Immunization Exam

25 July 2022
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question
Which of the following is a requirement of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration's (OSHA's) Bloodborne Pathogens Standard?
answer
Health care providers must use safety devices when administering injectable vaccines
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Herd immunity refers to which of the following situations?
answer
Vaccination of enough individuals in a community to protect those who cannot be vaccinated
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What is the time interval for which the development of Guillain-Barré syndrome following influenza vaccination would result in a precaution for future influenza vaccines?
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Within 6 weeks
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During which step of the Pharmacists' Patient Care Process would a pharmacist analyze a patient's need for certain vaccines?
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Assess
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Which of the following statements about live attenuated vaccines is true
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They should generally be avoided in immunocompromised individuals.
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The childhood/adolescent and adult immunization schedules are updated and published annually during which months?
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January or February
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Which disease is almost certain to cause death if infected patients do not receive postexposure prophylaxis?
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Rabies
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Kimberly is a 34 year-old woman who is 30 weeks pregnant. She received a Td booster dose 1 year ago when she cut her hand while working in the kitchen. She has no documentation of receiving a Tdap vaccine. The most appropriate recommendation would be to administer:
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Tdap as soon as possible.
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When looking at the schedule for vaccines that might be indicated for children and adolescents aged 18 years or younger based on medical indications, what does the orange bar represent?
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Precautions for vaccination.
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How often are the Healthy People targets for vaccination rates updated?
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Every 10 years
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Justin is a healthy 16-year-old boy who has no documentation of varicella vaccine or history of the disease. He should receive:
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2 doses of varicella vaccine separated by at least 4 weeks
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In 2014, which vaccination rate was lowest among adolescents 13 through 17 years of age?
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HPV
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HZV should not be administered to a patient with a history of anaphylaxis to:
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Gelatin
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At what point during pregnancy is it recommended to administer the influenza vaccine?
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Anytime is safe
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Barbara is a 60-year-old woman who presents to the pharmacy for two vaccines: HZV and IIV. Which of the following are the appropriate doses and routes for administering these vaccines to this patient?
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HZV 0.65 mL subcutaneously; IIV 0.5 mL intramuscularly.
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Which viruses are associated with the development of cancer?
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Human papillomavirus and hepatitis B virus.
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The monitoring system that health care providers should use to report serious adverse events after vaccination is:
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VAERS
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Which of the following vaccines may be administered to boys and young men aged 9 through 26 years to reduce the likelihood of acquiring genital warts?
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HPV9
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Aiden is a 6-month-old healthy boy with no known allergies. He has received vaccinations in the past with no reported adverse reactions. Aiden's father asks about having his son vaccinated against influenza. The most appropriate response would be to inform the father that Aiden:
answer
Should receive 1 dose of IIV4 today followed by a second dose of IIV4 administered 4 weeks later
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What is meant by the term "immunization neighborhood"?
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Immunization stakeholders collaborate to meet community immunization needs.
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Which of the following key questions is important to ask a patient before administering IIV?
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Are you sick today?
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Which disease is characterized by the development of a membrane on the tonsils, pharynx, or larynx, leading to respiratory obstruction?
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Diphtheria.
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Which of the following patients should receive the MMR vaccine?
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A pharmacist born in 1975 with documentation of 1 dose of MMR vaccine
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A history of anaphylaxis caused by gelatin would be a contraindication to receiving which of the following vaccines?
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Varicella.
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Federal law makes offering an annual influenza vaccination a requirement for continued federal funding in which setting?
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Long-term care facilities
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Which of the following vaccines is recommended for infants to receive within 24 hours of birth?
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Hepatitis B.
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Adolescents should be routinely vaccinated with MCV4 on the following schedule:
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1 dose at age 11 to 12 years, followed by a booster dose at age 16 years.
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Why are adjuvants added to vaccines?
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To strengthen the immune response to the antigen.
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Alan is a 47-year-old man who has no documentation of a primary series of tetanus-containing vaccine. Which of the following would be an appropriate primary series for Alan?
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Tdap today; Td in 4 weeks; Td 6 months after the second dose.
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Upon giving a VIS to a patient who is to receive a vaccine cover under the National Childhood Vaccine Injury Act, what must be documented
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The date the VIS was given to the patient or caregiver and the date printed on the VIS.
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If a patient received the first dose of HepB but did not return for the remaining doses in the series, under what circumstances should the HepB series be restarted?
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The series should not be restarted; resume the series where it was interrupted.
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When Mary turned 64, she was diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. At that time, she received PPSV23. Which of the following represents appropriate pneumococcal coverage for Mary.
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Administer PCV13 at age 65, then PPSV23 at age 69.
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Ava has arrived at the clinic for her well-child visit. She is 4 months old. Ava's immunization record reveals that she has received the following vaccines: 2 doses of HepB 1 dose of Hib 1 dose of rotavirus 1 dose of PCV13 1 dose of DTaP 1 dose of IPV Which vaccines should Ava receive at today's visit?
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DTaP, Hib, PCV13, IPV, and rotavirus.
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Which of the following patients would be a candidate for PPSV23?
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25-year-old man who smokes cigarettes
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Which vaccine does ACIP recommend for all college freshmen, aged 21 years or younger, living in dormitories, who have not been previously vaccinated?
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MCV4
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According to ACIP, which of the following is a contraindication to receiving HZV?
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Current treatment for lymphoma.
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If a patient is a candidate for revaccination with PPSV23, what is the ACIP-recommended interval between doses of this vaccine?
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5 years
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Which of the following best describes how to administer Tdap vaccine to an adult patient weighing 185 lb?
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Inject intramuscularly at a 90° angle in the deltoid muscle.
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Which of the following best describes how to administer MMR vaccine to an adult patient weighing 210 lb?
