DEP3053 Module 6

23 November 2022
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question
Alex is playing in a room where his mother is sitting nearby. Alex becomes distressed when a stranger enters the room and hardly leaves his mother's side. Later, when his mother and the stranger leave the room for a moment, Alex begins to wail and cry. However, when his mother returns he runs up to her, instead of giving her a hug/kiss he begins to punch her in the arm. This would be a description of what type of attachment pattern?
answer
ambivalent attachment pattern
question
To test a theory of mind, an experimenter showed the child a box of crayons and asked what was in the box, the child answered 'crayons'. The experimenter showed that the box had candles instead. Then the experimenter showed a teddy bear and said that he (the teddy bear) "has not seen the box". Then the experimenter asked the child " what does the teddy bear think is in the box"? The child who hasn't developed a theory of mind should answer__________________.
answer
candles
question
Children who show the _____________ attachment pattern show inconsistent, contradictory, and confused behavior, such as approaching the mother when she returns but not looking at her
answer
disorganized-disoriented
question
Developmental researcher John Bowlby proposed that all of the following are true EXCEPT the infant bonds with the father as its protector. the infant's views are based on primary needs for safety and security. the infant is genetically predetermined and motivated to avoid predators. the infant comes to learn that his/her safety is best provided by one person, who is typically the mother.
answer
the infant bonds with the father as its protector.
question
To test a theory of mind, an experimenter showed the child a box of crayons and asked what was in the box, the child answered 'crayons'. The experimenter showed that the box had candles instead. Then the experimenter showed a teddy bear and said that he (the teddy bear) "has not seen the box". Then the experimenter asked the child " what does the teddy bear think is in the box"? The child who developed a theory of mind should answer__________________.
answer
crayons
question
According to Kochanska (1997), the best way for caregivers to promote conscientiousness in children of difficult temperament is ______________________.
answer
for the caregiver and the child to have a close bond (i.e., secure attachment).
question
Choose ALL that apply: What theories influenced Bowlby and Ainsworth and helped shape the attachment theory?
answer
-ethological -Darwin's theory
question
How does attachment theory explain the notion that every child develops attachment to a caregiver ?
answer
it is a biologically rooted mechanism that ensures human survival.
question
What idea do Harlow's research and attachment theory share and support?
answer
the idea that emotional security is as important for survival as meeting physical needs.
question
Choose ALL that apply: What event(s) had influenced Bowlby's and Ainsworth's theory of attachment? -witnessing consequences of children growing up without parents -Wold War II -World War I -Vietnam war
answer
-witnessing consequences of children growing up without parents -Wold War II
question
According to Thomas and Chess, who carried out a large-scale study of infants in the New York Longitudinal Study, what percentage of children were found to be "slow-to-warm babies"?
answer
15%
question
All of the following are indications of a reactive attachment disorder EXCEPT -feeding difficulties. -increased independence of the child. -unresponsiveness to social overtures. -a general failure to thrive.
answer
-increased independence of the child.
question
Which of the following is not a facial expression exhibited by babies who are one month old?
answer
curiosity
question
Erikson believed that everyone enters the autonomy-versus-shame-and-doubt stage at what time in our lives?
answer
at the end of infancy, around 18 months to 3 years
question
Four-month-old Baby Timmy is playing and smiling at his Dad. Baby Timmy is demonstrating a
answer
social smile
question
All of the following are examples of temperament in babies EXCEPT -how well attached the baby is to its mother. -the baby's activity level. -the quality of the baby's mood (ex. pleasant or irritable). -the child's level of irritability.
answer
how well attached the baby is to its mother.
question
Nonverbal expressions of emotion called ___________ are fairly consistent among people of all ages.
answer
nonverbal encoding
question
When discussing the dimensions of temperament, what is the term used to refer to the overall amount of movement demonstrated by a child?
answer
activity level
question
According to Erikson, when do we all pass through the trust-versus-mistrust stage?
answer
first 18 months of life
question
Baby Lilly is watching her other siblings as she plays in her playpen. Her siblings begin to squabble and shove each other on the floor. Baby Lilly looks to her mother and notices that her mother is smiling as she watches the other siblings, so Baby Lilly begins to smile too. This is an example of
answer
social referencing