Exam 2 Chapter 17

RNA molecules that do not encode polypeptides are called ...... - ....... RNAs.

In this image, an ncRNA is shown bound to what type of molecule? Multiple choice question. mRNA Protein DNA Small molecule

Match each ncRNA function to its correct description Scaffold

Match each ncRNA function to its correct description Guide

Match each ncRNA function to its correct description Ribozyme

Match each ncRNA function to its correct description Blocker

Match each ncRNA function to its correct description Decoy

ncRNAs that contain binding sites for multiple components can act as a(n) ...... for the formation of a complex.

An ncRNA that binds to a protein and brings it to a specific site in the cell's DNA is performing what function? Multiple choice question. Blocker Scaffold Guide Ribozyme

Non-coding RNAs are ______. Multiple choice question. short RNA molecules RNA molecules that do not encode polypeptides mRNA molecules that are not translated

Select the molecules to which ncRNAs commonly bind. Multiple select question. Proteins Small molecules mRNA Lipids DNA Carbohydrates

Select functions commonly carried out by ncRNAs.

In this figure, what role is played by the ncRNA? Multiple choice question. Scaffold Decoy Blocker Ribozyme

The ncRNA shown is helping a protein find a specific location on this DNA molecule. The ncRNA is acting as a ______. Multiple choice question. decoy blocker guide scaffold

When an ncRNA binds to a(n) ....... , it can alter its ability to act as a catalyst, or its ability to bind to another molecule.

Select ways in which the binding of an ncRNA to a protein may affect the protein's function. Multiple select question. It may affect the ability of the protein to act as a catalyst. It may affect the sequence of the protein. It may affect the ability of the protein to bind another molecule. It may affect the stability of the protein.

Which ncRNA associates with proteins to direct the synthesis of certain polypeptides to the plasma membrane? Multiple choice question. HOTAIR SRP RNA snRNA snoRNA

Select the molecules to which ncRNAs commonly bind. Multiple select question. Proteins Lipids Carbohydrates Small molecules DNA mRNA

A precursor to living cells consisting of an aggregate of molecules and macromolecules that acquired a boundary is called a(n) ......

Key features of ...... that made them possible precursors of living cells include a boundary separating their contents from the external environment, polymers containing information, and polymers with catalytic functions.

Match the ncRNA with its function. TERC

Match the ncRNA with its function. COLDAIR

Match the ncRNA with its function. CRISPR RNA

Match the ncRNA with its function. PIWI-interacting RNA

A period on earth when RNA molecules, but not DNA or proteins, were found within protobionts is known as the ...... ......

What is a protobiont? Multiple choice question. A type of ncRNA A precursor to living cells A type of therapy involving ncRNAs A protein required for miRNA processing

Select features that make protobionts possible precursors of living cells.

Select key functions carried out by RNA in an RNA world. Multiple select question. Catalytic function The ability to store information in its nucleotide base sequence Ability to form organelles Ability to serve as a transcript for DNA in the protobiont The capacity for self-replication

The first macromolecule found in protobionts is thought to be ______. Multiple choice question. RNA DNA protein

RNA's ability to work as a ______ would be crucial in its self-replication role in an RNA world. Multiple choice question. guide blocker scaffold ribozyme

Following the RNA world, which role did DNA take over from RNA? Multiple choice question. Synthesis of proteins Long-term storage of information Catalysis of chemical reactions

What new functions would early cells have experienced by the introduction of proteins? Multiple select question. Structural roles of proteins Greater self-replicative ability than RNA Greater catalytic ability than RNA Uptake of substances into living cells by membrane proteins

Select the roles played by the ncRNA HOTAIR. Multiple select question. Direct binding to mRNAs to block translation Activation of gene transcription Repression of gene transcription Alteration of chromatin structure

Select advantages of having both DNA and RNA in cells versus RNA alone. Multiple select question. RNA would be free to perform other functions. DNA is more complex than RNA. DNA is more stable than RNA. DNA could relieve RNA of its long-term storage role.

The first macromolecule found in protobionts is thought to be ______. Multiple choice question. protein DNA RNA

What is the function of the ncRNA HOTAIR? Multiple choice question. Decoy Blocker Ribozyme Scaffold

Rank these molecules according to catalytic activity, placing the molecule with the greatest catalytic ability on top.

The ncRNA Hox transcript antisense intergenic RNA is also known as .......

HOTAIR binds to a region near a target gene that ______. Multiple choice question. contains many purines contains many pyrimidines contains mainly As and Ts contains mainly Gs and Cs

Following the RNA world, which role did DNA take over from RNA? Multiple choice question. Synthesis of proteins Catalysis of chemical reactions Long-term storage of information

What type of molecules does HOTAIR help guide to their target genes? Multiple choice question. Histone-modifying complexes Kinases Ubiquitin ligases Endonucleases DNA-modifying complexes

How does a HOTAIR complex bind to target genes?

Select advantages of having both DNA and RNA in cells versus RNA alone. Multiple select question. DNA could relieve RNA of its long-term storage role. DNA is more stable than RNA. RNA would be free to perform other functions. DNA is more complex than RNA.

What is the function of the ncRNA HOTAIR? Multiple choice question. Ribozyme Blocker Decoy Scaffold

Identify the roles of the protein LSD1 in the repression of transcription by HOTAIR. Multiple select question. Binds to 3' end of HOTAIR Binds to 5' end of HOTAIR Demethylates H3K27 Demethylates H3K4 Trimethylates H3K27

The ncRNA Hox transcript antisense intergenic RNA is also known as .....

HOTAIR binds to a region near a target gene that ______. Multiple choice question. contains mainly As and Ts contains many pyrimidines contains mainly Gs and Cs contains many purines

Why was C. elegans used as the experimental organism in experiments carried out by Mello and Fire?

Identify the roles of the PCR2 complex in the repression of transcription by HOTAIR.

This figure shows the outcome of the in situ hybridization procedure measuring mex-3 mRNA carried out by Mello and Fire. Match each letter with the correct experimental treatment. Instructions