.all of the above

Which blood sample contained the universal recipient?

Which of the following terms can be used interchangeably? antigen and agglutinin agglutinogen and agglutinin antigen and antibody antigen and agglutinogen

Blood type A- would give which of the following results? a. agglutination with anti-A antibodies and agglutination with anti-Rh antibodies b. agglutination with anti-B antibodies c. agglutination with anti-Rh antibodies and agglutination with anti-B antibodies d. agglutination with anti-A antibodies e. agglutination with anti-Rh antibodies

Which of the blood samples tested could donate to a person with type A+ blood?

LDLs contain?

In the activity for blood cholesterol we measured?

Hypercholesterolemia is linked to _______.

The cholesterol determination is _______.

Which of the following were disposed of in the biohazardous waste disposal?

Which patient sample(s) tested in the elevated range?

Which patient sample(s) tested in the desirable range?

Which patient sample(s) tested in the borderline elevated range?

The autorhythmicity of cardiac pacemaker cells is made possible by the reduced permeability of _______.

The repolarization of cardiac muscle is due to _______.

The total refractory period of cardiac muscle _______.

Skeletal muscle is capable of which of the following?

Delivering single shocks in succession to stimulate the frog heart _______.

The doublet that results with more frequent stimulation of the frog heart represents _______.

When the ventricles beat rapidly in succession, _______.

When multiple stimuli were applied at 20 stimuli/sec, _______.

The effect of the sympathetic nervous system on the heart is to _______.

Which branch of the autonomic nervous system dominates after a large meal?

The sinoatrial node is located _______.

Excessive vagal stimulation of the heart will result in _______.

When vagus nerve stimulation was applied to the frog heart, _______.

What part of your tracing illustrates vagal escape?

Research shows that in the absence of neural and hormonal influences, the SA node generates action potentials at a frequency of about 100 times per minute. However, the resting heart rate is about 70 beats per minute. What would the approximate heart rate be if the vagus nerve were severed?

about 100 beats per minute

Organisms that have temperature fluctuations that coincide with the external temperature and lack internal homeostatic temperature regulatory mechanisms are?

Which part of the human body regulates temperature?

Heat-releasing mechanisms include which of the following?

For the frog heart, temperature and heart rate are _______.

If the human heart were experiencing hyperthermia, what do you think would be the effect on the heart rate? (elevated body temperatures)

what does ringers solution contain?

Which of the following affect heart rate through the use of a cAMP (second messenger) system? epinephrine and norepinephrine acetylcholine, epinephrine and norepinephrine epinephrine norepinephrine acetylcholine

Which of the following decreases the rate of depolarization in the heart?

The sinoatrial node has receptors for _______.

An adrenergic drug that worked in opposition to epinephrine would _______.

Muscarine is a poison found in poisonous mushrooms. Muscarine binds to acetylcholine receptors and mimics its action. Which of the following describes the effect of muscarine?

Beta blockers are used to treat high blood pressure (hypertension). Which receptors do you think are being blocked? muscarinic nicotinic alpha-adrenergic

With respect to heart rate, which of the following worked in opposition to each other?

With respect to heart rate, which of the following had the same effect?

When the cardiac muscle cell is at rest, the concentration of _____________ is greater on the outside of the cell.

Modifiers that affect the force of contraction of the heart are _______.

The movement of _______________ into the cardiac muscle cell depolarizes the cardiac muscle cell.

Modifiers that affect heart rate are _______.

Which ion(s) at least initially lowered the frog heart rate in the activity you just performed?

What effect does potassium have on the resting membrane potential of the cardiac cell?

The cardiac cell plasma membrane is most permeable to _______________________.

Calcium channel blockers block the movement of calcium _______.

A ___________________ drug increases the force of contraction of the heart.