Homework Assignment #2 (Chapter 4-6)

Lactose

Which is a polysaccharide? sucrose glucose cellulose galactose lactose

What is the most abundant organic compound on earth?

Which of these is NOT a lipid? steroids cholesterol phospholipid wax RNA

A saturated fat. Fatty acids lack double bonds

Which of these is rich in unsaturated fats? beef fat olive oil lard a fat that is solid at room temperature butter

A function of cholesterol that does not harm health is its role _____. All of cholesterol's effects cause the body harm. the most abundant male sex hormone as a component of animal cell membranes in calcium and phosphate metabolism as the primary female sex hormone

Acid: Base: Arginine Neutral Polar: Asparagine, Cysteine, Glutamine Neutral Nonpolar: Alanine The composition of an amino acid's R group characterizes whether that amino acid is neutral (polar or nonpolar), acidic, or basic, and determines how it interacts in cells. Arginine, with its reactive R group, is often found at the active sites of enzymes, where it participates in chemical reactions.

Acid: Base: Lysine Neutral Polar: Serine Neutral Nonpolar: Proline, Methionine, Phenylalanine The structure of the amino acid R group determines the identity and character of amino acids. The amino acid phenylalanine is classified as a nonpolar amino acid. In addition, it is known as an aromatic amino acid because of the ring structure of its R group.

Acid: Glutamic Acid Base: Neutral Polar: Tyrosine, Threonine Neutral Nonpolar: Valine, Tryptophan R group composition classifies amino acids and determines their function. For example, the amino acid tryptophan is a nonpolar amino acid. It is also known as an aromatic amino acid because of the structure of its R group, and it is closely related to the neurotransmitter serotonin, which often occurs in low amounts in individuals suffering from depression.

A carbon skeleton is covalently bonded to both an amino group and a carboxyl group. When placed in water it ____________________

A chemist wishes to make an organic molecule less acidic. Which of the following functional groups should be added to the molecule in order to do so? carboxyl amino phosphate sulfhydryl hydroxyl