FDNS4100 Test 3 Old Test Questions

3 September 2022
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question
Which of the following is not a symptom of pellagra?
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d. Flushing Symptoms include - dermatitis - dementia - diarrhea - death
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Which of the following statements is correct concerning intestinal VitB12 absorption?
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a. The parietal cells in the stomach secrete intrinsic factor Cubulin is associated with VitB12 absorption. Must have Ca2+ present to bind.
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Which of the following is a Thiamin antagonist?
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a. Thiaminases Thiaminases are bacterial and may cause Chastak paralysis (cook fish before eating) Hydroxyphenols are also antagonists
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The Preiss-Handler Pathway converts nictotinamide to NAD and NADP
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FALSE The Dietrich Pathway does that! Preiss-Handler Pathway: NAD de novo pathway Tryptophan --> NAD Nicotinic acid --> NAD
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___ Catalyzes the conversion of 5,10-methyle THF --> 5'methyl-THF
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d. Methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase
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Transketolase requires which of the following coenzymes?
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b. Thiamin diphosphate
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Plasma folate is a better indicator than red blood cell folate for measuring long-term folate status
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FALSE RBCs are used for this becuase they have higher folate levels than plasma
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Which of the following correctly describes the effects that a vitamin B12 deficiency has on the methionine, purine, and thymidylate cycles?
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Folate accumulates in the form of 5'-methyl THF, because the activity of methionine synthase is reduced. Megaloblastic anemia results, since the vital coenzyme, THF, is not available for use in the thymidylate or purine cycles.
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Which of the following is a symptom of wet Beriberi
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c. Cardiac hypertrophy
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The Dietrich Pathway converts nicotinamide to NAD and NADP
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TRUE
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Which of the following is a good source of riboflavin?
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b. Milk eggs, meats, green veggies, and enriched grains are also good sources
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Which of the following reactions does NOT require thiamin diphosphate as a coenzyme?
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a. pyruvate --> acetyl CoA b. Ξ±-ketoglutarate --> succinate c. ribose 5-P + xyulose 5-P --> sedoheptulose 7-P + glyceraldehyde 3-P d. ALL OF THE ABOVE
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Which of the following is TRUE regarding cobalamin transport?
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c. Achlorohydra can prevent cobalamin and animal protein from separating, rendering cobalamin unable to bind to intrinsic factor to be absorbed
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When S-adenosyl methionine levels become low, the activity of cystathione Beta-synthase is ____, and the activity of 5,10-methyl THF reductase is ____
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d. Decreased; Increased
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Which of the following is the primary transport protein of riboflavin?
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a. Albumin
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Which of the following is a high affinity thiamin transporter?
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c. SLC19A2 This transporter is expressed in the early portions of the GI tract Mutations in SLC19A2 causes Rogers syndrome SLC19A3 is also a high affinity transporter - these are inhibited by alcohol
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Which of the following is NOT a function of Niacin?
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b. It participates in one-carbon metabolism Functions of Niacin include: - oxidation/reduction reactions - catabolic reactions - biosynthetic reactions - posttranslational modification of proteins (ADP-ribosylation)
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Which of the following describes the major forces in the emergence of nutrition as a science?
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a. Use of defined diets b. Recognition that certain diseases are related to diet c. Development of appropriate animal models d. ALL OF THE ABOVE
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Which of the following is NOT a function of riboflavin?
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d. Catalyzes decarboxylation reactions Functions of Riboflavin include: - oxidation/reduction reactions - energy production via respiratory chain - protect cells from oxidative stress
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Methylcobalamin is the major form of VitB12 in the plasma
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TRUE 5'deoxyadenosylcobalamin (AdoCbl) is the major form in the liver
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Hartnup disease affects NAD synthesis by ______
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b. Impairing tryptophan absorption Also affects niacin synthesis, and can lead to pellagra
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Which of the following is NOT a clinical symptom of riboflavin deficiency?
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c. Dementia Clinical symptoms of Riboflavin Deficiency include: - Seborrheic dermatitis - Cheilosis - Glossitis - Burning, itching eyes
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One of the treatments for propionyl CoA carboxylase deficiency is supplementation with carnitine. Why?
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b. Propionyl CoA is in equilibrium with propionyl carnitine; the increase in propionyl CoA results in increased excretion of carnitine in the urine as propionyl carnitine.
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Which of the following statement about cubulin is FALSE?
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a. It is the ilial intrinsic factor receptor b. It recognizes the intrinsic factor-B12 complex c. It uptakes the vitamin complex through receptor-mediated endocytosis d. ALL OF THE ABOVE ARE TRUE
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The conversion of L-methylmalonyl CoA --> succinyl CoA is catalyzed by which enzymes?
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b. methylmalonyl CoA reductase
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Which of the following is NOT an indicator of riboflavin nutriture?