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Inject subcutaneously at a 45° angle in the outer aspect of the upper arm.
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David is a healthy 5-year-old boy who is scheduled to see his pediatrician for a checkup in July prior to starting kindergarten. David's immunization record reveals that he has received the following vaccines: 3 doses of HepB 4 doses of PCV13 2 doses of HepA 3 doses of IPV 2 doses of rotavirus 1 dose of MMRV 4 doses of DTaP 4 doses of Hib Which vaccines should David receive at this visit?
answer
DTaP, IPV, MMR, and varicella.
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Which of the following is recognized by sociologists as a factor in a patient's decision whether to be vaccinated?
answer
Influence of a health care provider.
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Jackie is a 34-year-old woman who received an influenza vaccine from you today. She wants to know how long it will take for the vaccine to begin working to protect her from getting the flu. What would be the most appropriate response to this patient?
answer
14 days
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After completion of a primary vaccine series and documentation of a one-time dose of Tdap, Td booster doses are recommended every:
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10 years
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What is the minimum needle length recommended for administering HepB vaccine to an adult patient weighing 130 lb?
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1 inch.
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John is a 46-year-old man with diabetes. He requests a refill of his diabetes testing supplies on October 21st. His immunization record indicates that he has completed the primary series of MMR, DTaP, HepA, and HepB vaccines. John has a documented history of chickenpox, and his last Td booster dose was 19 years ago. Which of the following vaccines should he receive?
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PPSV23, Tdap, and IIV.
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If a vial of influenza vaccine is left out of the refrigerator on the pharmacy counter overnight, what should be done with the vaccine?
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Mark "do not use," place in the refrigerator, and call the manufacturer for further guidance.
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Emily is a 16-year-old high-school student with no chronic medical conditions. Emily's immunization record shows that she completed the primary series for IPV, HepA, Hib, DTaP, and MMR, and she had a physician-diagnosed case of chickenpox at 2 years of age. Which of the following would be the most appropriate recommendation for her today?
answer
Tdap, HPV, MCV, HepB, and influenza, if during influenza season.
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Which of the following statements would be accurate when responding to a patient's concerns about the safety of vaccines?
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The immune system is capable of stimulating an immune response to multiple vaccines administered at the same time.
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According to the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP), which of the following would be considered adequate evidence of immunity to varicella, indicating that administration of varicella vaccine is unnecessary?
answer
Diagnosis of chickenpox by a health care provider.
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A history of anaphylaxis caused by neomycin would be a contraindication to receiving which of the following vaccines?
answer
IPV
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Which of the following best describes an opportunity for pharmacists to use diagnosis-based screening to identify people at risk for vaccine-preventable diseases?
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Performing a medication review for a patient who has diabetes.
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Which of the following statements about establishing clinics for administering vaccines is true?
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Technicians can administer screening questionnaires and distribute VISs.
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With the exception of rotavirus, the routinely recommended live vaccines are contraindicated in a patient who:
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Is immunosuppressed
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Alex is a 32-year-old man who is scheduled to travel to a country where hepatitis A is endemic. He leaves in 3 weeks and will be gone a month. He received his first dose of hepatitis A vaccine today. Alex should be counseled to return for his second dose of hepatitis A vaccine:
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In 6 months
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Which of these vaccines is an inactivated vaccine?
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Tdap
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Name the vaccine-preventable disease that may be contracted by unimmunized children from adults serving as reservoirs for the disease, which causes a paroxysmal cough and potentially can result in pneumonia, seizures, encephalopathy, hypoxia, and death.
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Pertussis
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Which of the following statements about pharmacy-based vaccination programs is true?
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Administratively, billing for vaccines covered by Medicare Part D may be easier for pharmacists than physicians.
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Which of the following statements is true regarding how vaccines evoke an immune response?
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The antigen in the vaccine activates B cells, which produce antigen-specific antibodies and memory cells.
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Arthus reactions, which are exaggerated local reactions that can occur if a patient is vaccinated too frequently, are most commonly reported after which vaccine?
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Tetanus and diphtheria toxoid-containing vaccines.
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Why was the live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) removed from the ACIP's influenza vaccine recommendations?
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Low effectiveness of this vaccine was seen during the 2013-2014 and 2015-2016 influenza seasons.
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HealthMap Vaccine Finder is a free online tool that allows pharmacists to:
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List their vaccination services so patients can find them when searching the website for nearby immunizers.
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The incubation period for influenza can range from:
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1 to 4 days
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What is the standard dose of epinephrine for managing anaphylaxis?
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0.01 mg per kg body weight, up to a maximum of 0.5 mg.
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What is the most common complication of pertussis?
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Pneumonia
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For a patient who needs to receive IIV and HZV, which of the following best describes appropriate administration of these vaccines?
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Administer these 2 vaccines at the same visit.
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Which of the following patients is a candidate for both MenACWY and MenB vaccines?
answer
A 10 year-old who just had his spleen removed.
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Kyle is a 5-year-old boy who is up to date with his vaccinations. He has never experienced any adverse effects from vaccinations. At his next well-child check-up, Kyle will be receiving the following vaccines: IPV, MMR, varicella vaccine, and a tetanus-containing vaccine. Which of the following tetanus-containing vaccines would be appropriate for him?
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DTaP
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Why should refrigerated vaccines be stored in the middle of the refrigerator?
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There are fewer temperature fluctuations
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In the event that a young child is fussy following the receipt of a vaccine, pharmacists should advise parents to:
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Comfort the child and engage in quiet activities.
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Vaccines as well as exposure to natural disease are both examples of which type of immunity?
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Active immunity
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According to ACIP recommendations, HZV is indicated for the prevention of herpes zoster in adults aged:
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60 years and older