History Chapter 23

25 August 2022
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After World War II, the only nation that could rival the United States was:
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the Soviet Union
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The first confrontation of the Cold War took place in:
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the Middle East, when Soviet troops occupied northern Iran seeking access to oil fields.
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According to the policy of containment, as laid out by George Kennan, the
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United States wascommitted to preventing the spread of communism.
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The "Iron Curtain":
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separated the free West from the communist East.
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The Truman Doctrine:
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committed the United States to fighting communism anywhere.
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What set a precedent for American assistance to anticommunist regimes throughout the world, no matter how undemocratic?
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The Truman Doctrine.
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The Marshall Plan:
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was a U.S.-Soviet program to rebuild Europe.
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After World War II ended, Japan:
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received economic assistance from the United States.
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Japan's constitution, which Americans had written, provided for the first time in Japanese history:
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women's suffrage.
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In 1948, the Soviets began the Berlin Blockade:
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in response to the creation of West Germany.
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How did the United States respond to Joseph Stalin's blockade around Berlin?
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Truman ordered that supplies be brought to Berlin via an airlift.
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Which statement is true about the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)?
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All the members pledged mutual defense against any future Soviet attack.
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Why did France and other Europeans understand NATO as a form of double containment?
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The pact would guard them against Soviet aggression as well as against the resurgence of a powerful Germany.
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All of the following are enactments of the policy of containment except
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The Warsaw Pact
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NSC-68:
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called for a massive increase in U.S. military forces.
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Which statement best describes what NSC-68 called for?
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A permanent military buildup and a global application of containment.
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Which statement about the Korean conflict is FALSE?
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Chinese troops threatened to enter the conflict, but never did.
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The Korean War:
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ended in a stalemate.
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The Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO):
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defensive alliance aimed at preventing communist aggression in Asia
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Which long-held U.S. territory was granted independence in 1946?
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Philippines.
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The movements for colonial independence:
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generally had U.S. support.
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The impact of the Cold War on American culture was:
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especially evident in the movies.
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"Militant Liberty" was the code name for a national security agency that:
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encouraged Hollywood to produce anticommunist movies.
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To wage the cultural Cold War, the Central Intelligence Agency and Defense Department:
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funded artistic publications, concerts, performances, and exhibits.
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The principle of human rights—the idea of basic rights belonging to all persons because they are human—was introduced into international relations:
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in the revolutionary period of the late eighteenth century.
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In 1948, Eleanor Roosevelt chaired a committee to draft the:
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Universal Declaration of Human Rights.
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The Universal Declaration of Human Rights:
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ncluded freedom of speech and religion.
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When World War II ended:
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demobilization proceeded quickly
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President Truman's Fair Deal included:
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a national health insurance plan
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All of the following statements are true of the Fair Deal EXCEPT:
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Congress passed Truman's Fair Deal to raise the standard of living for Americans.
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Operation Dixie was:
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the postwar union campaign in the South.
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The Taft-Hartley Act:
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outlawed the closed shop.
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Which piece of American legislation stated that union leaders had to swear an oath that they were not communists?
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Taft-Hartley Act.
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Jackie Robinson
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First black Major League Baseball player
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How did the NAACP manage to change the political landscape in the South between 1940 and 1952?
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Its voter registration drive increased the number of Southern black registered voters sevenfold.
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President Truman's civil rights plan called for all of the following EXCEPT:
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reparations.
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Which civil rights measure was enacted during Truman's administration?
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Desegregation of the armed forces.
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The Dixiecrats:
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opposed desegregation in the South.
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Who did the States' Rights Party nominate for president in 1948?
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Strom Thurmond.
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In 1948, the Progressive Party:
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advocated expanded social welfare programs.
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The 1948 presidential race:
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was the last to occur before television forever changed
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All of the following statements about the Cold War's impact on American life are true EXCEPT:
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Cold War military spending weakened the economy.
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What reason did the Hollywood Ten give for not cooperating with the HUAC hearings?
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They felt the hearings were a violation of the First Amendment.
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Who did Whittaker Chambers accuse of being a Soviet spy during a HUAC hearing?
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Alger Hiss.
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Julius and Ethel Rosenberg:
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were executed after a questionable trial.
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Joseph McCarthy's downfall came as a result of:
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his hearings on the Defense Department.
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Joseph McCarthy:
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was an embarrassment to his party by 1954.
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Dennis v. United States:
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allowed the deportation of suspected communists.
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The McCarran-Walter Act:
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authorized the deportation of communists, including naturalized citizens.
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Operation Wetback:
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deported illegal aliens found in Mexican-American neighborhoods.
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Organized labor emerged as:
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a major supporter of the foreign policy of the Cold War.
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The impact of the Cold War on the civil rights movement:
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included government action against black leaders.