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c. Plamsa FAD Proper indicators include: - Erythrocyte gluathione reductase - Erythrocyte flavin - Urinary excretion of riboflavin
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Which of the following is a function of thiamin?
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d. A coenzyme for an enzyme catalyzing reactions that produce NADPH in the pentose phosphate pathway Functions also include: Catalyze oxidative decarboxylation - pyruvate --> acetyl CoA - alpha-ketoglutarate --> succinyl CoA Thiamin Triphosphate
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Before the realization that diseases were associated with diet, scientists believed that these diseases were caused by germs. Which theory describes this scientific belief?
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a. Germ Theory
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Which of the following could occur with VitB12 deficiency?
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a. Megaloblastic anemia b. Peripheral neuropathy c. Dementia d. Degeneration of the spinal cord e. ALL OF THE ABOVE
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Which of the following is NOT a function of choline?
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c. Oxidation/reduction reactions Functions of Choline include: - Methyl metabolism - Lipid and cholesterol transport & metabolism - Structural integrity of cell membranes - Transmembrane signaling
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Which of the following indicators of nutriture is specific for measuring VitB12?
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a. Serum methylmalonic acid Plasma homocysteine is not specific for B12, it changes with Folate & VitB6
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Folate transport forms are found in the ________ species while folate intracellular forms are found in the _________ species.
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a. Monoglutamate / polyglutamate
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Which of the following is NOT a thiamin-responsive genetic disorder?
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b. Holocarboxylase synthase deficiency Thiamin responsive genetic disorders: - Pyruvate decarboxylase deficiency - Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome - Maple syrup urine disease
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Which of the following is true concerning Niacin?
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a. Consumption of 100g protein/day will meet the RDA for niacin
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The enzymes which catalyzes the conversion of dihydrofolate β†’ tetrahydrofolate is _____, and is involved in the ____ cycle.
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b. Dihydrofolate reductase; thymidylate cycle
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What is the purpose for the addition of glutamate residues to Folate?
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c. Glutamates allow folate to be retained in tissues
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Ingesting too much folate can mask a VitB12 deficiency
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TRUE
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Which for of neural tube defect results in a peripheral neurological deficit and may also be reffered to as spina bifida aperta or cystica?
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b. Myelomeningocele
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Which of the following is an adverse effect of ingesting too much Choline?
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a. Hypotension
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Choline is oxidized in liver and kidney to betaine for one-carbon metabolism
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TRUE
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The initial reaction in this pathway for phosphatidylcholine synthesis is able to utilize either a synthase or a carboxylase to produce the phosphatidylethanolamine intermediate.
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a. Phosphatidylethanolamine methyltransferase pathway
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The next immediate substrate that 5-methyl-THF methylates is ____
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e. Cobalamin
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In a study with healthy men consuming adequate amounts of methionine, folate, and vitamin B12, what was true concerning the consumption of a choline-deficient diet?
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d. There was an increase in serum alanine aminotransferase levels, indicating liver damage.
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This pathway for phosphatidylcholine synthesis utilizes s-adenosyl methionine as the methylation substrate.
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a. Phosphatidylethanolamine methyltransferase pathway
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Which of the following enzymes require riboflavin AND are involved in the tryptophan NAD pathway?
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d. Kynurenine mono-oxygenase
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Which of the following is TRUE regarding Thamin?
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c. Most of the Thiamin in the body is found in skeletal muscles
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What form of folate is the most bioavailable?
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c. Folic acid in supplements (taken w/o food)
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_____ is an enzyme that has no corresponding disease caused by a genetic mutation
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a. Acetyl CoA carboxylase
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Identify the correct enzyme.reaction combination
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a. Acetyl CoA carboxylase; acetyl CoA malonyl CoA
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Which of the following is TRUE regarding Niacin?
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Nicotinamide is synthesized in the liver from tryptophan
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Most of the pnatothenic acid in foods is found as a component of which compound?
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c. Coenzyme A
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My the late 1800's there were 4 diseases empirically associated with diet. Which of the following is not one of the 4 diseases?
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b. Marasmus The 4 were Scurvy, Rickets, Pellagra, and Beriberi
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Pellagra is a disease in which an individual is deficient in which of vitamin?
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a. Niacin
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Which of the following is NOT a good source of Thiamin?
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c. Fruits Good sources include unrefined cereals and enriched cereals, meats, nuts, and legumes
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Which of the following individuals is at risk for riboflavin deficiency?
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a. A 43 year-old alcoholic man Populations at risk include - congenital heart disease - cancer - excessive alcohol intake - diabetes
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Which of the following yielded the most reliable data for the EAR for VitB12?
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b. Erythrocyte count
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Deficiencies of Vitamins and their related Diseases
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Thiamin --> Beriberi Niacin --> Pellagra Folate --> Neural Tube Defects VitD & Calcium --> Rickets VitC --> Scurvy VitB12 --> Megaloblastic anemia