Exam 6 Psychology

17 October 2022
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process of _____ involves selecting, directing, sustaining physical/mental activities
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motivation
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The process by which activities are started, directed, and halted so that physical or psychological needs or wants are met is called
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motivation
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The chief function of homeostasis is to a. prevent balance.
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maintain a balanced state
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The part of the brain that seems to influence the emotion of fear is the
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amygdala
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The hormone serotonin is implicated in the experience of a. disgust. b. fear. c. embarrassment. d. depression. e. anger.
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d. deoression
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A person who is a sensation seeker
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needs more arrousal then the average person
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________ proposed that emotions are created by bodily feedback
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James and Lange
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The James Lange theory of emotion suggests
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the emotional state is a result of the emotion we experience
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Which sequence of events in emotional responses is characteristic of the James-Lange theory of emotion?
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stimulus triggers physiological changes that produce emotion
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Which statement best reflects the James-Lange theory of emotion? A) We feel fear, our hearts race, we see the monster. B) We see a monster, our hearts race, we feel fear. C) We see a monster, we feel fear, our hearts race. D) Our hearts race, we see a monster, we feel fear.
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B
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Which theory of emotion states that your body reacts before you experience an emotion?
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James-Lang
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Which theory of emotion proposes that stimuli cause physiological changes in our bodies and emotions result from those physiological changes?
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James-Lang
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Seeing a snake, running away from it, and then becoming frightened is the sequence of events postulated by the ________ theory
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James-Lang
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What is the correct sequence of events in emotional response according to the Cannon-Bard theory?
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stimulus -> emotion AND physiological changes (simultaneous)
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Cannon and Bard disagreed with the James-Lange theory in that
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they said the emotion is felt first, and the actions follow.
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The ______ theory of emotion states that the experience of emotion occurs simultaneously with biological changes. A) Schachter and Singer B) Cannon-Bard theory C) James-Lange D) Plutchik
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Cannon-Bard
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Which is the best explanation of the Cannon-Bard theory? A. Bodily arousal occurs before emotional response. B. Emotions arise from learned triggers. C. Emotion is nothing but a reflexive response based on instincts. D. Bodily arousal and emotional experience occur simultaneously.
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bodily arousal and emotional experience occur simultaneously
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Seeing a snake, and then simultaneously running away from it and becoming frightened, is the sequence of events postulated by ______ theory. A) Plutchik's B) the Cannon-Bard theory C) the James-Lange D) Schachter and Singer's
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Cannon-Bard
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Stanley Schachter Theory of emotion proposes that
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emotion results when you cognitively label the arousal and give it emotional meaning
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"I think I'm afraid, therefore I am afraid" is a statement that is most consistent with which of the following theories? a) the James-Lange theory b) activation theory c) cognitive arousal theory d) the Cannon-Bard theory
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c) cognitive arousal theory The cognitive aspect (or thinking component) is the factor that determines your emotions according to the cognitive arousal theory.
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_______proposed that two things have to happen before emotion occurs: the physical arousal and a labeling of the arousal based on cues from the surrounding environment.
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Schachter-Singer Cognitive Arousal Theory of Emotion
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Physical arousal has to be interpreted cognitively before it is experienced as a specific emotion, according to ____________. A) the Cannon-Bard theory B) the James-Lange theory C) Schachter and Singer D) Plutchik
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C) Schachter and Singer
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The concept of the unconscious is most associated with the writings of ______
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Sigmund Freud
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________ psychologists believe that the unconscious is merely a collection of nonconscious processes produced in the brain. a. Behaviorists b. Psychoanalysts c. Neuroscientists d. Cognitive
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cognitive
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A circadian cycle is about
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24 hours long
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Our sleep-wake cycle follows a(n) ____________ rhythm. - infradian - diurnal - circadian - ultradian
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- circadian
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SCN stands for and does what
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suprachiasmatic nuclei & regulates circadian rhythms
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Jet lag is primarily a result of ___
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upset circadian rhythms
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What is characteristic of REM sleep?
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rapid eye movement, sleep paralysis, voluntary muscles are immobile, vivid cognitions
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Judith is startled when her 6-year-old daughter, Laura, sleepwalks into the family room. It is most likely Laura is experiencing
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NREM sleep
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Sleep spindels occur during what stage(s) of sleep
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stage 2
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Delta waves occur during what stage(s) of sleep
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stages 3 & 4
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deepest sleep wave is
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Slow wave delta sleep, stage 4
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Strenuous physical activity during the day is most likely to increase the amount of a. Stage 2 sleep spindles. b. Stage 1 sleep. c. Stage 4 deep sleep. d. REM sleep. e. dream content.
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C stage 4 deep sleep
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Who sleeps the least? babies teens adults elderly
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elderly
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A person who needs nine hours per night, but is only allowed to sleep for six hours per night, would be said to suffer from
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sleep debt
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who was the author of The Interpretation of Dreams
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sigmund Freud
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Freud believed dreams were
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the "guardians" of sleep and that they allowed us to remain asleep
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According to Sigmund Freud, the manifest content refers to
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the part of the dream that is remembered after awakening. It is the remembered storyline of a dream with images, thoughts and contents.
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if you have been waking up to early for several weeks you are probably suffering from
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insomnia
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A sleep disorder that may require the use of a machine to force air gently into the nasal passages is called.
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sleep apnea.
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A disorder in which breathing briefly stops during sleep, causing the person to choke and gasp and momentarily awaken.
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sleep apnea
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the psychoactive effect of smoking cannabis is due to an action of _____on the brain.
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THC
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Morphine, heroin, and methadone all ...
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derived from opium
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Heroin has been treated with
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methadone
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________ drugs inhibit the central nervous system and thus slow mental and physical activity.
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depressant
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following is classified as a depressant?
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Alchol