Digestive System

11 September 2022
4.7 (114 reviews)
72 test answers
question
functions of digestive system
answer
digestion, absorption, elimination
question
mastication
answer
the process of chewing
question
incisors
answer
Sharp front teeth that cut food
question
cuspids
answer
Canines, have sharp points to tear food and have the longest root than any other teeth.
question
bicuspids
answer
premolars for crushing
question
molars
answer
Back teeth that grind food
question
salivary glands
answer
glands of the mouth that produce saliva, a digestive secretion
question
palate
answer
the upper surface of the mouth that separates the oral and nasal cavities
question
uvula
answer
a small pendant fleshy lobe at the back of the soft palate
question
pharynx
answer
throat; passageway for food to the esophagus and air to the larynx
question
esophagus
answer
muscular tube that moves food from the pharynx to the stomach
question
stomach
answer
an enlarged and muscular saclike organ of the alimentary canal
question
digestive enzymes
answer
proteins found in digestive juices that act on food substances, causing them to break down into simpler compounds pepsin, hydrocloric acid
question
how long does it take for the stomach to empty?
answer
4-6 hours after a meal
question
enteroendocrine glands
answer
Secrete hormone, gastrin (Into the lamina propria not the pit)
question
parietal cells
answer
Cells found in gastric glands that secrete hydrochloric acid (for hydrolysis of ingested food) and gastric intrinsic factor (for absorption of vitamin B-12).
question
pepsinogen
answer
precursor of pepsin
question
alkaline mucus
answer
Coats the lining of the stomach
question
rennin
answer
an enzyme that occurs in gastric juice coagulates milk
question
duodenum
answer
first part of small intestines, most digestion takes place, chemicals released from liver, gall bladder, and pancreas
question
jejunum
answer
Second part of the small intestine
question
ileum
answer
Third part of the small intestine
question
villi
answer
tiny, finger-like structures that protrude from the wall of the intestine
question
pancreas
answer
located partially behind the stomach in the abdomen, and it functions as both an endocrine and exocrine gland. It produces digestive enzymes as well as insulin and glucagon
question
pancreatic enzymes
answer
digestive proteins found in pancreatic secretions that breakdown all organic nutrients
question
liver
answer
organ that makes bile to break down fats; also filters poisons and drugs out of the blood
question
bile
answer
A substance produced by the liver that breaks up fat particles stored in gall bladder
question
vitamin produced by liver
answer
vit K needed for coagulation of blood
question
gallbladder
answer
a muscular sac attached to the liver that secretes bile and stores it until needed for digestion
question
large intestine
answer
the last section of the digestive system, where water is absorbed from food and the remaining material is eliminated from the body
question
chyme
answer
a semiliquid mass of partially digested food that passes from the stomach through the pyloric sphincter into the duodenum
question
cecum
answer
first part of the large intestine
question
appendix
answer
small pouch, which has no function in digestion, attached to the cecum
question
ascending colon
answer
portion of the colon that extends upward from the cecum
question
transverse colon
answer
Part of the large intestine that passes horizontally across the abdomen
question
descending colon
answer
travels down the left side of the abdominal cavity to the sigmoid colon
question
sigmoid colon
answer
portion of the colon (resembling an "S" in shape) that terminates at the rectum
question
rectum
answer
the terminal section of the alimentary canal
question
anus
answer
A muscular opening at the end of the rectum through which waste material is eliminated from the body
question
fecal transplant
answer
This is a way to help treat a patient who is having recurrent episodes of C. Diff. It is a bacteriotherapy.
question
clostridium difficile
answer
Bacteria caused by an overgrowth of norma flora as a result of multiple antibiotics or contact with the organism with poor hand hygiene.
question
how much flatus is produced per day?
