DEP3053 CH.2-

25 October 2022
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40 test answers

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question
Jason and Justin are twins and are genetically identical. They are ________ twins.
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Monozygotic
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Which childbirth method is based on the principle that childbirth should be as natural as possible and involve no medication or medical intervention; therefore, parents are urged to take responsibility for childbirth, and the use of physicians is viewed as unnecessary and sometimes dangerous?
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Bradley
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A baby born earlier than 25 weeks has only about a _______ chance of survival.
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50% or less than 50%
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What is the disorder caused by the pregnant mother consuming substantial quantities of alcohol during pregnancy, potentially resulting in mental retardation and delayed growth in the child?
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FAS
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An 8-week-old embryo is only ___ inch(es) long with what appears to be gills and a tail-like structure, as well as rudimentary eyes, nose, lips, teeth, and stubby bulges that will form into arms and legs.
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1
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Which test can be used to determine the sex of the child?
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Amniocentesis
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All of the following may cause preterm births EXCEPT
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A mother working during pregnancy.
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What is the name of the rod-shaped portions of DNA that are organized in 23 pairs?
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Chromosomes
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What is the major reason why very-low-birthweight babies are in grave danger from the moment they are born?
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Immaturity of their organ systems
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In which stage of development does the child undergo astoundingly rapid change, and increase some 20 times in size, including dramatic changes in proportion and weight?
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Fetal
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Many of the reflexes that infants are born with have ________ value.
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Survival
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Knowing what we know about the link between genetics, environment and intelligence, what is the best answer for the following question:" If you had a pair of dizygotic twins in your classroom, would you teach them any differently than if they were two siblings students?"
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Genetically, they are as similar as other siblings. So, no, I would assume that their intellectual abilities are somewhat different.
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Choose the best answer: A pregnant mother eats high fat foods, which then influences her child's behavior for life time is an example of ________________.
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Epigenetics
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Knowing what we know about the link between genetics, environment and intelligence, what would be your expectations if you were a teacher and you had a pair of monozygotic twins in your classroom?"
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I would expect them to perform similar.
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How would multifactorial transmission explain development of personality. Choose the most representative and the most accurate example.
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Someone with a genotype of an introvert (an underlying preference to be alone) can learn to be more social. However, he/she will never become a "true" extrovert (an underlying preference to be social).
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Choose the correct statement.
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Epigenetics continues throughout life-span
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In the study by Meaney (2001) where the effect of early maternal care was investigated using rodents as participants, the results were the following: _____________________________________
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The rodents raised by a sensitive mothers developed to be sensitive mothers as well.
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A temperamentally highly impulsive child evokes negative attention from his parents is an example of __________________________________-.
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A biology-environment interaction
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Epigenetics refers to a mechanism ____________________________________.
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By which our environment affects our genetics
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The purpose of cross-fostering the pups in the study by Meaney (so that mothers of high maternal care fostered pups of low maternal care mothers and vice versa) was _____________________________________________.
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To control for mothers' genetic contribution to pups' temperament (e.g., fearfulness or anxiety)
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An increase in the gray matter after practicing juggling for an extended period of time is an indication of ____________.
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brain plasticity
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Choose the best statement. Brain development refers to the _______________________.
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increase in weight and neuron connectivity
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Myelination is important because ______________________________.
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it speeds up neuron impulse transmission
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Choose one correct statement.
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brain plasticity refers to any structural, positive or negative, changes in the brain caused by some environmental influence(s)
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What do we know so far about brain development over life span. Choose ALL correct answers.
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there are certain critical periods during which the damage to the brain due to severe environmental deprivations cannot be reversed. Learning can continue to contribute to synaptic pruning throughout the life span.
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By the time a child is 6 years old, he/she weighs, on average, about _______ pounds and stands approximately ______ inches tall.
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46;46
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What is the term for the period of sleep that is found in older children and adults and is associated with dreaming?
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REM
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The way that psychologist Simon Baron-Cohen describes the differences between male and female brain that may solve the puzzle of autism is called
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extreme male brain
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By the age of ____ months, babies can move themselves in different directions.
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4
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What is the term for the reflex where the baby moves its legs when held upright with feet touching the floor?
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stepping
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Babies are typically able to crawl between _______ months of age.
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8 and 10
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Alex and Nadine watch their 8-month-old baby as he tries to pick up an item. What type of grasp is the baby likely to use?
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Pincer
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What is the term for repetitive, cyclical patterns of behavior?
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rhythms
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In the visual cliff simulation, the baby stopped short of the cliff. What does it mean?
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baby has developed depth perception
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Can poverty affect the body growth?
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Yes, for example children who come from poverty are likely to be shorter.
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It is time for Margaret to give her baby his bath. The water is warm and she adds bubble bath to the water. When she puts her baby in the water, the baby splashes around and plays with the bubbles, and genuinely appears to enjoy himself because his _________ is/are being stimulated.
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sense organs
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One of the most important ways that behavior becomes integrated is through the development of
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rhythms
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Choose ALL correct answers: The language of high pitched speaking, used by caregivers, _____________________________
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is universal serves an important function, such as to get infant attention or to quiet him/her down.
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The most underdeveloped sense at birth is _________.
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vision
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Cross-cultural studies of infant gross motor development reveal that _______________________
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cultural practices and environment can either promote or slow down the process of motor development like walking.