ScienceEarth ScienceGeology 100 Exam 2 KSU
Please enter something

Geology 100 Exam 2 KSU

Mateo Robinson avatar Mateo Robinson
25 July 2022
4.7 (114 reviews)
42 test answers

Unlock all answers in this set

Unlock answers (38)
question
What does this texture indicate about the formation of this rock?
answer
The magma formed some crystals before rising closer to the surface and solidifying
question
An igneous pegmatite indicates that:
answer
there was water in the magma
question
Rhyolite is:
answer
Felsic and fine grained
question
Which of the following changes in conditions would represent heating during burial?
answer
A to C increase in pressure and temperature
question
Which are important ways that magma can rise through the crust?
answer
All of these
question
Which of the following causes magma to be less viscous?
answer
fewer silicate chains in the magma
question
Most subduction-derived magma never reaches the surface. However, what is formed if this type of magma reaches the surface of a continent?
answer
Belts of volcanoes
question
A hot spot is interpreted to have formed from:
answer
a rising plume of hot mantle material
question
What type of eruption is shown in this photograph? (Big mound with smoke)
answer
Lava dome
question
Which of the following would be evidence that a volcano has NOT been active for a long period of time?
answer
Well-developed soils on volcanic rocks
question
What type of eruption is shown in this photograph? (Pointy with lots of smoke)
answer
Pyroclastic flow
question
At what depth do gas bubbles have the most effect on magma?
answer
At very shallow levels, such as within the volcano
question
Eruptions of scoria cones are commonly associated with:
answer
basaltic lava flows and lava fountains
question
Which of the numbered features is a lava flow?
answer
1
question
What type of eruption formed the volcano in this photograph? (Tall composite volcano)
answer
Viscous lava and pyroclastic eruptions
question
The most dangerous type of volcano is a:
answer
composite volcano
question
What is the main hazard of this type of volcano? (Mound)
answer
Relatively small pyroclastic eruptions caused by localized explosions or collapse
question
Which of the following environments would most likely form limestone?
answer
Coral Reef at C
question
What type of weathering is best expressed in this weathered limestone? (Bumpy with cracks)
answer
Dissolution
question
Which of the following attributes does NOT apply to these sediments?
answer
Well sorted
question
What is the best explanation for the shape of these clasts? (rounded pebbles)
answer
They have been transported a significant distance
question
What type of rock is shown in this photograph? (larger rocks)
answer
Breccia
question
What type of rock is shown in this photograph? (rigid levels)
answer
Siltstone or Shale
question
Which of the following rocks is composed of the smallest sedimentary clasts?
answer
Shale
question
Which of the following is NOT involved in turning some sediment into sedimentary rock?
answer
Metamorphism
question
Textures of igneous rocks
answer
Phaneritic: crystals that are visible to the unaided eye Aphanitic: Don't have crystals that are visible (rapid cooling)
question
Volcanic breccia
answer
Form by explosive eruptions of ash and rock fragments from lava flow
question
Volcanic glass
answer
No crystals
question
Vesicular
answer
holes in the rock
question
Welded
answer
particles of pumice and volcanic ash are flattened by overlying ash
question
Felsic
answer
Some dark, mostly light Course crystals ex. granite, rhyolite (fine texture)
question
Intermediate
answer
Some light, mostly dark Course crystals ex. Diorate, Andesite (fine texture)
question
Mafic
answer
Dark igneous rocks Course crystals ex. Gabbro, Basalt (fine texture)
question
Ultramafic
answer
Really dark Course Crystals ex. periodotite, lava (fine texture)
question
How does magma form?
answer
-Compression -Asteroids -Iron and nickel
question
Hottest part of the earth
answer
Outer core
question
Melting mantle forms:
answer
mafic magma -flows very slowly
question
Melting continental crust forms:
answer
felsic or intermediate magma -felsic magma is explosive
question
What determines how far magma can rise?
answer
magma pressure, density, gas pressure
question
What controls how easily magma flows?
answer
temperature, composition, percentage of crystal -acid magma doesn't move easily (low temp, high silicate content, high viscosity) -low silicate content magma flows easily (high temp, low viscosity)
question
How magma cools
answer
-lose heat to air, water, or underlying rocks -conduction into wall rocks -loses gases -circulating water
question
Irregular plutons
answer
vertical igneous rock that forms from cooled down magma