answer
1-3 pints
question
ingestion
answer
the process of taking food into the body through the mouth (as by eating)
question
digestion
answer
the organic process by which food is converted into substances that can be absorbed into the body
question
secretion
answer
the organic process of synthesizing and releasing some substance
question
absorption
answer
the process of absorbing nutrients into the body after digestion
question
excretion
answer
the process by which wastes are removed from the body
question
anorexia
answer
decreased or poor appetite
question
anorexia nervosa
answer
eating disorder characterized by refusal to eat
question
caries
answer
cavities
question
cholecystitis
answer
inflammation of the gall bladder
question
symptoms of cholecystitis
answer
-Pain is always present and is located in RUQ or epigastrium; it may radiate to the right shoulder or scapula (BOAS SIGN) -n/v/anorexia
question
cholelithiasis
answer
gallstones
question
cleft palate
answer
the failure of the palate to close during the early development of the fetus
question
cirrhosis
answer
chronic disease charaterized by degeneration of liver tissue most oftern caused by alcoholism or a nutritional deficiency (cirrho = yellow)
question
leading cause of cirrhosis
answer
alcoholism
question
constipation
answer
Hard, slow stools that are difficult to eliminate; often a result of too little fiber in the diet
question
obstipation
answer
severe constipation resulting from an obstruction in the intestines
question
diarrhea
answer
frequent and watery bowel movements
question
gastroenteritis
answer
inflammation of the stomach and intestines
question
gastroesophageal reflux disease GERD
answer
backflow of contents of the stomach into the esophagus, often resulting from abnormal function of the lower esophageal sphincter, causing burning pain in the esophagus
question
hepatitis
answer
inflammation of the liver caused by a virus or a toxin
question
hepatitis A
answer
inflammation of the liver caused by the hepatitis A virus (HAV), usually transmitted orally through fecal contamination of food or water
question
hepatitis B
answer
inflammation of the liver caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV), which is transmitted sexually or by exposure to contaminated blood or body fluids
question
hepatitis C
answer
inflammation of the liver caused by the hepatitis C virus (HCV), which is transmitted by exposure to infected blood; this strain is rarely contracted sexually
question
hepatitis D
answer
MUST COEXIST WITH HEPATITIS B, transmitted by blood and body fluids, prophylaxis: hygiene, blood donor screening, disposable equipment, no sharing of personal items, sterilization of instrumetns,condom use
question
hepatitis E
answer
A virus spread via fecal-oral transmission (contaminated water) especially in developing countries
question
Irritable bowel syndrome
answer
a common condition of unknown cause with symptoms that can include intermittent cramping, abdominal pain, bloating, constipation, and/or diarrhea
question
peptic ulcer
answer
open sore in the lining of the stomach or duodenum
question
fat soluble vitamins
answer
A,D,E,K
question
water soluble vitamins
answer
C,B
question
electrolytes
answer
mineral substances, such as sodium and potassium, that are normally found in the blood
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question
functions of digestive system
answer
digestion, absorption, elimination
question
mastication
answer
the process of chewing
question
incisors
answer
Sharp front teeth that cut food
question
cuspids
answer
Canines, have sharp points to tear food and have the longest root than any other teeth.
question
bicuspids
answer
premolars for crushing
question
molars
answer
Back teeth that grind food
question
salivary glands
answer
glands of the mouth that produce saliva, a digestive secretion
question
palate
answer
the upper surface of the mouth that separates the oral and nasal cavities
question
uvula
answer
a small pendant fleshy lobe at the back of the soft palate
question
pharynx
answer
throat; passageway for food to the esophagus and air to the larynx
question
esophagus
answer
muscular tube that moves food from the pharynx to the stomach
question
stomach
answer
an enlarged and muscular saclike organ of the alimentary canal
question
digestive enzymes
answer
proteins found in digestive juices that act on food substances, causing them to break down into simpler compounds pepsin, hydrocloric acid
question
how long does it take for the stomach to empty?
answer
4-6 hours after a meal
question
enteroendocrine glands
answer
Secrete hormone, gastrin (Into the lamina propria not the pit)
question
parietal cells
answer
Cells found in gastric glands that secrete hydrochloric acid (for hydrolysis of ingested food) and gastric intrinsic factor (for absorption of vitamin B-12).
