Geology Homework 3: Chapter 3

Which of the following best defines a mineral and a rock? -In a mineral the constituent atoms are bonded in a regular, repetitive, internal structure; a rock is a lithified or consolidated aggregate of different mineral grains. -A rock consists of atoms bonded in a regular, geometrically predictable arrangement; a mineral is a consolidated aggregate of different rock particles. -A rock has an orderly, repetitive, geometrical, internal arrangement of minerals; a mineral is a lithified or consolidated aggregate of rocks. -A mineral consists of its constituent atoms arranged in a geometrically repetitive structure; in a rock, the atoms are randomly bonded without any geometric pattern.

_____ is not a mineral

An atom's mass number is 14 and its atomic number is 7. How many neutrons are in its nucleus?

What are the lightest or least massive of the fundamental atomic particles?

What is the smallest particle of matter that exhibits and defines the distinctive chemical characteristics of the individual elements?

Which of the following is an accurate description of ionic bonding?

In which type of chemical bonding are electrons shared between adjacent atoms?

How do the electrons behave in a mineral with metallic bonding?

Which of the following best describes mineral habit?

What discourages minerals from achieving habit?

Crystal habit is the shape that a mineral develops by the repetition of __________.

Other than space, what two additional factors are significant for a crystal to attain habit?

Which group of minerals are the most abundant in the Earth's crust? -carbonates -silicates -chlorides

Which of the following is one of the two most abundant elements in the continental crust?

Which of the following are most abundant in Earth's crust? Choose all that apply. Oxygen Cadmium Titanium Aluminum Potassium

Silicate minerals polymerize to form a variety of structures. Three-dimensional structures have ________ silicon than those composed of independent tetrahedra.

In a silicon-oxygen structural unit, silicon atoms occupy corners of a tetrahedron.

Ruby and sapphire are red and blue forms of the mineral ________.

Which of the following minerals is a ferromagnesian silicate?

Which of the following minerals is in the mineral group known as mica?

Which one of the following is a typical product of weathering?

what is name of the dark colored mica

the micas, biotite, and muscovite, exhibit one direction of cleavage

which of the following is an example of a dark silicate

Which common nonsilicate mineral is used in wallboard?

Calcite and dolomite are both carbonate minerals.

Nonmetallic minerals such as quartz and gypsum have no industrial uses.

A(n) ________ is not a fundamental particle found in atoms.

Which of the following best describes the term cleavage?

What causes a lack of cleavage in some minerals?

Which of the following exhibits three sets of cleavage at 90° angles?

Hornblende has _____ cleavage planes at _____ angles.

Quartz exhibits __________.

The amount or quality of light that is reflected from a mineral surface is known as __________.

What causes the same mineral to occur in varieties that are different colors?

Which of the following best describes the term streak?

Since color is not a very useful way to identify a mineral, what other optical property or properties can be used?

Hardness describes a mineral's __________.

Name the hardest and softest mineral on the Moh's scale.

Which of the following describes the light reflecting characteristics of a mineral?

The strong tendency of certain minerals to break along smooth, parallel planes is known as ________.

What is a mineral's streak?

Which of the following accurately describes a difference between protons and electrons?