The map below shows European political boundaries in 1648. Use the map to answer the following question:
In what way is the area that makes up the country of Germany different now than it was in 1648?
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In 1648, it was divided into a number of small kingdoms.
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Use the map below to answer the following question:
Which statement is supported by the map?
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Most European nations are part of the European Union.
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The following chart shows the population of Europe from 1750 to 2000. Use the chart to answer the following question:
Look at the data in the chart. What developments in mid-17th century Europe help explain this data?
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Population increased in the mid-17th century because there was more religious tolerance after the Thirty Years' War.
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The following map shows the members of the European Union. Use the map to answer the following question:
How does this map show that Europe has changed greatly since the 17th century?
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Many nations are now allied economically to avoid constant conflicts.
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How was James I's rule of England similar to Peter the Great's rule of Russia?
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Both increased their own power without approval by other government entities.
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Why was the Glorious Revolution in England unusual in comparison to political developments in France, Spain, and Russia?
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While the French, Spanish, and Russian monarchies were becoming more powerful, the Glorious Revolution gave Parliament more power in England.
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How did Sir Francis Bacon's development of the scientific method make the Scientific Revolution possible?
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It established a rational, systematic methodology for research.
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How did humanism contribute to the Scientific Revolution?
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Humanism inspired the idea that knowledge could be gained through the evidence provided by human senses and reasoning.
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Use the image below to answer the following question:
The heliocentric model, represented above, is associated with which of the following figures?
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Nicholas Copernicus
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Use the excerpt from Bacon's The Advancement of Learning below to answer the following question:
"Another error hath proceeded from a kind of adoration of the mind and understanding of man; by means whereof men have withdrawn themselves away from the contemplation of nature, and the observations of experience, and have tumbled up and down in their own reason and conceits. Upon these Heraclitus gave a just censure, saying, MEN SOUGHT TRUTH IN THEIR OWN LITTLE WORLDS, AND NOT IN THE GREAT AND COMMON WORLD."
How does Sir Francis Bacon criticize previous scientific methods in the quote above?
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Bacon says some scientists use faulty reasoning to prove conclusions they hold about what is true rather than determining what is true by analyzing the facts.
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Use the image below to answer the following question:
Robert Hooke, a famous 17th century English scientist, published a book of sketches such as the one above. What recent invention made these observations possible?
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Microscope
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Ana de Osorio is famous for discovering a cure for
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malaria
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How is the work of Rene Descartes related to that of Sir Isaac Newton?
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Descartes' developments in analytical geometry were used by Newton in his development of calculus and research into optics.
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Which idea did Descartes contribute to the Scientific Revolution?
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Logic and mathematics could figure out the uncertainties of existence.
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How did the work of Sigmund Freud affect the lives of ordinary people in the 20th century?
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It encouraged people to search for the hidden reasons for their actions.
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What present-day medical technology did Marie Curie's work help to develop?
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X-rays
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Which of the following is not considered a cause of the Enlightenment?
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Decline in the education system
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What notable publication of the Enlightenment was published by Denis Diderot?
In what way did classical Greek and Roman attitudes become part of Enlightenment thought?
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The ideas of order and harmony were promoted in Neoclassical art.
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How did the ideas of Jean-Jacques Rousseau compare to those of John Locke?
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Both believed in the theory of a social contract.
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Why did Adam Smith support the "invisible hand" of the market?
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He believed the economy was better off without government involvement.
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How did French Enlightenment philosophers like Diderot influence religious beliefs?
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They argued for religious tolerance.
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How was Benjamin Franklin similar to Enlightenment thinkers?
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He believed in the power of reason to improve human life.
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Which statement supports the claim that the political philosophy of John Locke was as revolutionary as the scientific revolution of Copernicus?
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Just as Copernicus replaced the Earth with the Sun at the center of the solar system, Locke replaced the monarch with the individual at the center of the political system.
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The illustration below depicts conditions leading up to the French Revolution. Use this illustration to answer the following question:
What attitude would French Revolutionaries take toward the priest and nobleman standing up on the steps?
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The men should carry more of the burden.
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Why is Bastille Day a symbol of French national pride?
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It celebrates a day when the French masses rose up against oppression.
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How did members of the National Assembly incorporate ideas from the Enlightenment?
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They emphasized the importance of individual rights for all citizens.
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The following passage from Baron de Montesquieu's The Spirit of the Laws was often quoted during the debates on the Constitution of the United States in 1787. Use this passage to answer the following question:
It is natural to a republic to have only a small territory, otherwise it cannot long subsist. In a large republic there are men of large fortunes, and consequently of less moderation.... In a large republic, the public good is sacrificed to a thousand views; it is subordinate to exceptions, and depends on accidents. In a small one, the interest of the public is easier perceived, better understood, and more within the reach of every citizen; abuses are of less extent, and of course are less protected.
Based on the passage, which aspect of government does Montesquieu fear most?
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A government that replaces the need of many with the needs of a few
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Napoleon's goal in implementing the Continental System was to
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declare economic warfare against Great Britain
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Why did King Louis XVI call the Estates General into session in May 1789?
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He sought the assembly's permission for new taxes to solve France's debt crisis.
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