question
pepsinogen
answer
precursor of pepsin
question
alkaline mucus
answer
Coats the lining of the stomach
question
rennin
answer
an enzyme that occurs in gastric juice coagulates milk
question
duodenum
answer
first part of small intestines, most digestion takes place, chemicals released from liver, gall bladder, and pancreas
question
jejunum
answer
Second part of the small intestine
question
ileum
answer
Third part of the small intestine
question
villi
answer
tiny, finger-like structures that protrude from the wall of the intestine
question
pancreas
answer
located partially behind the stomach in the abdomen, and it functions as both an endocrine and exocrine gland. It produces digestive enzymes as well as insulin and glucagon
question
pancreatic enzymes
answer
digestive proteins found in pancreatic secretions that breakdown all organic nutrients
question
liver
answer
organ that makes bile to break down fats; also filters poisons and drugs out of the blood
question
bile
answer
A substance produced by the liver that breaks up fat particles stored in gall bladder
question
vitamin produced by liver
answer
vit K needed for coagulation of blood
question
gallbladder
answer
a muscular sac attached to the liver that secretes bile and stores it until needed for digestion
question
large intestine
answer
the last section of the digestive system, where water is absorbed from food and the remaining material is eliminated from the body
question
chyme
answer
a semiliquid mass of partially digested food that passes from the stomach through the pyloric sphincter into the duodenum
question
cecum
answer
first part of the large intestine
question
appendix
answer
small pouch, which has no function in digestion, attached to the cecum
question
ascending colon
answer
portion of the colon that extends upward from the cecum
question
transverse colon
answer
Part of the large intestine that passes horizontally across the abdomen
question
descending colon
answer
travels down the left side of the abdominal cavity to the sigmoid colon
question
sigmoid colon
answer
portion of the colon (resembling an "S" in shape) that terminates at the rectum
question
rectum
answer
the terminal section of the alimentary canal
question
anus
answer
A muscular opening at the end of the rectum through which waste material is eliminated from the body
question
fecal transplant
answer
This is a way to help treat a patient who is having recurrent episodes of C. Diff. It is a bacteriotherapy.
question
clostridium difficile
answer
Bacteria caused by an overgrowth of norma flora as a result of multiple antibiotics or contact with the organism with poor hand hygiene.
question
how much flatus is produced per day?
answer
1-3 pints
question
ingestion
answer
the process of taking food into the body through the mouth (as by eating)
question
digestion
answer
the organic process by which food is converted into substances that can be absorbed into the body
question
secretion
answer
the organic process of synthesizing and releasing some substance
question
absorption
answer
the process of absorbing nutrients into the body after digestion
question
excretion
answer
the process by which wastes are removed from the body
question
anorexia
answer
decreased or poor appetite
question
anorexia nervosa
answer
eating disorder characterized by refusal to eat
question
caries
answer
cavities
question
cholecystitis
answer
inflammation of the gall bladder
question
symptoms of cholecystitis
answer
-Pain is always present and is located in RUQ or epigastrium; it may radiate to the right shoulder or scapula (BOAS SIGN) -n/v/anorexia
question
cholelithiasis
answer
gallstones
question
cleft palate
answer
the failure of the palate to close during the early development of the fetus
question
cirrhosis
answer
chronic disease charaterized by degeneration of liver tissue most oftern caused by alcoholism or a nutritional deficiency (cirrho = yellow)
question
leading cause of cirrhosis
answer
alcoholism
question
constipation
answer
Hard, slow stools that are difficult to eliminate; often a result of too little fiber in the diet
question
obstipation
answer
severe constipation resulting from an obstruction in the intestines
question
diarrhea
answer
frequent and watery bowel movements
question
gastroenteritis
answer
inflammation of the stomach and intestines
question
gastroesophageal reflux disease GERD
answer
backflow of contents of the stomach into the esophagus, often resulting from abnormal function of the lower esophageal sphincter, causing burning pain in the esophagus
question
hepatitis
answer
inflammation of the liver caused by a virus or a toxin
question
hepatitis A
answer
inflammation of the liver caused by the hepatitis A virus (HAV), usually transmitted orally through fecal contamination of food or water
question
hepatitis B
answer
inflammation of the liver caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV), which is transmitted sexually or by exposure to contaminated blood or body fluids
question
hepatitis C
answer
inflammation of the liver caused by the hepatitis C virus (HCV), which is transmitted by exposure to infected blood; this strain is rarely contracted sexually
question
hepatitis D
answer
MUST COEXIST WITH HEPATITIS B, transmitted by blood and body fluids, prophylaxis: hygiene, blood donor screening, disposable equipment, no sharing of personal items, sterilization of instrumetns,condom use
question
hepatitis E
answer
A virus spread via fecal-oral transmission (contaminated water) especially in developing countries
question
Irritable bowel syndrome
answer
a common condition of unknown cause with symptoms that can include intermittent cramping, abdominal pain, bloating, constipation, and/or diarrhea
question
peptic ulcer
answer
open sore in the lining of the stomach or duodenum
question
fat soluble vitamins
answer
A,D,E,K
question
water soluble vitamins
answer
C,B
question
electrolytes
answer
mineral substances, such as sodium and potassium, that are normally found in the blood