Plasma makes up approximately what percentage of whole blood?
answer
55 percent
question
EXCEPT for the amount of __________, plasma and interstitial fluid differ little in composition.
answer
protein
question
Red blood cells carry __________ to the lungs and __________ to the tissues.
answer
carbon dioxide; oxygen
question
A triglyceride + globulin complex is termed a(n) __________.
answer
lipoprotein
question
The most abundant plasma protein is __________.
answer
albumin
question
The site of red blood cell production in an adult is the __________.
answer
red bone marrow
question
Which of the following does NOT describe the cause of hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN)?
answer
Fetal red blood cell exposure causes an autoimmune response in the mother.
question
In which of the following scenarios is HDN likely to develop without medical treatment?
answer
An Rh- mother gives birth to her first child, who is Rh-, and to her second child, who is Rh+, and then becomes pregnant with her third child, who is Rh+.
An Rh- mother gives birth to her first child, who is Rh+, and then becomes pregnant with her second child, who is Rh+.
question
How does RhoGAM prevent HDN?
answer
RhoGAM prevents the mother's immune system from actively producing antibodies against fetal Rh antigens by destroying fetal red blood cells that cross the placenta during delivery.
question
The antibodies that attack antigens on foreign RBCs are called __________.
answer
aggluntinins
question
People with type O blood are considered "universal donors" for transfusions because __________.
answer
their red blood cells lack A and B surface antigens
question
Suzie was sewing when she accidently punctured her finger with the needle. Several days later, it is filled with pus. Which statement provides an explanation of how the WBCs were able to populate that wound?
answer
WBCs demonstrate all of the listed properties, allowing them to locate the wound.
question
If a patient has thrombocytopenia, the best therapy is infusion of __________.
answer
purified platelets
question
Once platelets arrive at the site of injury, they secrete chemicals to promote the clotting process. Hemophiliacs lack clotting factor VIII or IX. Which of the following would be the most likely hypothesis to best describe the underlying problem with their condition?
answer
Lack of clotting factors VIII and IX results in a deficiency in factor X production. Thus, this deficit in the intrinsic pathway leads to compromised blood clotting.
question
Most of the plasma proteins required in the coagulation process are produced by __________.
answer
the liver
question
The common pathway in coagulation ends with __________.
answer
conversion of soluble fibrinogen to insoluble fibrin
question
RBC, WBC, and platelets all constitute what part of whole blood?
answer
formed elements
question
What other common blood test would have provided information about the level of formed elements a person has?
answer
hematocrit
question
The hematologist performs a bone marrow biopsy by inserting a large bore needle into the red bone marrow of Jasmine's posterior iliac crest and extracting cells. Jasmine's red bone marrow shows very little hemopoiesis and virtually no hemocytoblasts, myeloid stem cells, or lymphoid stem cells. What would happen if Jasmine received a shot of erythropoietin?
answer
The erythropoietin would have little effect on Jasmine's blood cell production.
question
The hematologist diagnoses Jasmine with aplastic anemia, a serious red bone marrow failure. Jasmine's hemopoietic marrow was replaced by adipose tissue, and no red cells, white cells, or platelets are being produced. To produce platelets, myeloid stem cells have to differentiate into what kind of cell?
answer
megakaryocyte
question
The heart is actually (one, two, or three) pumps?
answer
two pumps
question
Which chamber receives blood from the superior and inferior vena cavae?
answer
right atrium
question
Which heart chamber receives blood from the pulmonary veins?
answer
left atrium
question
Which heart chamber pumps unoxygenated blood out the pulmonary trunk?
answer
right ventricle
question
Which chamber pumps oxygenated blood out the aorta to the systemic circuit?
answer
left ventricle
question
Isovolumetric relaxation and ventricular filling (two phases of the cardiac cycle) take place during __________.
answer
ventricular diastole
question
Which of the following is correct about the filling of the ventricles?
answer
Most blood flows passively into the ventricles through open AV valves.
question
Describe the pressures in the atria and ventricles that would cause the opening of the AV valves.
answer
Pressure in the atria would be greater than the pressure in the ventricles.
question
What causes the aortic semilunar valve to close?
answer
greater pressure in the aorta than in the left ventricle
question
Put the phases of the cardiac cycle in the correct order, starting after ventricular filling.
Increased pressure in the ventricles would close what valve(s)?
answer
AV valves only
question
Stewart suffers from bradycardia. Which type of drug might be a candidate to treat his condition?
answer
glucagon
question
How is heart rate controlled?
answer
Dual innervation controls the heart rate.
Parasympathetic and sympathetic divisions of the ANS control heart rate.
Heart rate is controlled through the cardiac plexus.
All the listed answers are correct.
question
With the force of the head-on collision, the patient's chest collided with the steering wheel, causing fractures of the anterior chest wall, including the sternum and ribs. The heart itself, located just deep to the sternum, was injured and began bleeding into the pericardial cavity. What is normally found in the pericardial cavity?
answer
pericardial fluid
question
Dr. Jim knew this victim was suffering from cardiac tamponade due to blood in the pericardial space. The blood in the pericardial cavity compressed the heart, squeezing the atria and ventricles so the atria could not fill. What vessels fill the right atria?
answer
superior and inferior vena cava
question
In a single cardiac contraction, or heartbeat, the entire heart contracts in series--first the atria and then the ventricles. What is the first step in this process?
answer
An action potential is generated by the sinoatrial node.
question
What happens during atrial systole?
answer
The chambers contract and push blood into the ventricles.
Haven't found what you need?
Search for quizzes and test answers now
Quizzes.studymoose.com uses cookies. By continuing you agree to our cookie policy
